{
    "directory": {
        "guide": "these are the field labels"
    },
    "list": [
        {
            "hmmfld": "(needs resolution - no idea how to dumbfix it. read pdf intelligence needed)"
        },
        {
            "cntry": "Contry name"
        },
        {
            "field0": "(default same as field1 but to be used as the header of a record)"
        },
        {
            "orgname": "Name of the organization"
        },
        {
            "type": "Type of organization"
        },
        {
            "orgadrs": "Full address"
        },
        {
            "contact": "Contact person"
        },
        {
            "activity": "Activities of organization"
        },
        {
            "yearest": "Established on"
        },
        {
            "bcsthours": "Broadcast hours per day"
        },
        {
            "prgtype": "Types of programs broadcasted (per day)"
        },
        {
            "whours": "Total hours of programs by and (for women)"
        },
        {
            "langs": "Languages of broadcast"
        },
        {
            "cvrgarea": "Area coverage (approx)"
        },
        {
            "transpwr": "Transmission power"
        },
        {
            "numstaff": "Number of staff"
        },
        {
            "numprodstaff": "Number of production staff"
        },
        {
            "numtechstaff": "Number of technical staff"
        },
        {
            "numvols": "Number of volunteers"
        },
        {
            "nummgmt": "Number of persons at (management level)"
        },
        {
            "donors": "Donors that support the radio (stations)"
        },
        {
            "popl": "Approximate size of population"
        },
        {
            "targetcomm": "Specific community that the station targets to serve"
        },
        {
            "pubslist": "List of publications related to community radio"
        }
    ],
    "records": [
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Nai"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House # 99, Darulaman Mean Road, Kart E Sai Sherkat Bus Station, Kabul, Afghanistan |details| info@nai.org.af Abdul Mujeeb Khalvatgar Executive Director +93 774 409 923 info@nai.org.af, mujeebkhalvatgar@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Nai supporting Open Media is an Afghan Media Development NGO which works on the following areas: Providing Capacity Building opportunity for media industry through its institute, Nai Media Institute, www.nmi.edu.af and through its short term courses Media Advocacy, through its media watch department, and through research on media situation in Afghanistan, see the latest violation map at http://data.nai.org.af/"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Currently 8 hours but will increase the broadcasting hours in the near future"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Entertainment , Educational, News, Current affairs, Music, Women and youth, cultural programs, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "80% of programs are being produced by women and we have one hour program for women"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari and Pashto"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "30 Km"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "150 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female = 3, Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 3, Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 2, Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 5 (Female = 1, Male = 4)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO and Internews"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sahar"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station (women based)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 68 Mahbas St. First Avenue Herat City, Afghanistan |details| radiosahar@gmail.com +93-0-40231000/ +93-0-700408513 www.radiosahar.af"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Humaira Habib Director +93-0-700403602 habibhumaira@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Sahar is an independent women based community radio that is managed by women. This radio was inaugurated on October 28 2003 and began with broadcasting two hours daily with a staff comprising of four women. Radio Sahar was established by funds from IMPACS (Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society) with technical support from Internews and was the first community and women radio station established in Herat.  Today, it has become a full fledged station with over 13 hours of broadcasting and more than 15 employees. Currently, 100% of its expenses are provided by advertisement and public announcements. Out of necessity, Radio Sahar has moved a little towards commercialization. Otherwise its mission is promotion of awareness for women especially on social, political and cultural issues. For this reason, majority of Radio Sahar’s programs is educational. In addition Radio Sahar attempts to attract all local people for greater understanding and self assurance towards their society’s development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "28 October, 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Educational program 2 hours Developmental program 2 hours Entertainment and musical program 4 hours News 1 hour Social and women issues’ program 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "12 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari and Pashto"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "60-70 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "600 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female = 12, Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female = 7, Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Women and children"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sule Paigham Radio (Peace Massage Radio)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Near to UNAMA Office Project Area, Khost City, Afghanistan |details| z_angar@yahoo.com +93-799406167"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Zahid Shah Angar Director +93-799406167 z_angar@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "20 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "More than 45 programs in a week like news service, current affairs, development and rehabilitation, youth, agriculture, education, hum rights, people and government, women’s life, authority and listeners, round table, musical programs are broadcasted"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Peace Message Radio has special programs for women. After every 2 days there is broadcast of 2 hours programme for women following a roundtable discussion."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "In three province of Afghanistan people are able to receive the broadcast in Khost, Paktia, Paktika and in the border areas in Pashtonistan up to Parachinar, Sada, Hanogo and Kurama Egency a total of more than 400km radius"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2 transmitters broadcasting in 2 different frequencies 88.8FM (1000 watts) and 93.2FM (500 watts)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "31 (Female: 6; Male: 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "29 (Female :6; Male: 23)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female:2 ; Male : 4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 4"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Young generation and different strata of Afghan society."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Youth Voice (Saday-e-Jawan Radio)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Park-e-Mellat Herat University Herat, Afghanistan |details| youthradio2003@yahoo.com +93- 40-230800 www.youth-voice.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Youth Voice (Saday-e-Jawan) Herat University Campus Radio is popular among youth and young professionals in Afghanistan.  Based at Herat University, Saday-e-Jawn has built a reputation of excellence in journalism, plurality of sources, high standards of reporting and providing a voice to the audience.  Prof. Sayed Yahya Hazin Executive Director +93-700 41 9420 hazin_2005@yahoo.com The station started in 2003 with help from an international radio expert from Sayara Media & Communication, an Afghan NGO. It produced programmes by 50 journalism students and professors with the support of Sayara Media & Communication administrative staff. After 2007, Sayara Media & Communication cut off support from this radio and currently the radio station is run by journalism students in Herat.  Youth Voice Radio broadcasts 12 hours per day high quality content produced entirely at the Herat station. The population of the province has embraced Saday-e-Jawan as the most popular station for information, education, social affairs, and entertainment programs and above all for the service it provides the people."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "15 May 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "12 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Educational programs for youth, women and children Scientific programs for university students and Four daily news bulletins in local and international languages (Dari, Pashto and English)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari, Pashto and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "60-70 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "300 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "30 (Female = 15 ; Male = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "20 (Female = 7; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "10 (Female = 5 ; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "No volunteers as it is a campus radio for journalism students"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 7 (Female = 2 ; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Youths, women, young journalist and the educated people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Internews - Afghanistan, CITENA Group"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Zohra Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Spinzar Factory Street, Next to Kabul border Kunduz city, Kunduz province Afghanistan |details| radiozohra@gmail.com, radio_zohra@yahoo.com +93-799374314"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details| Najia Khodayar Head of Radio Station +93-799374314 najia_khodayar@yahoo.com, radiozohra@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "8 March 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "The programs broadcasted are: Programs regarding women’s rights: 10 to 15 minutes Youth programs: 10 to 15 minutes Programs for children: 10 to 15 minutes News: Depends on the news Health programs: 10 to 15 minutes Information from worldwide programs: 10 minutes Law programs with judicial actors and local authorities for better understanding of law and human rights: 20 to 30 minutes Musical (people’s choice) program: 2 hours Special programs on special days such as 8 March Women’s day, 16 days of activism against gender based violence, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "60 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Pashto, Dari and Ozbek"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "All over Kunduz province including the districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 1 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "18"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 11; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "1"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 2 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Those community in the districts who are not aware of their rights"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IMPACS and Internews"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Australian Indigenous Communications Association"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO Box 4235, 1/15 Edgar Street, Ainslie ACT 2602 Canberra, Australia |details| patrick@aicainc.org.au +61-2 62628677 +61-2 62304456"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Patrick Malone Chief Executive Officer (CEO) +61-2 62628677 patrick@aicainc.org.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Australian Indigenous Communications Association Incorporated is a body that represents members of the National Indigenous Media and Communications Industry.  The Representative Association advocates for and formulates policy on behalf of this sector. During the 1980s and 1990s, enthusiastic Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in many parts of Australia, with the help of very limited ATSIC, DICTA and now DEWHA funding, established community based radio and television stations. As new technology became more widely accessible, we developed to the point where Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community organisations now own and control: Over 105 unique, small community radio and television broadcasting facilities (known as RIBS -Remote Indigenous Broadcasting Service) in remote communities 25 licensed community radio stations in regional and urban centres; Several community television services; One commercial radio service; One commercial television service; Many video-conference facilities; and Several community and commercial print and multi-media enterprises."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Broadcasting Association of Australia (CBAA)"
            },
            {
                "type": "National representative organisation for community broadcasters."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 564 Alexandria NSW, 1435 Level 3, 44-54 Botany Rd Alexandria, NSW 2042 Sydney, Australia |details| office@cbaa.org.au + 61-2- 9310 299 + 61-2- 9319 4545 www.cbaa.org.au, www.cbonline.org.au www.amrap.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details| Danny Chifley Admin Assistant + 61-2- 9310 2999 dchifley@cbaa.org.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The CBAA is the peak body for community radio and television stations. We provide leadership, advocacy and support for our members to actively provide independent broadcasting services and to build and strengthen local communities.  The CBAA is the national representative organisation for community broadcasters, both fully licensed stations and groups aspiring to hold a permanent licence.  The CBAA provides advice and support to community broadcasters regarding a variety of issues."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The CBX is the industry magazine for community media. The magazine is produced and published by the CBAA."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Broadcasting Foundation"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO Box 1354, Collingwood VIC 3066 144 George St, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia |details| info@cbf.com.au + 61- 3- 9419 8055 + 61-3-9419 8352 www.cbf.com.au"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Ian Stanistreet Executive Director + 61-3-9419 8055 exec@cbf.com.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": " The Community Broadcasting Foundation (CBF) is an independent non-profit funding agency that solicits and distributes funds for the maintenance and development of community broadcasting within Australia. The CBF cannot provide funding to organisations outside Australia or for purposes not associated with the maintenance and development of Australian community broadcasting.  The CBF is supported by the Australian Government.  CBF funding is provided for local Ethnic, Indigenous, and RPH programme production; national programme production, distribution and exchange; station infrastructure and operational support; training; national infrastructure development projects; sector coordination and research.  The Foundation operates with a small Secretariat and around forty volunteers who sit on grants advisory committees, project advisory groups and the Board of Directors."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " The Community Broadcasting Foundation publishes its annual report each November. It is mailed to stakeholders, grantees, community stations and broadcasting groups and distributed at sector conferences. It is also available online at www.cbf.com.au.  CBF Update, a monthly email newsletter that contains up- to-date information about the CBF's activities including grant opportunities.  The CBF funds the development of resources that assist the development of Australian community broadcasting. Many of the resources created are available for download from the Australian community broadcasting portal – www.  cbonline.org.au."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Health Communication Resources Incorporated"
            },
            {
                "type": "Training Institute"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "1 Chapel Court Kingsley, Australia |details| hcrdropbox@gmail.com + 61-417912205 www.h-c-r.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ross James Director + 61- 417912205 hcrdropbox@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We provide training and consultancy to radio stations, health and social development agencies to effectively use community radio for health and social development. Our approach is through the framework of health promotion using five specific tasks of radio for programme schedules, features and CSAs."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Toolbox for Evaluation Training materials"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "org": "Alliance for cooperation and Legal Aid Bangladesh-ACLAB"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "8/13, Block-C, Tajmohal Road, Mohammadpur Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh |details| Tarikul -1964@yahoo.com +88-02-8129400 +88-02-811607 www.aclabbd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Syed Tarikul Islam Executive Officer +80- 01911349118 tarikul_1964@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "ACLAB is a National Level NGO. It has been working in the following focus issues with the disadvantaged and vulnerable people, particularly women and children.  Non-Formal Education for Rural Children, Adult and women.  Health, Nutrition and Population, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Malaria Control, Tobacco Control, Nutrition Safe Water & Sanitation, Arsenic Mitigation.  Women and Child protection and rehabilitation Low Cost Housing Project, Micro-credit Program, Legal Aid and Human Rights, Women and Child Trafficking Access to information and Technology Community Radio Program Disaster Management, Climate Change, and Environment"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is under process and will be started in August 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 3 hours and will be increased gradually."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "about 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female; 3 ; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40 (Female:20; Male:20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female: 3 ; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Indigenous people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "CIDA Canada (Partial one time)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication (BNNRC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box: 5095, Dhaka 1205, House: 13/1 Road 2 Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh |details| ceo@bnnrc.net +88-02-9130750 +88-02-9138501-105 www.bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AHM Bazlur Rahman-S21BR Chief Executive Officer +880-17-11881647 ceo@bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication (BNNRC) is a national networking body working for building a democratic society based on the principles of free flow of information, equitable & affordable access to Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) of remote & marginalized population. BNNRC is registered with NGO Affairs Bureau and Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, Government of Bangladesh as a network and established in 2000 as per Article 19 charter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.BNNRC is in special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.  BNNRC now strives for the following core interventions to contribute in achieving Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS), UN World Summit on the Information Society (UN WSIS) Action Plan and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) through: Right to information for ensuring improved livelihood of the marginalized ICT for Development for bridging the digital divide in rural areas & Community radio/community broadcasting for amplifying voices for the voiceless BNNRC’s outreach extends to local, national and international forums for communicating Knowledge for Development (KM4D). In this backdrop, communication is recognized as an essential human need and, therefore, as a basic human right.  Our working strategies are: Communicating on the Public Sphere: The role of communication and media in exercising democratic political participation in society Communicating Knowledge: The terms and means by which knowledge generated by society is communicated, or blocked, for use by different groups Civil Rights in Communication: The exercise of civil rights relating to the processes of communication in society & Cultural Rights in Communication: The communication of diverse cultures, cultural forms and identities at the individual and social levels."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Handbook on Community Radio: Voices for the voiceless- 2nd Edition MAP on Community Radio in Bangladesh National Baseline Survey report 2011-06-12 Directory of Community Radio in Bangladesh 60 FAQ on Community Radio in Bangladesh Booklet on Community Radio Installation, Broadcast and Operation Policy, 2008"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Centre for Media and Communication Studies (CMCS)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting: Centre for Media and Communication Studies (CMCS)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "12/6 Iqbal Road, First Floor, Block: A, Mohammadpur Dhaka, Bangladesh |details| contact@cmcsbd,org +880-2-9144389 http://www.cmcsbd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  AHM Bazlur Rahman-S21BR Director +880-2-9144389, +880-17-33401770 (Mobile) sohel.manzur@cmcsbd.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Research Training/Capacity building Advocacy/Awareness building Audio and video content development Media Survey"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Academy"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House: 13/1 Road 2, Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh |details| ceo@bnnrc.net + 88029130750 + 88029138501 www.bnnrc.net/cra"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AHM Bazlur Rahman Head +880-29139750 ceo@bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication has setup Community Radio Academy as one of its social enterprise to strengthen community radio operation in Bangladesh.  The major activities of the academy are: Capacity Building Research and Development Technical Cooperation List publications related to community radio Training Module for Community Radio Effective Station Management- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio Program and News Production- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio Technician – 5Days Training Module for Community Radio on Children and Women Rights- 5 days Training Module for Community Radio on Emergency Preparedness and response- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio on Governance and corruption issues-5 days Training Module for Community Radio on Basic journalism skills- 5days Training Module for Community Radio on Content development- 5 days Dynamic Community Drama programming on issues of transparency and anti-corruption Episode Magazine Program for Community Radio on Youth Employability -8 Episode"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Environment Council Bangladesh (EC Bangladesh)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "EC Bangladesh, House-67, Block-KA Piciculture Housing Society, Shyamoli Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh |details| info@ecbangladesh.org +88-02-9120040, 9125028 +88-02-9125028 www.ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arif Sikder Executive Director +88-01711527193 nfo@ecbangladesh.org, sikder@ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "EC Bangladesh is a non-profit and non-political voluntary organization was legalized on 28th February 1994 through the registration with Social welfare Department and June, 28 1995 registered with the NGO Affairs Bureau Government of Bangladesh.  EC Bangladesh works with people whose lives are dominated by extreme poverty, illiteracy and other social needs. EC Bangladesh is committed to make its programs socially, financially and environmentally sustainable, using innovative methods and appropriate technologies. To this end, EC Bangladesh endeavors to bring about change the level of regional/local policy on poverty alleviation and social progress."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Bikrompur"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "EC Bangladesh, House- 67, Block-Ka, Piciculture Housing Society, Shyamoli, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh |details| info@ecbanglagdesh.org, sikder@ecbangladesh.org +88-02-9125028 www.ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arif Sikder Executive Director +880-01711527193 sikder@ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "EC Bangladesh is a National Level NGO. It has been working in the following focus issues with the disadvantaged and vulnerable people, particularly women and children in Bangladesh.  Non-Formal Education for Rural Children, Adult and women.  Health and Nutrition, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Malaria Control, Tobacco Control, etc.  Safe Water & Sanitation, Arsenic Mitigation.  Women and Child protection and rehabilitation Low Cost Housing Project, Micro-credit Program, Legal Aid and Human Rights, Women and Child Trafficking Access to information and Technology Community Radio Program Disaster Management, Climate Change and Environment"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is under process and will commence broadcasting in October 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 3 hours and will be increased gradually"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 7 (Female:3 ; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 3; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male :2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "35 (Female :15; Male: 20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female:2 ; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Indigenous people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RDRS Bangladesh"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House 43, Road 10, Sector 6, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh |details| sabrina@rdrsbangla.net, rdrs@bangla.net +88 02 8954384-6 +88 02 8954391 www.rdrsbangla.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sabrina Sharmin Communications Coordinator +88 02 8954384-6 sabrina@rdrsbangla.net, sabrinabd6@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "RDRS Bangladesh is a long-established development organisation in Bangladesh, working for rural development especially in northern part of the country for about 40 years.  RDRS was established in 1972 by the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), Geneva; and later in 1997 it becomes a national NGO keeping tie with LWF. RDRS mainly provides its supports in the area of: Empowering the rural poor through federation Women’s Rights Education and training Community Health (mother & child health care, TB, Leprosy, HIV/AIDs, Eye care, water & Sanitation etc) Agriculture and environment Climate Change and Disaster Management Food security and nutrition Improving livelihoods of Char (sandbar island) people Empowering of Indigenous community and Microfinance.  Publications by organisations related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Test transmission done in September 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 4 hrs (2 hrs new and 2 hrs echo) A brochure on RDRS activities on Community Radio (in Bangla)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Song (Folk song, country song, Rabindra sangeet, Nazrul geeti, Lalan geeti (film song,); Krishi o Jiban (agro-based prog); Monisha (women issue); Environment, climate change and disaster; Khas land/migration; Amra korbo joy (youth development); Economic development; Drama (different issues); Alo amar Alo (educational programme related to children); Ethnic/marginal livelihoods; Safolya gatha (local success story); Bigyan Chetona (science & technology); Samprotik aalap (talk show on advocacy issue); Ain Shiksha (law education); Special interview; Life sketch (story telling on great lives); News; Sustho deho sustho mon (health issue); Srishti Shukher Ullashe (local talent explore) etc."
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 to 700,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1(Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female =4 ; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 2; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The people who lives in remote Chars (sandbar islands) in river Brahmaputra"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Jhenuk"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "111, Pabahati Road, Pabahati, Jhenidah, Bangladesh |details| srizonybd@gmail.com +88 0451 63264-6 +88 0451 63346 www.srizonybd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. M. Harun or Rashid Executive Director +88 0451 63264-6 srizonybd@gmail.com, harun@srizonybd.org Publications related to community radio by the organisations Leaflet and Brochures"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours Programs broadcasted and duration Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, issue based program, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 upazilla (sub-districts)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "15,79490"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female = 02 ; Male = 02 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female =02; Male = 01"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male = 02 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "20 (Female = 08 ; Male = 12"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 03)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Women and children and their rights"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "type": "An NGO Proyas Manobik Unnayan Society with interest in community broadcasting by initiating Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Mohanonda, Proyas Manobik Unnayan Society, Belepukur, Chapai Nawabgonj - 6300, Bangladesh |details| hasib@proyas.org, proyasbd@gmail.com, info@proyas.or +88-01713248555 + 88-0781-51501 www.proyas.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  MD. HASIB HOSSAIN Executive Director + 88-01714029484 hasib@proyas.org, md.hasibhossain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Publications related to community radio by the organisations Proyas Socio Economic Development Program (PSEDP/Micro Finance Program) Community mobilization to end Violence Against Women Project (CMEVAWP) Expanding Provision of Essential Harm Reduction service for Injecting Drug Users (IDUs), GFATM Package 906 RCC Phase 1.  HR & Legal Awareness Education and Legal Assistance Program.  Harm Reduction Program, HIV/AIDS Intervention Service (HAIS) Under HNPSP, Package-15/1.  Disaster Management Income Generation Activity Program (IGA) Proyas Apiculture Program Enhancing Resources and Increasing Capacities of Poor Households towards elimination of their Poverty (ENRICH) Primary Health Care Proyas Folk Theatre Institute.  Community Radio.  Training Training Module on Community Learning Progra : How to make a community learning program and keep going to on- air from community radio.  Brochures on Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It will be going on-air very soon (September/October 2011)."
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "will broadcast at first 4-6 hours per day.  field91: Developmental program: 45 min, Educational program: 45 min, Current affairs: 30 min, Musical: 4 hours."
            },
            {
                "whours": "About 2-3 hours "
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla (Standard & Local) and Aborigines (Sautal) language."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 Kilometer Radius"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female: 1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40 (Female:10 ; Male:30)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:2 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"People of Chapai Nawabgonj distract, 3 Union Porishod peoples of Godagari upazila & 1 Union Porishod peoples of Tanor upazila under nearest district of Rajshahi and 1 Union Porishod peoples of Nieamotpur upazila under atnearest district of Nouga.  NB: Union Porishod means local government grassroots tier of Bangladesh."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Japan Embassy of Bangladesh and Polli Karmo Shahauk Foundation, Bangladesh"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Padma"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Padma, Tasib Palace, Holding No. 418/1, Ward No. 25, Monafer Morh, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh |details| radiopadma@gmail.com +880 1556 317450 +880 721 751001 www.radiopadma.com (under construction)"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| G M Mourtoza Chief Coordinator +880 1715 137780 ccd@ccdbd.org, gm.mourtoza@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The key activities and working areas the organisation is as follows: Enhancing professional skills of media owners, managers and journalists Capacity building of local media and development organisations Building capacity and leadership of development and social activists Ensuring freedom of the press and journalists Advocating for right to information Developing alternative and citizens media for rise marginalize people’s voice Using ICTs for disseminate information and knowledge for empowering grassroots peoples Empowering women in media and development sectors Campaign for creating awareness on STD/HIV/AIDS, TB, safer sex, safe blood, drug abuse, gender, women & youth empowerment, human rights, youth rights, human trafficking, good governance, fair election, climate change and greet environment issues Capacity and leadership building of youth Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "22 April 2010 Training Manual on Radio Programs Production Handbook on Audio Editing"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "12 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, health, children, youth, women, indigenous and marginalized people related issues based programs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bengali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10 millions"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female = 05; Male = 08)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female 02=; Male = 07 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 01 ; Male = 02)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "28 (Female = 15 ; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 02; Male = 05)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Marginalized people, indigenous people, women, youth, children, students"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO and WACC"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mohasthan"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Mohasthan:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No-66, TMSS, Rangpur Road, Thengamara, Bogra, Bangladesh |details| TMSSES@gmail.com, + 88- 51-78975, 78569, 78563 + 88-51-78563 www.tmss-bd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| MD. Kaiser Pervez Station Manager + 88- 051-78975, 78569, 78563 radiomohastan@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Activities To create awareness among rural people for strengthening democracy Help solve local development problems through media Participatory message development for radio episode production and broadcasting Networking with GOB, CBOs, NGOs and Local village councils Information disseminations To provide a platform to marginalized communities to raise their voices for their own socio-economic upliftment To provide guidance and need based knowledge or health in general with specific focus or reproductive health HIV/AIDS and communicable discuses Focused on social development, development or rural business, farmers, culture and the education Organizing women self help programs Micro-credit program for the slum community Protection and promotion of rights of child labors"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours (for the initial trial period)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Poliikontho, BRAC"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Pollikontho, Post Box No: 19, Shamshernagar Road Moulvibazar, Bangladesh |details| mehedi510@yahoo.com, +880 861 01711985510 +880 2 8813543 www.brac.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Anna Minj Director, Community Empowerment  Programme, BRAC +880 2 9881265 anna.m@brac.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "BRAC is a development organisation dedicated to the alleviation of poverty by empowering the poor to realise their potential and bring about positive change in their own lives.  BRAC services in areas of education, health care, social and economic empowerment, finance and enterprise development, human rights and legal aid, agriculture and food security, as well as environmental sustainability and disaster preparedness.  BRAC organise the poor, especially women, and provide platforms for them to come together, access services, exchange information, analyse and raise awareness on economic, social, legal, gender and other issues concerning their daily lives and their communities."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is in the process"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Planned for 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: 25 minutes entertainment: 30 minutes educational: 25 minutes news and current affairs: 20 minutes and musical: 20 minutes Total 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "105 minutes/week"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla & local dialects"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "400,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female: 1, Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female: 5, Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female: 5, Male: 1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "Formation of Advisory Management Committee is under process."
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Especially Women and Children"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BRAC"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Southern Radio"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O. Kaligonj Bazar, BGF Centre, Rahamgonj Bakergonj,Barisal, Bangladesh"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details| b_forum92@yahoo.com + 880-1711243992 + 880-28712710 |details2|  MD.Shah Alam Howlader Executive Director +880- 1711243992 b_forum92@yahoo.com"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Woman Media Center"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 497 488, Phnom Penh, Cambodia |details| fm102_wmc@online.com.kh + 855-21 22 61 + 855-22 35 97 www.wmc-cambodia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sotheary Meysan Production Manager-Chief of News Room + 855-12- 852 979 sotheary1005@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Women’s Media Center (WMC) is Cambodia’s premier non- governmental, non-profit media organization with a special focus on the roles and rights of Cambodian women.  In 1999, WMC launched its own radio station FM 102, which has become one of the nations leading radio stations. Along with the achievements of FM 102, WMC proudly boasts fully equipped video production studios and a dynamic advocacy network department. More than a decade since its inception, the Women’s Media Center has become one of the foremost providers of public service broadcasting in Cambodia.  WMC also disseminates audio-visual productions via Mobile Broadcasting Units to remote and rural villages across Cambodia, impacting villages that would otherwise not be exposed to infotainment campaigns due to a lack of signal coverage, electricity or finances. WMC is responsible for exposing villages to productions that can (and do) have a true impact on the quality of their daily lives."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "EAST TIMOR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Centre (CRC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Av. Bispo de Medeiros, Quintal Bo’ot Dili, Timor Leste |details| levaristosoares@hotmail.com + 670-723 78 90, +670-723 01 26 www.crc-tl.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Luis Evaristo dos Santos Soares Director + 670-723 78 90, +670-723 01 26 levaristosoares@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Programming Producing Training Networking and Technical support The key areas of support are training, provide assistance in the community radio for radio production including programming and management, technical support.  list publications by your organisations related to community radio • • • • • "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Dili station will be 12 hours a day while in the district 4-6 hours in a day"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Tetum, Indonesian language, Portuguese and local dialect"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Package program bridge to Japan-12 episode Decentralisation radio Program by UNDP-24 episode Election Radio Program Package Radio Drama Program Mother Health Protection Package Local News – daily basis – 10-15 minutes Children program – 30 min to 1 hour Musical – 1 hour Public announcement-5-10 minutes Educational -30 minutes Development – 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Woman program is running in a weekly basis running for 3-5 hours a week"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "8 to 12 stations"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 1,500-2,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "24 (Female = 16 ; Male =8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =6; Male = 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "24 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "12 (Female =4 ; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Normally in the district area the station will provide necessary assistance in delivering the information, ex : for teacher, community, agriculture, church and student"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF, UNDP and from government body"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "EAST TIMOR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Rakambia"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rua Kampung, Alor Dili, East Timor |details| radiorakambia@gmail.com +670 7243674"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Eurico Pereira Director +670 7243674 cximenes.pereira@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2000"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental 45 minute Entertainment 45 minute Educational 30 minute News 15 minute Current affairs 10 minute, Musical 60 minute"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 minute"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Tetum, Portuguese and Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "General driver, famers, youth and local market people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 W"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 8 (Female = 3; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female = 1; Male =2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male = 1 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "17 (Female = 10; Male =7 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female =2 ; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Youth’s and student also volunteer 10"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF for children program we do not have permanent donor"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "FIJI ISLANDS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "femLINKPACIFIC: MEDIA INITIATIVES FOR WOMEN"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station Any other (please specify): FemLINKPACIFIC coordinates a rural and regional media and policy network; community radio is one of our key community media platforms for advocacy"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O Box 2439, Government Buildings PO, Level 2, 193 Rodwell Road, Suva, Fiji Islands |details| Sharon@femlinkpacific.org.fj Peter@femlinkpacific.org.fj +6793310303 +6793307207 www.femlinkpacific.org.fj"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sharon Bhagwan Rolls Executive Director / Station Manager +6793310303/9244871"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 5, 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Currently we stage close to 160 hours a year as part of our women’s weekend broadcasts in the capital city and there are plans in place to extend our transmission time in Suva through the use of a computerised broadcast system. Two more community radio kits are being acquired to enhance the number of broadcasts staged in rural centres"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "fem’LINKPACIFIC’s innovative community radio initiative ‘fem’TALK 89.2FM’ has been operating since 2003, empowering and building the skills of young women broadcasters and opening space for Fiji women’s voices to be heard on key policy decisions. The ‘Generation Next’ team, consisting of 10 young women volunteers, coordinate fem’TALK 89.2FM’s Women’s Weekend Broadcasts (WWB). These broadcasts are a key source of information for women about women’s rights and the promotion of women in decision making, links between urban and rural issues, peace building activities as well as national and local government policy. fem’TALK 89.2FM also provides young women with skills and confidence to engage in national-level debates as interviewers, producers and broadcasters of the WWB.  Programme highlights include: rural women’s human security issues (including environmental security), disability rights.  The community media mobilizes during natural disasters to produce reports known as “Women’s Weather Watch”"
            },
            {
                "whours": "This is a women’s led community radio project."
            },
            {
                "langs": " English is the main language but programmes also feature interviewees speaking in Hindi and Fijian languages"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 kilometre radius using a low powered transmitter"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Varies during mobile rural broadcasts but for the WWB we are targeting about 1000 people i.e. 1% of the radio listening population in Suva"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female)– we have a total of 18 young women who are the Generation Next Project members – they are the core producers and broadcasters for us (see insert box below)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "18 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "Technical support is outsourced (male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "(Female )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female) FemLINKPACIFIC’s management team comprises 4 women who include the Executive Director, Programme Coordinators and Finance Manager"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Taking on the key lessons learned particularly since the expansion of the Generation Next project in 2 rural centres in Fiji, fem’LINKPACIFIC will continue to support the Generation Next volunteer radio broadcasting team of eighteen young women, including two women with disabilities and increase the number of volunteer broadcasters from CSO partners such as the Rainbow Women’s Network, to enhance their skills, experience and confidence in radio production and broadcasting.  In 2011-2012 Fem’LINKPACIFIC will also be working to expand the broadcast times of the Suva based WWB as result of an IT upgrade using computerised broadcast technology."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The organisation will also be responding to the request for more rural broadcasts through the acquisition of 2 additional community radio kits in 2011. While one kit will be based in Labasa the second kit will be available for rural broadcasts in Viti Levu initially in Nausori and Nadi.  The focus for 2011-12 onwards is to enhance broadcast systems while continuing to build the capacity of the Suva and rural GN members to be the core producers of media content to support our rural networks in Labasa/Savusavu, Nadi and Suva/Nausori as well as provide coverage and deepen their understanding of key policy related activities linked to femLINKPACIFIC’s own priorities in the capital city eg. being assigned to “cover” events and also contribute femLINKPACIFIC input from our policy reports/recommendations.  While supported by the Executive Director (as Station Manager and responsible for regulatory matters as well as the Coordinator: Regional Programmes a former Generation Next member) the Coordinator – Fiji Programmes and enhancing the role of the GN Suva Team Leader will also enhance the broadcast management and administration systems building on the plans developed during the the annual media skills training programme for Generation Next members, as well as our regional correspondents. Focus will also be made to enhance not only the media skills but also the feminist/gender analysis skills of Generation Next - enabling the young women to not only produce and broadcast content, but also enhance their own knowledge and capacity as gender equality / women’s human rights / peace and security advocates.  It should be noted that the current Public Emergency Decree in Fiji has directly impacted fem’LINKPACIFIC, by placing restriction on content. Fem’LINKPACIFIC obtains approval from the government for each broadcast before going to air, and has stopped their vox pop program until further notice. Radio continues to be a critical bridge between rural and urban women in Fiji, and whilst discussions on the political situation in Fiji are not currently possible, fem’LINKPACIFIC’s programs continue to provide an important space for women to speak out on other human security issues that they face in their daily lives."
            },
            {
                "donors": "International Women’s Development Agency, AUSAID, Canada Fund"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "FIJI ISLANDS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Partners in Community Development Fiji"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 14447, 8 Denison Road, Suva Republic of the Fiji Islands |details| admin@pcdf.org.fj +679- 3300392 / 3314160 +679- 3304315 www.pcdfiji.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Pua Karikaritu Project Assistant / Community Media +679 - 3300392 / 3314160(W)/ 3627783 (H) / 9247609 (M) pkarikaritu@pcdf.org.fj pkarikaritu@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community based charitable organization that administers projects in communities in rural areas.  Network: Adopt an integrated approach with stakeholders formal and informal in all projects including good governance Uses participatory methodology to create awareness, assess & analyze situation and share lessons learnt and practices with our primary stakeholders.  1965 –2001 2005 2005 2006 -2008 Funded Ministry of Education publications on backyard gardening for rural Boarding schools.  (While administered by Foundation for the People of the South Pacific).  In partnership with Ministry of Education published 2 editions of foods for school children – Primary and secondary levels.  Published a Disaster Management Training Manual in vernacular (Fijian) for SOPAC Interviewed by the Fiji Broadcasting Commission Limited (vernacular– Fijian) for airing on the Community programmes on Tuesday at 5.00pm. (Fiji Time).  This gives information on the different projects and activities the staff members are involved with."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2005 –2008 2002 to date Published posters, brochure and stickers on marine conservation including coral gardening.  Published Organization annual report with audited Financial Statement. (This is given to our stakeholders) Note: These publications are sometimes used as illustration by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), FSPI, government departments, schools and Radio networks."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "ALTERNATIVE FOR INDIA DEVELOPMENT"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pathal Kudua, Albert Compound, Ranchi, India |details| aidranchi@btinternet.com + 91-651-2301963 + 91-44-26272340 http://www.aidindia.org.uk/cr_section/cr_home.  htm"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mrs. Sunanda K.S.  Chairperson + 91-44-26272336/ 26272340 sunanda.ks@btinternet.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We produce radio programmes in 8 regional languages (Hindi, Nagpuri, Mundari, Magahi, Bengali, Santhali, Ho and Oriya) that are broadcast from FM channels of AIR -Daltonganj, Ranchi, Chaibasa, Jamshedpur (all in Jharkhand) and Baripada (Orissa) covering the states of Jharkhand, Orissa, Chattisgarh and Bihar and part of Uttar Pradesh. The major activities covered in these radio programmes are the following: Capacity building for pro-poor radio programme development through training, orientation, workshops and exposure visits.  Participatory message development for radio episode production and broadcasting.  Narrowcasting of the radio episodes.  Cultural team performance through skit plays highlighting the issues and problems of the region.  Mobilization of the community forums for community action through rally, dharna, submitting memorandums, meetings etc.  Pro–poor advocacy for right to information, entitlements and participatory governance.  Networking with CBOs, NGOs and local village councils.  Information dissemination through leaflets, brochures, pamphlets etc.  Quarterly publications of newsletters in English and Hindi."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "We publish the following quarterly newsletters: Voice to the Voiceless (English) Vikalp ( Hindi) Antardhwani (English) Posters on Community Radio We have applied for radio station at Meral, Garhwa District, Jharkhand to the Ministry of Information and Broadcast, New Delhi."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "CHARKHA DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION NETWORK"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "D-1947 Palam Vihar, Gurgaon 122017, Haryana, India |details| Website: charkha@bol.net.in +91-124-4072638, +91-124-4079082 www.charkha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shankar Ghose President +91-124-4072638, +91-124-4079082 shankarghose@charkha.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Set up in 1994, Charkha is an innovative non-profit organization that works with marginalized and disadvantaged communities in rural and remote parts of the country.  Empowering the grassroots writers through skill development training programmes to highlight their local concerns through tools of communication. Introduction of appropriate communication tools for the target groups –traditional folk art including street theatre and puppetry, print media & digital means (community radio/ television/ Internet).  Inviting writings of rural writers and placing them in mainline media after editing them, so that their issues reach the policy makers.  Organize exposure tours for the rural writers/ activists for on-site reportage.  Commission stories, incentives for grassroots writing on issues of development and poverty.  Operational areas: Rajasthan, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, Northeast & Andaman & Nicobar Islands, media fellowship in Jammu & Kashmir"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Short film on ‘Process of Developing a Community Radio Programme in Jharkhand & Chattisgarh’ Report on Community Radio Programme in Jharkhand & Chattisgarh Charkha Community Radio programme is designed, developed and produced by the community and broadcasted through All India Radio, the National Broadcaster. Charkha has actively participated as part of the OneWorld South Asia (OWSA) Network in Amendment of the Broadcast Bill 2006."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "DRISHTI"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "4th Floor, Mistry Chambers, Near Cama Hotel, Khanpur Ahmedabad, India |details| drishtiad1@gmail.com +91-79 – 25601885/25601660 Websites:  www.drishtimedia.or"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mr. Debarun Dutta Program Manager, Community Media Team +91 9726936572 debarun.drishti@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Drishti uses media and the arts to build empowered communities that value self-expression and uphold human rights.  By demystifying video, radio, theatre and arts Drishti empower local citizens to become agents of change In partnership with NGOs around India, Drishti is building a media of the people, for the people and by the people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Fire Fly Media"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "A-2/174, Aya Nagar, Phase-V New Delhi, India |details| vagishkj@gmail.com +-91-9868249634"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Vagish K Jha Chief executive Officer (CEO) +91-9868249634 vagishkj@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We undertake training for radio production for a community radio project.  We produce / help in production of radio programme with community in focus"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "IT FOR CHANGE"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box No 393, 17th Main, Jayanagar 4th T Block, Bangalore-560041, India |details| ITfC@itforchange.net + 91-80-26654134, + 91-80- 26536890 +91-80-41461055 www.ITforChange.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": ": |details2| Ms. Shilpa Rao Programme Manager + 91-80-26654134, + 91-80-26536890 shilpa@ITforChange.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "At IT for Change, we: Engage with all actors defining the development agenda including governments, NGOs/CSOs, private sector, academic institutions, international agencies and the media.  Initiate debates on the politics and potential of ICTs for development.  Research and analyse ideas, innovations and initiatives in the ICTs for development domain and disseminate our interpretations and learning.  Conceptualise and promote perspectives on ICTs for development, emphasising participation, local context and content, equity and empowerment to transcend techno- deterministic frameworks.  Act through field projects to 1) demonstrate innovative applications of ICTs for development, and 2) partner with others for full-scale implementation of ICT enabled systems for social change.  IT for Change relays a weekly half-hour programme in Mysore district of Karnataka, India, which is oriented towards women from local self-help groups and their activities. The broadcast is on the open channel of the Karnataka State Open University. The programme is titled “Kelu Sakhi” (meaning “listen friend”) and is delivered as a CD to the University every week for broadcast. The broadcast has been live since 25 December, 2006 and self-help group women are increasingly designing and recording the content themselves."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Kutch Mahila Vikas Sansthan"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "16, Yogeshwar, Opp. Bhuj Gymkhana, Ghanshyamnagar Bhuj, India |details| kmvskutch@gmail.com +91 -2832- 223311"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Preeti Soni Executive Director +91 -2832- 223311, 222124 ujjasradio@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We work on women empowerment issues, specifically focusing on: Education Health NRM Livelihood enhancement Development communication Capacity building of Panchayati women Organising urban women Savings and credit programmes"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, NRM, cultural, health, education, occupational etc. in two hours with specific focus on gender angle 70"
            },
            {
                "whours": "All the programmes are in context of women empowerment and the station is being run by women community members"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kutchi only"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "26 villages of Nakhtrana block of Kutch"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 6000 households"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 ) same persons responsible"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 ) same persons responsible"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 20; Male =10 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "2 (Female =1 ; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Local donors of Kutch"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Namma Dhwani"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "C/o Jagruthi Resource Center, Budikote Main Road, Budikote Village, Bangarpet Taluk, Kolar District, Karnataka, India |details| bala_kalyani@yahoo.co.in, myrada@vsnl.com + 91-8153256828, + 91-8153325533 www.voices4all.org, www.voicesindia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Balakrishna Jagruthi Resource Center Manager + 91-9845315497 bala_kalyani@yahoo.co.in"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "1.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental and educational"
            },
            {
                "whours": "0.5 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Around 30 villages"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "Not yet allowed to broadcast"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female =3; male =3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "2 (Female = 1; male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Female =0; male =1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Farmer community, women, senior citizens, people with disabilities, etc."
            },
            {
                "donors": "At present we are self-sustainable"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "One World South Asia"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "C-5, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi, India |details| naimur.rahman@oneworld.net +91 11 41689000 +91 11 41689001 www.southasia.onworld.net, www.edaa.in"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Naimur Rahman Director +91 11 41689009 naimur.rahman@oneworld.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Builds capacities of grassroots people to identify issues of concern and speak out about them; and also to advocate for their own rights using radio and community media Produces community radio programmes in partnership with other CBOs and NGOs on issues addressing the MDGs Conceptualised and powered an on-line audio content exchange bank for community broadcasters- EK duniya and EK awaaz (One World, Many Voices) – www.edaa.in Initiated an on-line audio content exchange bank for community broadcasters- EK duniya anEK awaaz (One World, Many Voices) – www.edaa.in - which now contains about 1000 usable programmes in different South Asian languages covering 27 development themes. The portal serves as resource and networking platform for CR Stations and initiatives in the region"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "PEOPLE’S ASSOCIATION FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "PARD VAANOLI ()"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No.87, 4/1018 Annai Abirami Street Sithi Vinayagar Kovil Street, Thasildar Nagar Madurai 625 020 , Tamil Nadu, India |details| pardvaanoli@gmail.com +91-452-2533493 +91-452-2533493"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| E. James Rajasekaran Project Director, PARD/Station Manager, PARD VAANOLI +91-452-2456092 jamesrajasekaran@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Programme for Slum Women and Children especially Child Labourers Organising Women Self Help Groups Micro credit Programme for Slum Women Sustainable Agricultural Training for farmers"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Officially inaugurated on 08.09.2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Three and a half hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Programme on Education, Health, Agricultural, Good Governance, Government Schemes and Programmes, Human Rights and Legal Awareness Programmes."
            },
            {
                "whours": "More than 70% of the programmes are by and for women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tamil and Telugu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 60 villages"
            },
            {
                "popl": "60,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "15 (Female: 15)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female: 4 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Community below Poverty Line"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "People’s Power Collective"
            },
            {
                "type": "A Public Trust (Registered In India) to Support Community Radio Development in the region called People’s Power Collective"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "St. Thomas Town P.O, M 12 Chennakeshava Layout, K.K. Halli, Bangalore - 560084, India |details| info@peoplespower-co.org +91 – (0) 9845807900 Websites:  www.peoplespower-co.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Saritha Thomas Managing Trustee / Director +91 – (0) 9845807900 & +44 (0) 7887711956 saritha@peoplespower-co.org "
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our mission is to build a greater awareness of community radio as a tool for grassroots empowerment and information sharing, and enable rural and marginalised communities to manage and run effective, sustainable radio stations that bring social and economic benefits to their wider community groups.  "
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mattoli"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Mattoli 90.4 FM"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dwaraka, Mananthavady, India |details| radiomattoli@gmail.com +91 4935 242008 +91 4935 240066 www.radiomattoli.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. Fr. Thomas Joseph Therakam Station Director +91-9446030066 therakam@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We work on issues related to disaster management, drinking water, education & literacy, culture, environment & forests, food processing, health & family welfare, hiv/aids, housing, human rights, information & communication technology, legal awareness & aid, labour & employment, land resources, micro finance (shgs), minority issues, micro small & medium enterprises, new & renewable energy, nutrition, panchayati raj, right to information & advocacy, rural development & poverty alleviation, tribal affairs, tourism, urban development & poverty alleviation, vocational trainings, etc Publications related to community Radio Mattoli Souvenir 2011 radio by the organisation"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 1 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental – 4 hours per day Educational – 4.30 hours per day Culture & Entertainment – 4.30 hours per day Information relevant to the public – 1 hour per day Tribal Program – 30 minutes per day Commercial spot/PSA – 80 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Malayalam, Tribal Dialects"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10-15Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 8, 16,558 as per the censes 2011"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watts (100 watts ERP)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female: 6, Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female : 5, Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female: 1, Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "78 (Female: 40, Male: 38)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 19 (Female: 8, Male:11)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"All communities in the target area"
            },
            {
                "donors": "National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA), Kerala State Council for Science Technology & Environment (KSCSTE), National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) New Delhi, Indian Coffee Board Bangalore, Montreal University Canada and Kerala State Horticulture Mission."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rudi No Radio - Sewa"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting and Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "“Krishna Bhavan”, SEWA Academy, Ellis Bridge Corner, Opp. Sakar-II, Town Hall, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. India |details| sewaacdy@youtele.com +91-79-26577115 +91-79-26587708 www.radiosewa.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ms. Namrata Bali Director +91-79-26577115 sewaacdy@youtele.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Organising workers in urban & rural areas such as : Hawkers, vendors and small business Home-based workers Manual labourers & service providers Small producers Working on different campaigns for the informal sector e.g.  Home-based worker’s campaign Vendor’s campaign Clean Ahmedabad campaign The water campaign Campaign for forest workers Campaign for agricultural labourers Campaign for recognition of Dais as village health workers Campaign for child care as basic service Campaign for legislation entitling workers on the informal economy to social security.  Women’s cooperative federation which does capacity building, marketing and provides services like book keeping and management / marketing for : Artisan cooperative Dairy Cooperative Agricultural cooperative"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Trading based cooperative Savings and credit groups Health, child care & other services.  SEWA Bank which works on saving / credit & Pension scheme Financial literacy Use of the Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) Reviving income generating programme through the Sangeevani scheme Solar energy programme SEWA Social Security for self employed women Health care Insurance (VIMO) packages Child care services for 0-3 years, 3-6 years Housing & Shelter Training for women construction workers, coordinating with Municipality, slum up gradation in cities, low-cost housing & earthquake resistant houses.  Education, Capacity Building, Research and Communication at SEWA Academy Education and capacity-building SEWA manager’s school Information and Technology (IT) Training worker to build our movement Literacy – learning to take charge of our movement, our lives Communication through audio visuals – Video SEWA, Rudi No Radio, Satellite Communication.  Action Research on socio-economic issues of working class women Advocacy"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Health, insurance and banking services provided by SEWA, on days of national and international events, cultural, accidental and social issues, Gramhaat activities, federation and housing, trainings, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "15 minutes in a week on every Saturday"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Gujarati and Hindi in mixed language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Gujarat and nearby Gujarat area, Rajasthan State"
            },
            {
                "popl": " Approximate 7,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "8.46 KM hutch/ AM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Radio for Women"
            },
            {
                "donors": "AMARC and Swiss Development Corporation (SDC)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rural Education and Development (READ) India"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "707, HEWO Towers, Sector-56, Gurgaon, India |details| geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com +91 124 4365428 Websites:  www.readglobal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Geeta Malhotra Country Director + 91 9818193575 geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " READ India is engaged in setting up Community Libraries and Resource Centres in rural areas of the country with goal of inspiring rural prosperity.  To prepare community to make effective use of ICT tools such as preparing a cadre of Community Radio practitioners at the grassroots level and help them to apply for community radio license.  To build the capacity of women and especially adolescent girls in mass communication.  To promote Early Childhood Development and preparing children for formal education.  To promote women’s empowerment and gender sensitization.  To help the community in sustaining the centre and creating livelihood opportunities."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "SARANG Community Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "St Aloysius College (Autonomous), Mangalore"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "SARANG Community Radio, St Aloysius College, P.B. 720 Mangalore – 575003, India |details| richiersj@yahoo.com, radiosarang@gmail.com, principal_sac@yahoo.com +91-824-2449700-701; 744 +91-824-244705 www.sarang.org.in; www.staloysius.edu.in; www.richardrego.wordpress.con"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Rev Dr Richard Rego SJ Station Director +91-824-2449706; +91-9448546425 richiersj@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Educational Institution"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours (since July 2011)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "a. Health & hygiene b. Agriculture c. Nurturing Communal harmony and appreciation of diversity d. Folk culture e. Women and children f. Scientific temper g. Information on Government pro-people policies, schemes, and assistance available to the masses h. Education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "21 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Kannada, Konkani, Tulu and English (daily); Beary (local Muslims’ mother tongue), Malayalam, Hindi (weekly)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "5 (Male:4 ; Female : 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5(Male:4 ; Female : 1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 2 (Male + 2 female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 8 (Female =3 ; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Fisher folk, agriculturists, daily wage earners, beedi-rollers, security personnel, and auto drivers"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Mostly the College Management (for now) and local advertisers to a certain extent"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (SID)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "914. HEWO Apartments, Sector 56, Plot 42 Gurgaon -122001, India |details| geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com +91-0124-4009611; +91- 9818193575"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Geeta Malhotra Founder +91-124-4009611; +91-9818193575 geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Society for Integrated Development (SID) is committed to the following activities: To supplement and complement Central/State/Semi- government policies and programmes aimed at communities’ empowerment through well-designed and result-oriented projects and interventions.  To strengthen communication opportunities among marginalized communities through various media tools.  To provide a platform to marginalized communities to raise their voices for their own socio-economic up-liftment To provide guidance and need-based knowledge on health, in general, with specific focus on reproductive health, RCH, HIV/AIDS and communicable diseases.  To promote Community Radio for enabling communities to use radio as an effective tool for addressing Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).  To organize debates, consultations, seminars and workshops on various development issues for sustainable development.  To do advocacy programmes on population, health, gender, environment & socio-economic issues."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Department of Communication, University of Hyderabad"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Department of Communication, Sarojini Naidu School, University of Hyderabad"
            },
            {
                "type": "Academic institution carrying out research in media studies, also specifically on Community Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Department of Communication, Sarojini Naidu School, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India |details| vpavarala@gmail.com; kkmsn@uohyd.ernet.in +91-40-23135501 +91-40-23011553 http://172.16.1.100/academic/school_study/ sarojini_naidu_school/program_communication.  html"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Prof. Vinod Pavarala Head of the Department +91-40-23135501 vpavarala@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Department of Communication, located within the prestigious Sarojini Naidu School of Performing Arts, Fine Arts & Communication, has evolved over the last 20 years of its existence, into one of the leading institutions of higher learning in the field of communication and media studies in India. With faculty trained in nationally and internationally reputed institutions, and with well-equipped studios and laboratories, the department provides students balanced inputs in both theory and practice of mass communication. Filmmakers, journalists, corporate communication specialists, and leading scholars from India and abroad constitute a panel of eminent visiting faculty, who offer value addition to the training being given to the students. The faculty of the department is actively involved in academic research and there is significant empirical work being carried out on community radio/media."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Other Voices: the struggle for community radio in India by Vinod Pavarala and Kanchan K. Malik; Sage Publications, October 2007.INDONESIAATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA UNIVERSITY"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio based at Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta Jalan Babarsari 44, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia |details| mbirowo@yahoo.com +62 274 487711"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mario Antonius Birowo Lecturer/Researcher +62 274 487711 mbirowo@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Entertainment Education Culture News and current affairs Musical Developmental Community Woman program"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2009. Forthcoming, a chapter “Community radio and the empowerment of local culture in Indonesia” in the book “Decade of Democracy: Indonesian Media after Soeharto”, Edited by Krishna Sen & David T. Hill, Routledge, London.  Teaching Research 2009. Forthcoming, a chapter “Community radio and civic action” in the book “Peripheral Media, Marginal Communities: Media and Politics in the Asia-Pacific,” Edited by Krishna Sen, Wanning Sun, and Denise Wood, Sussex Academic Press, Marginal Communication.  2007. A chapter “Perlukah Perspektif Asia dalam Kajian Ilmu Komunikasi?” (Do We Need Asian Perspective in Communication Studies?) in the book ‘Komunikasi dan Kekuasaan’ (Communication and Power), published by Forum Studi Komunikasi, Indonesia.  2006. Published a book “Mengapa Radio Komunitas” (Why Community Radio), published by Combine Resource Institution, Indonesia 2005. A chapter with Sasangka, ‘Radio Komunitas: Media Pemberdayaan Aspirasi Publik’ (Community Radio as Media of Public Empowerment) in the book Juwarno (ed.), Desentralisasi Globalisasi dan Demokrasi Lokal, LP3ES, Jakarta, pp. 308-321."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2005. ‘Melawan Hegemoni Media dengan Strategi Komunikasi Berpusat pada Masyarakat’ (Against Media Hegemony through People Centered Communication Strategy), Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Volume 2, No. 2 December 2005, pp. 127-144 2006. Mengapa Radio Komunitas? (Why Community Radio?), Combine Resources Institution, Yogyakarta 2005. Book editor with Jamil Gunawan, Sutoro Eko, Yunanto & Bambang Purwanto (editors) Desentralisasi, Globalisasi dan Demokrasi Lokal (Decentralization, Globalization, & Local Democracy), LP3ES, Jakarta."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "3 July 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "5 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Indonesian and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "2.5 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300-400 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "20 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "20 (Female : 12 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "20 (Female: 12 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"We try to serve all"
            },
            {
                "donors": "The biggest donation comes from our Faculty (Communication Department, Faculty of Social and Politics, Atma Jaya University of Yogyakarta), with other funding such as Ford Foundation and at times contribution from the staff."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Combine Resource Institution"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Ngadisuryan No. 26, Yogyakarta 55133, Indonesia |details| office@combine.or.id + 62-274-418929 + 62-274-418929 www.combine.or.id"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jahja Ranggoaini (Nieke) Director +62-811256903 nieke@combine.or.id"
            },
            {
                "activity": "COMBINE RESOURCE INSTITUTION Provide trainings and other types of capacity building to community radios as well as to the associations in the region and at national level."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Publish materials (books, bulletins, modules) for capacitated community radios, document the Community Radio’s lesson learnt and best practices.  Promote the uses of ICT's and Open Source software to the community through community radios and other local information network.  Support equipments for internet access to local partners (CR's, NGO's, Network) and fund bandwidth for running the system.  Bi-monthly bulletins: 'Kombinasi' (About community radios and people’s media with thematic issues in Indonesia and from all over the world) A best practice book: Media Rakyat: Mengorganisasi Diri Melalui Informasi (People's Media: Self Organizing Through Information) A comic manual: Radio ku, Radio mu, Radio kita...! (My radio, Your radio, Our radio...!) Three manuals of Community Radios: 1. Mengapa radio komunitas? (Why community radios?) 2. Bagaimana mendirikan radio komunitas? (How to develop community radios?) 3. Pengelolaan Radio Komunitas (Management of Community Radio)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Komunitas Damarwulan FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 64293 Jln.Gedangan No.11 B Ds.Damarwulan Kec Kepung KEDIRI - JAWA TIMUR, INDONESIA |details| Damarwulanfm@yahoo.co.id +62-0354-326737 +62-0354-326737 www.damarwulanfm.blogspot.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Aqirdina Isnani Secretary +62-0354-7097035 dinaa_yinniren@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2 August 2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "1. Daily broadcast program TIME NAME TARGET 10.00 – 12.00 Dangdut RT (household) Housewife Education 12.00 – 14.00 Music & information General News & information 14.00 – 16.00 Teen information Teenagers News & information 16.00 – 17.30 Creative Teenagers Teenagers Education 17.30 – 18.00 Religious music General - 18.00 – 20.00 Music & information General News & information 20.00 – 22.00 Karya Desa Poor people Development 22.00 – 24.00 Dangdut General Entertainment 2. Weekly broadcast program On Tuesday, 10.30 – 12.00 AM, we broadcast a program called SEHAT KELUARGAKU (My family’s health) which is conducted by local midwife"
            },
            {
                "whours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Local Indonesian languages and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "6,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts /FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "1 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female = 5 ; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female = 2 ; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The poor people of the village"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "JARINGAN RADIO KOMUNITAS JAWA TIMUR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Jaringan Radio Komunitas Jawa Timur (JRK-JATIM) or East Java’s Community Radio Networking"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Ardi Manis, F5 no.13, Taman 63138 Madiun Jawa Timur, Indonesia |details| sayainfi@yahoo.com +62-351-483289 +62-351-483288"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| ST. Infirohah Al Faridah Majlis Anggota (Board) +62-81330174922 sayainfi@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Facilitate members of JRK-JATIM to build their capacity in order to serve their community better. Assist in the planning, monitoring and evaluating the programs of each member Community Radio with participation of all members, without any discrimination on gender, culture, religion etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "MANAGEMENT MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION CENTRE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Management Media and Communication Centre formerly known as Malang Media & Communication Centre (MMCC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Communication Study Group – Communication Department of Brawijaya University."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Veteran Street No. 1, Malang-East Java Indonesia |details| anangsujoko@yahoo.com +62-341 575755"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Anang Sujoko Director +61-413632338 anangsujoko@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our NGO works mainly in community media broadcasting research and empowerment as we believe that community media will play a significant role in the nation’s development by encouraging audiences to preserve their local culture and providing access to education."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The rise of community radio in East Java (Kompas Daily Newspaper-East Java Edition 2007)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Mitra FM 107.7 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dusun Tanjung Anom Desa Tantem Hilir II Hamparan Perak, Deli Serdang North Sumatra, Indonesia |details| info.mitrafm@gmail.com +62-81361309133 www.mitrafm.or.id"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Hidayat Board Member +62-81361309133 hatirakyat@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Assist in sharing farm development technologies especially paddy field, fishing practices and establishing credit union for the members Promote cultural and traditional art activity (dance, song, drama) Increase forestation on the fringes of cultivated land"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " http://amarc.combine.or.id/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=article&id=9%3Acommunity-radio-teaches-and- entertains&catid=1%3Anews&Itemid=3&lang=en http://mitrafm.or.id"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 August 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental  20% Entertainment  10% Educational  20% News and current affairs 15% Traditional music  20% Reforestation movement 15%"
            },
            {
                "whours": "40 %"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Indonesian, and traditional language like Javanese, Minang, Simalungun, Batak Karo, Banjarmasin (Borneo) and Malay"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 villages in two districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10000 - 15000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watt/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female = 11 Male, = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female = 3 Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "All staffs are volunteers from Community Radio Organization"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 19 (Female: 7 ; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Farmers and fishermen of the area"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Residents of the village, NGO (FAO, EED, World Bank) and public advertisement"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RAMA (VOICE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE)"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RAMA 107.9 FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 78241, Jl. Budi Utomo, Kompleks Bumi Indah Khatulistiwa Ruko no.B.3 Lt.2, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia |details| radiorama_fm@yahoo.co.id, carolinerama_fm@yahoo.co.id iyang_krio@yahoo.co.id 0561 - 885264"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AGAPITUS Head of Radio Station RAMA 107,9 FM 081345998463 iyang_krio@yahoo.co.id agapitus.aga@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Dissemination of alternative information about environmental and natural resource management, economic empowerment for the community member, have a critics sense toward the law, cultural revitalization and restitution and the rights of indigenous peoples.  Education and democratization Peace building and reconciliation Entertainment and revitalization of cultural arts"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " News Information Green Discussion/Wisdom of Indigenous People All about Credit Union Voices Of Women"
            },
            {
                "whours": "120 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bahasa Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20-50 KM, according to the concentration of the indigenous people communities in the city of Pontianak"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "10 (Female =5 ; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =3; Male =2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "10 (Female = 5 ; Male =5 ):F=5,M=5"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female = 3; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":" 7 (Female =3 ; Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "We serve all Indigenous People Community in Pontianak City, specially the Dayak, Madura, Malays, Tionghua from the IP communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "NGO for local area namely Gerakan Pemberdayaan Pancur Kasih (GPPK)-Pncur K"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Suara Warga FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community radio station: Suara Warga"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl.Wisnu Wardhana No.40B, Jombang, Indonesia |details| office@suarawarga.info +62 321 2982248 +62 321 854132 www.suarawarga.info"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Noor Chasanah Human Resource Development and Networking +62 85 646 549 934 ana@suarawarga.info"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Broadcasting Radio program production Training and Workshop about community radio"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Broadcasting on radio streaming (www.suarawarga.info) A sheet of news paper “KOBAR” Suara Warga"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 25 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News Information and Education Entertainment and Musical Cultural 6 hours 4 hours 5 hours 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Indonesia, Javanese, English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "2.5 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "± 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female 7; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:4; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The urban poor (pedicab driver, garbage collector, small seller, farmer)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "102 Cooperation with Lakpesdam NU Jombang, KBR68H, RNW and contribution from community"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "SWARA TAMBOROLANGI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Swara Tamborolangi"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO BOX 68 Rantepao-Toraja Utara, Tanete Kindan-Lembang Madandan, Rantetayo South Sulawesi 91831, Indonesia |details| sw_tamborolangi@ymail.com +62-852 40599602"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Rahel Lewi Reporter +6281355848601 lewirahel@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2001"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News Current Affair Culture and tradition Local and National Politics Community based Natural resources (Climate change and DDR) Music and entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "8 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Torajan, Indonesia and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 sub districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "100,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 75 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "4 (Female 2 = ; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "2 (Female = 1; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 5; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female = ; 3 Male = 2 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Indigenous People"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "West Java Community Radio Networking"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Cukang Jati No. 56/116c. (Gatsu) Bandung, West Java, Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details| info@jrk-jabar.or.id +62-227307662 +62-227307662 www.jrk-jaba.or.id |details2| Gani Rachman Chief of West Java Community Radio Networking +62-81320527571 Ga2n2004@yahoo.com gagan@jrk-jabar.or.id |details| "
            },
            {
                "activity": " Capacity building Advocacy, etc"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Media Resources (CMR)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box 4-27-2 3D Ichiriyama, Otsu, Japan |details| info@cmrs.jp +81-77-543-7665 http://www.cmrs.jp"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Tetsuo Matsuura Director +81-90-2835-8810 matsuura@cmrs.jp"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Enhance democratic communication among people Promote participatory and inclusive media in society Community radio and video production"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "field0": "FM YY"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio FM YY"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 653-0052, 3-3-8, Kaiuncho, Nagata-ku, Kobe, Japan |details| fmyy@tcc117.org +81-78-737-3196 +81-78-737-3187 http://www.tcc117.org/fmyy"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jun’ichi Hibino General Director +81-90-9043-9093 hibino@tcc117.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "FMYY acts as a bridge between the minority communities and the non-minority elite. Local non-minority elites (such as local politicians) listen to FMYY. Thus, we work as an agent for the voices of the minority community to be heard by those in political power. Our values ensure that we provide programs for the local community rather than entertainment. Furthermore, we uphold our citizen-based approach to represent migrants, ethnic minorities, people with disabilities and social activists.  Publications related to community radio by the organisation Handbook for the Utilization of DMAM (Disaster Management Audio Materials) for Community Based Disaster Management"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30 January, 1995"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Japanese, Korean, Chinese, Vietnamese, Tagalog, Thai language, English, Spanish, Portugese, Ainu language ( indigenous launguage in Japan)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "36 square km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "81,177 families"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "10 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "120 (Female: 75; Male: 45)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "110 (Female: 70; Male: 40)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "15 (Female : 5; Male: 10)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "110 (Female :70; Male: 40)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female: 3; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Communities of ethnic minority, disabled people and migrants."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Multilanguage Center FACIL, Takatori Community Center"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Nanmin Now!"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO that is broadcasting a program in community radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 604-0901, 284-7, Suemarucho Nakagyoku, Kyoto, Japan |details| nanmin_now@ybb.ne.jp +81-(0)740-20-1115 +81-(0)740-20-1115 http://www.voiceblog.jp/nanmin_now/"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Katsuya Soda Director +81-(0)740-20-1115 http://www.voiceblog.jp/nanmin_now/"
            },
            {
                "activity": "“Nanmin” means “Refugee” in Japanese. “NANMIN NOW!” started since 2004 at the Kyoto Sanjo Radio Cafe (FM 79.7 MHz) in Kyoto, Japan. It is the first and only radio program that specializes in providing refugee issues around the world and in Japan. It’s unique concept like ‘broadcasting news related to refugees like daily weather report’ have been highly valued and widely recognized by many people. We work in cooperation with UNHCR (The United Nations Refugee Agency) and many non- governmental organizations to create radio programs which we prepare for English website and broadcast.  Our objectives are met through the following activities: To provide the link between International Cooperation and the community To built new connection with communities through refugee issues To offer ‘Media Education’ and ‘Human Rights Education’ through practice"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "KYRGYZ REPUBLIC"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radiomost 100.5 FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radiomost, Lomonosov Street 35 Talas City, Kyrgyz Republic |details| Mediamost@inbox.ru +996-0-342253126 www.radiomost.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gulmira Osmonova Station Manager +996 -0-342253126 gulmiraosmonova@rambler.ru"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Community radio aims to bridge the information gap in remote Talas region.  Encouraging community participation in programming by creating a network of volunteer village reporters.  Giving voice to marginalized groups Production of advocacy programmes on health, gender, education, human rights, and socio-economic issues.  Discussion forums and workshops on current affairs Provide opportunity for students to acquire computer and radio presentation skills.  Mobilize people to take action to help themselves"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Publication on volunteer village reporters in progress Publication on “How to do Community Radio in Central Asia” in progress"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "per day News and Current affairs: 3 hours Entertainment: 4 hours Educational: 1 hour General interest: 2 hours Musical: 4 hours "
            },
            {
                "whours": "28 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Kyrgyz, Russian and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Talas Province, 3 out of Talas’ 4 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "120,000 listeners"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 KW/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "21 (Female = 12 ; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female = 9; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "32 (Female = 20; Male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female = 2; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Talas province"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO, EU, CIM/GTZ LAOSCommunity Participation and Communication Support Programme (CPCSP)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "LAOS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Participation and Communication Support Programme (CPCSP)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting: Mass Media Department, Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Setthathilad Rd, Chanthabouli District, Vientiane Capital, Laos |details| cpcsp.programme@gmail.com +856 21 254601"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Xaisongkham Induangchanthy Communications Officer + 856 20 22939193 / 20 76000845 cpcsp.programme@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The CPCSP is a four-year programme [2011-2014] aiming to advance civil society through community media in Lao PDR.  Since 2006, UNDP has been working in partnership with the Ministry of Information and Culture to pilot community radio in Khoun district, Xiengkhouang. In line with the Government’s plan to expand community radio to the 47 poorest districts in the country, UNDP supports the scaling up of community radios and help develop local capacity to sustain them in the longer term."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "LAOS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Khoun Community Radio For Development"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phiavat village, Khoun district, Xiengkhouang province, Lao PDR |details| khounradio@gmail.com +85-6-305171534 + 85-6- 61 213250 khouncommunityradio-xiengkhouang.blogspot.  com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mr Vongsone Oudomsouk Project Manager/Media Associate +856-30-5171139 oudomsoukvongsone@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Establishing a local radio station in Khoun district, Xiengkhouang, Laos, as a community-run radio model; Identifying information needs and demands from local communities (Khoun) by carrying out audience survey; Providing training in various aspects to locals to run and manage the station such as radio programme production, technical skills, station management, community mobilization, fundraising, etc.  Cooperating with other radio initiatives in Laos or in the region."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Moral teaching Environment Labour and welfare Peace and security Women, youth, children Local and national/international news Culture Health Education Agriculture Drama Music"
            },
            {
                "whours": "programme 3 hours per week (in three different local dialects, 1 hour broadcasted each)."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Khmu, Hmong and Laoloum"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "75 out of 89 villages (home to about 31,000 people) in Khoun district can be reached by the station. Furthermore, some villages in neighbouring districts in Xiengkhouang and other provinces have reported that the signal can also be received."
            },
            {
                "popl": "We believe more than 84 percent."
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "20 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "39 (Female = 14; Male = 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "34 (Female =14; Male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female = 2; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Ethnic people and vulnerable groups (women, youth, disabled, etc.)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "United Nations Development Programme"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "MALAYSIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "CIJ Communications Services SDN BHD"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "27c, Jalan Sarikei, Off Jalan Pahang, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |details| cijmalaysia@gmail.com +60-3-4023 0772 +60-3-40230769 www.cijmalaysia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Masjaliza Hamzah Executive Director +60-3-4024 9840 masjaliza@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Monitoring of and responding to violations on freedom of expression (by state or non-state actors) Monitor media content Conduct trainings and develop resources towards building an ethical media Advocate for legislative change to promote freedom of expression through campaigns to amend media laws and introduce Right to Information laws Facilitating marginalised voices through community media"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "MALAYSIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "e-Bario"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bario Radio, eBario Sdn Bhd.,Kelabit Highlands, Bario, Baram District 98050, Sarawak, Malaysia |details| john.tarawe@gmail.com +6 019 4381777 http://www.ebario.org/index.html"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| John Tarawe Chief Executive Officer (CEO) +6 019 4381777 john.tarawe@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Cultural activities Voices of the people; local documentaries and oral histories Popular music and music from local performers Group discussions Farming information Special interest item for; youth, women, farmers, elderly, businessmen, etc.  Family announcements"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Plan initially for 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " E- BARIO Community development Rural ICT consultancy Telecentre operation Event management National and international news Current affairs Developmental information Educational programmes Health information Weather reports Interviews with local and visiting dignitaries Entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kelabit and Malay"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "1,500 sq kms"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 4,500"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watt FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 2 (Female: 1; Male: 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female : 3 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Kelabit ethnic indigenous people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IFAD"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "ASSOCIATION OF COMMUNITY RADIO BROADCASTERS NEPAL (ACORAB)"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal (ACORAB)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Association of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 19324, Chakupat Lalitpur, Nepal |details| info@acorab.org + 977-1-5551171 + 977-1-5011669 www.acorab.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Min Bahadur Shahi President + 977-1-5551171 minshahi@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Lobby and advocacy for development of community radios Institutional strengthening of community radios to establish them as effective and efficient community media Organisational development of community radios for promotion of the radios as social transform catalyst and facilitator to enhance justice, promote and protect human rights, and encourage good governance"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Annual Report The Current Situation of Media in Nepal (Workshop Proceedings) The Status of Community Radio in Nepal Community Radio in Nepal: Legal Provisions and Requirements Lobby and Advocacy Strategy Code of Conduct for Community Radio Election Code of Conduct Samudayik Radio Shanti ko Batoma"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "AFNO FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO run Community Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box no. 8975, EPC 1461 Saibu, Bhaisepati Lalitpur, Nepal |details| afnofm@gmail.com +977-1-5015062 +77-15015213 www.hdcsnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Vijay Kumar Manandhar Coordinator +977-9851101677 vijay@hdcsnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The NGO Save the Environment operates the following: Three hospitals in Nepal's remote areas – in Dadeldhura (far west Nepal), in Rukkum (mid west Nepal) and in Lamjung (west Nepal) An international school for the mission kids called Kathmandu International Study Centre located in Jhamsikhel, Lalitpur Nepal Three Day Care Centres for physically and mentally handicapped children Two FM stations - in Dadeldhura and in Okhaldhunga (eastern Nepal) called Afno FM 104.8 MHz Afno FM in Dadeldhura"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14th June 2008 and on 28th January 2009 at Okhaldhunga."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "We broadcast Health program (interview with doctors, health workers and health information sharing) Education Program (saikchhik srokar) Agriculture program (information about crops, method of farming, information related to the different types of diseases, insect ,etc) Entertainments (playing music, songs on demand, phone in programmes, story telling Advocacy Programmes for women (able women, voice of women, etc.)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Doteli at Dadeldhuga, and Nepali and Rai at Okhaldhunga"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "6 districts in the far west (Dadeldhura, Doti, Kailali, Bajhang, Achham and Darchula) and 6 districts in the east (Okhaldhunga, Udaypur, Ramechhap, Sindhuli, Solu,and Khotang)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1 million in the farwest and 1 million in the east"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2) in each radio station."
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female: 2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:3 ; Male:4) in Okhaldhuga 6 (Female:3 ; Male:3) in Dadeldhura"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:3 ; Male : 4) Any specific community that the All community living in the area station targets to serve"
            },
            {
                "donors": "FEBA UK"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Antenna Foundation Nepal"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "G.P.O. Box 24225, Bakhundole, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| contact@afn.org.np +977-1- 5528059 +977-1- 5545857 www.afn.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Pramod Tandukar Director +977- 15528053 pramod@afn.org.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Antenna Foundation Nepal (AFN), founded in 2002, is an independent, non-governmental, non-profit and non- partisan organization, dedicated to the development of public service broadcasting in Nepal through the production and broadcasting of high quality radio (mainly) and TV programs and the training and technical support of local/ community radio stations to better reach local and rural communities in a two way communication: disseminating information and making their voices heard.  Antenna’s approach is to involve local communities throughout the production and broadcast process to jointly identify the local needs and issues to be addressed. We partner with local community radio stations, providing technical and capacity building support, to enable them to better reach local and rural communities."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "ANTENNA FOUNDATION NEPAL Handbook for Community Radio Producers and Volunteers Audio CDs for free distribution to CR: Sample Radio Formats, radio feature samples and other programs (all publications in Nepali language)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "BAGLUNG FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Baglung Communication and Information Cooperative Limited - Baglung FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station - Baglung FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No.11, Baglung Municipility 2, Baglung, Nepal |details| baglungfm@gmail.com +97-68-522075 +97-68-522166 www.baglungfm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Gyanendra Gautam Station Manager +977- 9857620035 gyanendrabgl@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Baglung F.M. is established as an independent and self- sustaining community radio station to broadcast knowledge based informative programmes aimed to preserve the regional traditional diversity and heritage. The major objectives of Baglung F.M. are: To preserve and broadcast programmes for the development of national identity, art, culture and traditional heritage.  To bridge the information gap between general public and local governance bodies.  To contribute in national development by identifying, mobilizing and preserving knowledge, abilities and skills of the local communities To develop women, children and socially disadvantaged groups by promoting inclusive development.  To provide community with knowledge based information and awareness raising programmes.  To improve community development by promoting education, health, environment issues, tourism, sustainable development, human rights and community consciousness.  To improve communal feelings, alliance and coalescence among all the members of the communities for collective effort on community development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs and musical"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Baglung FM has 7 lady producers to broadcast 12 hours of program per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts and main focus areas are Baglung, Parbat and Myagdi districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "28 (Female: 12; Male:16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female: 6; Male:10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female: 4 ; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 15 (Female: 6 ; Male: 9)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The geographically disadvantaged people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "BHEKAAAWAJ FM 101.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Odanaku-9, Kalikot, Nepal |details| bhekaaawaj@gmail.com + 977-83-523240/523241 + 977-83-620159"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kashi Chandra Baral Station Manager + 977-9748003638 and 9858022465 kashibaral@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " We operate in western Nepal covering five districts of Karnali zone, which is amongst the least developed region of the country.  Our main activities is focussed on social development, development of rural industry, co-operatives, tourism and the educational sector"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "9 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "English, Nepali, Tharu, Bhote and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "30 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "19 (Female = 9; male =10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 7; male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "9 (Female = 4; male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Mainly Magar, Lama and Dalit communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "No external support."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "CJMC FM 106 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "College of Journalism and Mass Communication (CJMC FM 106 MHz)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box No. 23498, Dhumbarai, Mandhikatar Kathmandu, Nepal |details| cjmc.fm@gmail.com / navastar@gmail.com + 977-1-4650565 + 977-1-4650566"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Nava Raj Chalise Station Manager +977-9851088066 navachalise@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our main activity is to promote educational programme/debate at the national and international level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Mostly educational along with news, current affairs and music)"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kathmandu periphery"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "12 (Female = 5; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "25 (Female = 10; male = 15) including volunteers"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 0; male =3)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "COMMUNITY RADIO SUPPORT CENTER"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Support Center (CRSC)/ Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists."
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO (wing) with interest in community broadcasting across the country. Owned by CRSC which is under Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (NEFEJ) which runs Radio Sagarmatha FM 102.4MHz in Kathmandu Nepal."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O Box: 5143, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal |details| crsc@nefej.org.np +977-1-4261991 +977-1-4261191 www.nefej.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Raghu Mainali Coordinator Office +977-1-4261991 Mobile +977-9851039028 rmainali@wlink.com, crsc@nefej.org.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": "CRSC was established in 2000 and its activities are: Help Desks: Works in the area of popularisation and promotion of community radio in Nepal by facilitating setting up of community radio stations Capacity Building: Serves as focal centre in community broadcasting by extending necessary expertise in improving broadcasts and management of community radio stations by arranging managers’ training, producers’ training, and technical training sessions.  Community Radio Grant Fund: Awards grants (both financial and technical) to the selected community radio stations to lunch new station or to upgrade technical capacity Radio Knowledge Centre: Develop reference materials/books for community radio, collect and document the materials developed by others and distribute to radios. It is maintains a huge resource centre which has reference materials related to community radio from how to set up one up to sustaining them.  Lobbying and Advocacy: Lobby and advocate for creating a conducive environment for community radio movement and sensitise community people about the need for a community radio Publications related to community radio Community Radio: Strategic Planning Manual (Both in English and Nepali languages) Samaja Pariwartanaka Lagi Samudayika Radio (Community Radio: A vehicle to transform society) Samudayika Prasharana: Prastawita Kanuna Tatha Sarwochcha Adalatako Phaisala (Community Broadcasting: Verdicts of Supreme Court and Proposed laws) Community Radio: Collective Marketing Strategy (English and Nepali editions) Radio Pledge (English and Nepali editions) Radio Karyakram (Radio Programs) Nepalma Samudayik Radio (Community Radio in Nepal) Samudayik Radio: Samasya Ra Samadhan (Community Radio: Problems and Solutions) Nepalma Samudayik Radio: Itibritanta (History of Community Radio in Nepal) Profile of Community Radio in Nepal A Proposed Bill on Community and Non-Commercial Broadcasting Radio Directory Community Radio: Principles and Prospect Community Radio Performance Assessment System Manual (both in English and Nepali languages)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 104.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Station and NGO with interest in community broadcasting Media organization Youth Awareness Environmental Forum (YAEF/Nepal) established community radio station Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 104.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 19355, Kathmandu Nepal, Badegaon, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| ecrfm104_2mhz@hotmail.com + 977-1-5560782 www.yaefnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Astaman Kisee Maharjan Executive Chairman and Chief Editor/Publisher + 977-9841317504 yaef_ast_60@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The forum broadcasted its first radio programme as Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 100 MHz in July 1998 with just an hour of programme. The success of this led the forum establish its own transmission station. A license was obtained from His Majesty's Government to run a F.M. station and was granted the permission to transmit on 104.2 MHz. with the name ‘Environment Cycle Radio FM 104.2 MHz’ (ECR F.M.).  The station started its test transmission on February 4, 2004 and the transmission of regular programme began on April 13, 2004. The radio F.M. is running under the direction of YAEF executive body and most people volunteer their service to this F.M. station. Our objectives are: To create awareness amongst the listeners about environment, health and education.  To provide entertainment to the urban group.  To report local and community news.  To emphasise and highlight the cultural heritage of the valley by broadcasting relevant information.  To promote places of tourist interest within the valley and to promote tourism.  To broadcast community development news.  To broadcast interactive programmes dealing with superstitions and negative attitude prevailing in the society The E.C.R. FM. established its women division and received the membership of the AMARC ¬WIN on March 8, 2005.  Publications by the organisation • related to community radio • • Monthly Environmental Magazine News Letter ECR FM Bulletin"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "4 February 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Iinformation and programmes broadly related to environment, health and education. Programme theme covers a range of topics from religion, health, community voice, agriculture, opinions, our cultural heritage, community forest, commercial information, commerce and industry, conflict management, women’s voice, children programme as well as other entertaining programmes and other day-to-day affairs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Bhojpuri, Tharu, Magar and Maithali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "32 (Female = 7; male = 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Newari and Tamang communities of Kathmandu Valley and the rural community for sharing information and creating awareness"
            },
            {
                "donors": "District Development Council (DDC) Lalitpur and the World Conservation Union (IUCN), Kathmandu, Nepal."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Far West Media Development Centre"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pasupati Mandir Road, Ward no. 1, Kailali, Dhangadhi, Nepal |details| fmdc_nepal@yahoo.com +977-91-521119 +977-91-521119"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Umid Prasad Bagchand President +977-9741078578 umidbagchand@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Far West Media Development Centre is an organization of professional journalist working in print and electronic media. It is a major producer of radio programs in the far west of Nepal to name a few; talk show called “Farkilo dharti” being aired from nine FM radio stations of far west and midwest Nepal. Radio magazine “Shanti Sachetana” and “Bikash Chautari” are a few other popular radio programs produced by us. We produce public service advertisement to be aired from FM stations. We conduct the following activities: Radio programs News resource centre News collection and publication Interaction programs Training journalist of far western Nepal Media fact finding mission Regional media press conference Features publication Dynamic report publication Rallies for peace Video documentaries"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "We publish a yearly magazine called “Anabrit”. It contains features and various articles by journalist. The written version of the radio talk shows conducted by our organization is also printed in the magazine."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Himchuli FM 92.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pokhara-8 Phirke, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| himchulifm@hotmail.com + 977-61-539251/533383 + 977-61-539270"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dilip Kumar Rai Station Manager + 977-9856026717 dilip-rai@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The slogan of our organisation being ‘communication for social change and development’ we work in the field of awareness, advocacy and community communication. We focus on the local janajati (ethnic) languages."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2000"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Gurung, Tamang and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kaski, Syanjha, Baglung, Gorkha, Tanahun, Prabat, Lamjung, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "35 (Female = 15; male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "17 (Female = 7; male =10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Gurung, Magar and Dalit communities."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "KRISHI RADIO"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Lumbini Information & Communication Co-Operative Limited"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Naubise 1, Ddharke, Dhading, Nepal |details| Krishiradio@gmail.com +97716214439"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Saroj Prasad Paudel Station Manager +9779751003778,+9779841551426 spojhel@gmail.com, kirshiradio@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Krishi Radio was started by Dhunibesi Community Agricultural Communication Center. I. It is the first and only agricultural radio station of Nepal and based on sharing information about agriculture with an aim to improve the sector."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "September, 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Basically, agricultural programme like as samasya ra samadhan, hat bazzar etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tamang"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 19 (Female: 7 ; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female: 3; Male:5 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female:4 ; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "31 (Female: 5 ; Male:26 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Farmers of the area"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Madhesh Janawaz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Garuda Bazar - 9, Rautahat, Nepal |details| madheshjanawaj@gmail.com +977-55-565373 +977-55- 565374"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Umesh Prasad President +977 1 4486939 ® +977 9851089529 (Mobile) upshah76@gmail.com, umeshpdshah@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Madhesh Janawaj radio is run by 'Collective Campaign and People Uplift Centre' an NGO in Rautahat This is a community radio station situated in Madhesh area and mainly focusing on advocacy for social change and social justice."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental, Entertainment Educational, News Current affairs Infotainment Environmental Health Equality to remove caste based discrimination Labor right Children Human rights and Good governance Percentage of programs by and 30%"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Bhojpuri, Bajika, Maithli, Hindi."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rautahat, Bara, Parsa, Sarlahi, Mahotari, Dhanusha, Makwanpur, Chitawan, some parts of India (Motihari, Sitamari, Muzzafarpur)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 8 (Female:3; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 ( Female:1; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "35 (Female:10 ; Male:25"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dependent on NGO 'Collective Campaign and People Uplift Centre', Rautahat"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "MADHYAPURWA F.M."
            },
            {
                "orgname": "ARANIKO AWARENESS FORUM MADHYAPURWA F.M. 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO 15, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal |details| address: mpfm104mhz.Nepal@gmail.com + 977-11-490650 + 977-11-490650"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Mrs. Laxmi Khanal Station Manager + 977-11-490650 mpfm104mhz.Nepal@gmail.co"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Araniko Awareness Forum (AAF) is a non-profit community based media membership organization. The AAF established a community radio for rural communication called MADHYAPURWA F.M.104 MHz on World Environment day 5 June, 2007. The focus of this FM radio station is on education and information programmes.  Publications related to community radio Monthly magazine"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "20 May 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Environment, health and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours daily"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Bhojpuri, Maithali, Tharu and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female =2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female =2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "NARAYANI FM 103.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Research, Awareness & Communication for Empowerment – Nepal, (RACE – Nepal) Narayani FM 103.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 23, Shreepur Nayabasti, Birgunj, Nepal |details| narayanifm@ntc.net.np narayanifm@wlink.com.np +977-51-520288, 520588 +977-51-520788"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Govinda Devkota Executive Director +977-51-520588/+977 98550 20745 narayanifm@ntc.net.np dgovinda@wlink.com.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Social Awareness in the field of health, education, agriculture, forest conservation Community mobilization for development and sanitation works Health camps in rural areas Training for leadership development, news editing, management, community mobilization Social awareness and mobilization to control violence against women, child marriage, human trafficking Encourage women's participation in social decision making level Encouraging social harmony through public meet, gathering, radio programmes"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "21 October 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "20 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental 25% Entertainment and Musical 25% News and Current affairs 30% Health, Education and Social Awareness 20%"
            },
            {
                "whours": "16Hrs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bhojpuri, Maithili & Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Parsa, Bara, Rautahat, Makwanpur, Sarlahi, Mahottari, Sindhuli, Ramechhap, Kavre, Lalitpur, bordering towns of India (East and West Bihar)."
            },
            {
                "popl": "5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "39 (Female = 11; Male = 28)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 (Female = 4; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Female = 1; Male = 4) Number of part time staff 18 (Female = 7; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 2; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Bhojpuri origin and other marginalized group"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "PANOS RADIO SOUTH ASIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Panos Radio South Asia (PRSA)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios and an INGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO Box 13651, Sri Durbar Tole, Patan Dhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| prsa@panosradiosouthasia.org +977-1- 5521889, 5531447 +977-1- 5544641 www.panosradiosouthasia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Satish Jung Shahi Deputy Editor +977-1- 5521889, 5531447 satish@panossouthasia.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Panos Radio South Asia (PRSA) is an undertaking of Panos South Asia. In keeping with Panos South Asia’s mission to encourage and stimulate informed public debate on key developmental issues in South Asia and to ensure the effective flow of information from media in the south to the north and vice versa, Panos Radio South Asia produces radio programmes to be distributed via the internet and Interworld Radio (www.  interworldradio.org).  We currently produce a 15-minute radio magazine titled 'Panoscope' and 'Development Dilemmas', a nearly half- an-hour long radio discussion, that aims to capture the voices of poor and marginalized people in South Asia on general development issues including Panos South Asia’s five thematic areas - media pluralism, public health, conflict, environment and globalization.  Radio programmes produced by Panos Radio South Asia are free-for-use and can be downloaded via the internet by radio stations all around the world."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Aandhikhola"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station run by Cooperative organization Shree Aandhikhoka Sanchar Sahakari sastha Ltd.(Radio Aandhikhola)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Waling,Syangja,Nepal.  Gyangling, Waling, Nepal |details| aandhikholafmr@yahoo.com +977-063-440285 +977-063-440038 www.RadioAandhikhola.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Deen Bandhu Parajuli Member +977-9803044962 bandhudp@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "November, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Educational programme Awareness programme Entertainment programme Educational programme 20 % Awareness programme 15 % Entertainment programme 40 % Other 25 %"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hrs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Hindi, Magar, Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Syangja and surrounding district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female: 6; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female: 4; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female: 1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "12 (Female: 5 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 11 (Female:3; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Kumal and Majhi"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO ABC, FM 89.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Thula chowk, Banepa-10, Kavre, Nepal |details| abcradio@ntc.net.np +977-11-663399 +977-11-660360 www.abcradio.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Madhusudhan Guragain Director +977-98510-16465 mguragain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio ABC is an undertaking of Chetana Nepal (a registered Media NGO who owns the broadcast licence of the Radio ABC). This Radio aims to help propagate information at the community level in order to promote education, democracy, sustainable development, human rights and other national issues through participatory communication. It is essential that communities deal with national issues in a local platform with local language and setting in order to bring about ownership and involvement in those issues.  The vision of Radio ABC is to help communities develop and manage area-specific communication programs. Such programs would provide a forum for communities to discuss issues and opinions in a regional setting and style. This, in effect, would provide a two-way communication medium, by giving communities a voice into national-level matters. This means of information sharing and participatory communication will help promote advocacy on various development issues, which community otherwise would be detached from. The establishment of Radio ABC could introduce a wide range of cultural, social and educational programs.  Moreover, the stations would allow the dissemination of local news, as well as providing a connection with nation-wide programs, effectively linking these communities to the rest of the world. Programs such as distant education, political debates, and local entertainment are now possible with the introduction of the stations."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours from 0500 hours to 2200 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Danuwar, Pahari, Bhojpuri"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "6 districts of mid-hills of Nepal"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 incl. Volunteers (Female = 16; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 incl. Volunteers (Female = 7; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3) By laws Radio Code of Conducts Program Guidelines Style Book All the above are in Nepali language Informative (Farmer led programs) Infotainment Educational Entertainment Local Language"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Local and ethnic farming communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "None"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Baglung"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box Number 11, Baglung Municipality-2, Majhkot, Baglung. Nepal |details| info@radiobaglung.org, baglungfm@gmail.com +977-68-522166/522165 +977-068-521176 www.radiobaglung.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gyanendra Gautam Station Manager 9857620035 info@radiobaglung.org, baglungfm@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Our main activity is to empower people through radio programs. We produce developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical programs and debate at the local and national level.  Radio Baglung intends to play a significant role in the development of its community. It broadcasts programs for the development of its area and to raise awareness among the community people on developmental issues, reaching out to marginalized people and highlighting socio-economic, political, and cultural issues."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours & 30 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " News - 4 hours & 30 minutes Current affairs-  2 hours Developmental-  1 hour Entertainment-  3 hours musical- 6 hours Programmes about climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction are also broadcasted."
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Baglung FM broadcast only in Nepali language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts and main focus areas are Baglung, Parvat, Myagdi & Mustang districts."
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 30 (Female: 13; Male: 17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female: 7; Male: 9 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (Female: 3; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female: 5 ; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The geographically disadvantaged people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "District development office, Municipality, Health Office, Agriculture office, ACORAB, NEFEJ, Search For Common Ground, Chemonics International Nepal, Antenna Foundation Nepal, Equal Access Nepal etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BHERI AWAZ"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RESEARCH CENTRE FOR HUMANISM (Radio Bheri Awaz 95.6 MHz)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "District Post Office 10- Banke, Karkando-5, Nepalganj, Nepal |details| reach2056@yahoo.com + 977-81-551017/550392 + 977-81-551017"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Tara Khanal Chairperson + 977-81-551017/9848021873 reach2056@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Promote awareness, empowerment and gender equity programmes.  To provide professional training to teachers and media activists."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Abadhi, Tharu, Urdu, Magar, English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "750,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "31 (Female = 17; Male =14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 8; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Abadhi, Tharu and Magar communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA/HUGOU"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BHERI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO BHERI FM 98.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Ghantaghar line, Surkhet, Birendranagar, Nepal |details| radiobheri@yahoo.com + 977-83-522445 + 977- 83-523445"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| TNarayan Kumar Koirala Station Manager + 977-83-521637 and + 977-9858050011 narayan.bheri@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Bheri established by Bheri Multipurpose Co-operative Organization Ltd is not yet involved in financial activities.  We are involved in media through community radio, i.e.  Radio Bheri FM.  We plan to start small hydropower project at the local community level.  We are implementing a project for a cooperative school."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 April 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, music, good governance, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 Hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Magar, Tharu and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "24 districts of mid and far western region"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "21 (Female = 6; Male = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female = 6; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Nepali, Tharu and Doteli community Donors supporingt the radio station Community Radio Support Centre, HUGOU/DANIDA, USAID and British Embassy"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BUDDHAAWAAZ"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Buddhaawaaz 89.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Community Radio Buddhaawaaz 89.6 MHz, Banganga 8 Kapilvastu, Lumbini, Nepal |details| Website:  buddhaawaazfm@gmail.com +977-76-550181 + 977-76-550181 www.buddhaawaaz.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bhesh Raj Pandey Station Manager +977-9747042231/9847040184 pbheshraj@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2008 "
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours daily "
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Broadcasting news Programme Social message Entertainment programme Radio magazine Radio report Development 2:30 hour Entertainment 2 hours Educational 1.30 hours News & current affairs 4 hours Musical 3 hours Advertisement 3 hours Others 1 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "21 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Awadhi, Hindi, Tharu, Magar and Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.9 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 31 (Female: 19 Male: 12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female: 6 Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "11 (Female:7 Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "15 (Female: 2 Male:13)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO CHINNAMASTA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Social Youth Service Centre - Radio Chhinnamasta"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No: 07, Main Road, Rajbiraj, Nepal |details| Website:  Chhinnamastafm@yahoo.com +977-31-521488/+9779842820584 +977-31-523097 www.radiocfm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Shiva Pratap Shah Station Manager +9779842820584/+9779804708304 shah_shiva@yahoo.com, shah.shiva@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14 February 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Maithili, Nepali, Hindi,T haru, Bhojpuri and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 Kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 22 (Female = 7; Male =15 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female =3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female =1 ; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 2; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 1; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Voiceless people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "ACORAB, Equal Access, Antenna Foundation, BBC World Service Trust, Communication Corner, Search For Common Ground, Naya Sansar , HUCODAN/MTCMP etc..."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO CHITWAN 94.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Chitwan Community Communication Cooperative Limited - Radio Chitwan 94.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Chitwan, Ratnanagar, Tadi-2, Chitwan, Nepal"
            },
            {
                "contact": " |details2| + 977-56-562567/693050 + 977-56-562566 Narayan Bun Chairman + 977- 9845056956 "
            },
            {
                "activity": "To air entertainment and news program for the community"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Entertainment and news"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Chepang, Tharu and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "12 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "4 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female =10; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female =10 male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO DEUKHURI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Deukhuri 105.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting with its own Community Radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Chailahi Cooperative Ltd, Chailahi-2, Lamahi, Deukhuri, Dang, Nepal |details| radiodeukhuri@yahoo.com +977-82-540019, +977-1-4247185 +977-82-540019, +977-1-4247185"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Murari Kumar Sharma Chairperson +977-9841081020 murarikumar99@yahoo.com, dearmurari@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The radio is managed by the NGO – Rural community Development Service Council (“RCDSC”) which runs programmes on reproductive health, poverty alleviation, communication disaster management and currently it is helping the constitution building process in Mahottari district of Nepal.  Details of VDC- level radio listeners’ group No. of Total Ahir/ VDCs groups Female Male No. Dalit Tharu Kumal Yadav Gupta Magar Female Musalman Chailahi 13 401 386 787 2 5 - - 2 6 Rajpur 11 356 343 699 1 - 1 6 – – 1 – Gobadiha 13 395 455 860 – 4 – 3 – 1 3 – Ganga 11 317 354 671 – 6 1 2 – – 5 – Paraspur Koilabas 5 128 130 258 2 – – – – – – 2 Lalmatiya 11 329 360 689 – 3 1 – – 1 5 – Sisaniya 13 378 441 819 – 9 1 – 1 – 3 – Sonpur 13 395 430 825 4 4 – – – – 6 – Satbariya 13 417 426 843 2 8 – – – 2 3 – Bela 14 425 450 875 4 2 – 1 – – 4 – Gadhawa 14 422 416 738 2 4 1 2 1 1 4 – 131 3962 4091 8053 14 45 5 14 2 7 40 2 169The achievements of the Radio Listeners’ Groups as follows Communal harmony, Problem identification of their and ways of solving them, Consciousness is growing among the local communities about their duties and rights, A strong feeling of ownership of radio is growing, Involvement of local communities in social and development activities rising, Local communities are now grasping opportunities of career development, Local communities have been sustainable peace, Lingual, cultural and religiously diverse communities have been uniting for society’s development, Marginalized communities have been involved in the process of social transformation, Youths of local communities have been familiar with techniques and equipments of radio program production, Involvement of local communities in the mass media, Unemployed youths of local communities have been engaged in production."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Radio Deukhuri produce and broadcast two women related radio programs. A thirty minute programme is broadcasted daily and an hour’s programme is broadcasted weekly."
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Maithili, Hindi, Nepali and Bhojpuri"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "11 VDC of Deukhuri valley of Dang district, West part of Banke, east part of Pyuthan, Arghakhanchi, Kapilbastu and in south some parts of India (Tulsipur)."
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximated about 7,50,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 9 (Female: 4 ; Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female: 3; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "9 (Female: 5; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Tharu, Yadav and dalits community"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Plan Nepal, Search for Common Ground, Antenna Foundation, AEPC, Ministry of Health and Education, forest, ACORAB, USAID, Equal Access and World view Nepal."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Didbahini"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pragati Chowk, Kushma, Nepal |details| didibahini2009@gmail.com, radio.didibahini@gmail.com rcdsc@ntc.net.np + 977-067-421198/ 421199 + 977-067-421199 www.radiodidibahini.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Yojana Sharma Station Manager + 977-9857621655 / 9847637429 joy.dfm@gmail.com, yoz-25155@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Our radio is a community radio run by all women only.  We are broadcasting numerous women oriented program daily from radio and performing stage program as per the occasion.  This is our second year of establishment and the radio is striving to improve the awareness amongst women and working for their empowerment.  Not only for women, but the radio is broadcasting lots of program about awareness, political issues and is youth oriented."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "March, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours from 5 am to 11 pm"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc and we give priority to current affairs like climate change and natural disaster"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Our radio is for women and by women"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, English and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 21 districts"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 15 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Women"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Acorab is supporting us to some extend"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GANDAKI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Communication Centre Radio Gandaki 90.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Nayabazar, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiogandaki@yahoo.com + 977-61-527103 + 977-61-527105"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Laxman Gurung Chairperson + 977-61-527103 pradipfreedomforum@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Gandaki is a NGO, operated through public and community share. It airs news, programmes on social consciousness, targeting the disadvantaged, ethnic groups, dalits, women and children."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News programme, education and social consciousness programmes"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, English, Gurung, Magar, Tamang, Thakali, Newari etc"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 30 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 15 million people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female = 9; male = 17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 (Female = 6; male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Disadvantaged people, dalits, women and children"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GORKHA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "orkha Bikas Tatha Sanchar Kendra Radio Gorkha FM 92.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Prithivi Narayan Municipality-4, Satipira, Maidan, Gorkha Nepal |details| gorkhadiary@gmail.com + 977-64-421333/420727 + 977-64-420727"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Kishor Jung Thapa Station Manager + 977-64-421333/ 9746009600 kishor94_64@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17.30 hrs"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Magar and Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "14 districts in western Nepal as well as Dhading, Nawalparasi, Chitwan, Makwanpur, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 -3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "32 (Female = 12; male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Local citizens"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GURUBABA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Gurubaba FM 106.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bansgadhi, Bardiya, Nepal |details| Websites: fmgurbaba@gmail.com + 977-81-620223 www.gurbabafm.or"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Puspa Chaudhary Station Manager +977-81-620222 and +977- 9848029718 fmgurbaba@gmail.com, puspagurbaba@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Gurbaba FM, located at Bansgadhi Bardiya, is a community radio that was launched by Ancient Creative Tribute Society. The main purpose of the radio is to create access to media and enhance inclusion in social, economic and political sector for marginalized indigenous, Dalit and women. The radio got license on 18 magh, 2006 from Ministry of Information and Technology, Nepal and started broadcasting from 26-6-2008 Though, the main language it broadcasts in is Tharu, but 50 percent time of broadcasting is provided to Nepali and Raji language."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Jun, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "11 and half hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "25 percent relay of network broadcasting from Kathmandu, 25 percent entertainment programs and 50 percent news, informative and educational programs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "40 minute per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu, Nepali and Raji"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Bardiya and Banke districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female: 4 ; Male: 14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female: 2; Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2(Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female: 2 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:2 ; Male:5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO JAGARAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Jagaran 93.6 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Butwal, Nepal |details| Websites: radiojagaran@gmail.com + 977-71-437051 +977-71-437906 www.jagaranmedia.org.np www.jagaranfm.blogspot.com www.radiojagaran.clickonlinemedia.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shivaji Gayak Station Manager +977- 9847120840 sjigayak@gmail.com, shivajigayak@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our organization is a nongovernmental organisation (NGO) addressing issues related to the local community especially the dalits (untouchable caste).  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours per day  [ 5 am to 11 pm ]"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Jagaran Smarika [ Annually Published ] Calendar [ Annual ] Jagaran Bulletin [ published every second month ] Sambidhan Nirmanma Janta [one time publication]"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Weekly broadcasting program (in hour): Right based, awareness, informative and educational - 31 hours Infotainment - 32 hours Entertainment - 42 hours News  - 21 hours Total  126 hours"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": " Specific programs related to climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction Campaign Against Discrimination (Dalits, Women, Muslim, Madheshi, Janajati, Third Gender) Media Campaign against the effect and reduction of climate change Agriculture and animal husbandry 16 days long campaign against the violence on women Media Awareness Campaign against AIDS Campaign against the misuse of drugs & it’s illegal carriages World breast feeding week International Environment Day International Tobacco Day Religious days & various Nepali festivals"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour [Sajha Aawaj – Equal Voice & Aaja ka Nari – Today’s Women ]"
            },
            {
                "langs": "5 local languages [ Gurung, Magar, Tharu, Bhojpuri & Nepali khas]"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rupandehi, Kapilvastu, Nawalparasi, Arghakhanchi, Dang, and Chitwan Palpa,"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 Millions]"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 27 ( Female:10, Male:17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 2, Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1, Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female: 5, Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": ""
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dalit community [Untouchable caste]"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Support for establishment was provided by: Embassy of Finland in Nepal, Swiss Development Corporation Nepal, Action Aid Nepal.  Board Total : 9, [ Female:2, Male: 7] Station Manager – 1 male"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO KAILASH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Kailash 103.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station - Radio Gandaki 90.2 MHz."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Simkot-2, Humla, Karnali Zone, Nepal |details| Websites:  radiokailash103.4@gmail.com +977-87-680166, +977-87-680059 +977-87-680059 www.sidc-humla.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Jiwan Bahadur Shahi President +977-9851042576 jiwanshahi@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Communication, Production and Broadcasting Social Mobilization Infrastructure Saving Credit and mobilization Empowerment and Sustainable Development Good governance Specific programs related to One half an hour programme per day climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 26, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hour per day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: 1:30 Entertainment: 2 Educational 0:30 News and current affairs: 3:30 Musical: 2 hours "
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and News in Bhote Kham language also"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 VDC out of 27 VDCs in the district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "35,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 10 (Female =5 ; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female =1; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female:1; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female:2 ; Male:9)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Bhote (Lama) community NEPAL RADIO KARNALI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Karnali FM 105.2MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 20842, Bijayanagar, Jumla, Nepal |details| minshahi@gmail.com, Rkfm105.2@gmail.com +977-87-520185/+977-1-5530344/ 5530279 +977-1-5549093 www.kirdarc.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Min Bahadur Shahi Chairperson +977-9851077623 minshahi@gmail.com mshshi@kirdarc.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Lack of communication network and negligible impact of national media in Karnali district - the least developed district of the country- led the local NGO Karnali Integrated Rural Development and Research Centre (KIRDARC) to establish the Community Radio Karnali FM 105.2 MHz in Jumla district for the first time in July, 2004. Radio Karnali is motivated by community well being and is purely operated in the community, for the community, about the community and by the community.  The main purpose of Radio Karnali FM is to give the community access to the means of communication and gives an opportunity to express them socially, politically and culturally. It provides up to date relevant information and also addresses contemporary issues such as promoting peace, democracy, human rights, good governance, and development, during the time of conflict and post conflict situation in the country.  Efforts at educating community especially children and women on safety issues through program on safety measures and awareness at the time of conflict were aired.  Radio Karnali also contributed and showed solidarity for the promotion of democracy (at the time of King Gyanendra’s autocratic rule), by airing programs that mobilized huge mass"
            },
            {
                "activity": "gatherings and protest rallies. This action lead to the closure of the station for few days due to programs aired against the King’s autocratic rule in April 2005.  Radio Karnali promoted the Constituent Assembly elections and encouraged active community participation to ensure that disadvantage community groups such as women, children, Dalits, indigenous and conflict affected people, internally displaced persons (IDPs), could speak and make their voices heard.  Though CA election was a success the community people are disappointed with the political parties and leaders who are fighting for power and ignoring people’s well being and delaying providing public services in Karnali region. The community wants to debate with their own leaders who were given the mandate to take their voices at the policy level to accomplish their basic needs. Therefore, at present it is very urgent for the local media and media workers to be united to fill this great gap between the community and leaders of political parties to debate on constitutional issues from community to central level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July, 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "9 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " 8 Developmental programs per day 3 Entertainment programs per day 2 Educational programs per day 9 news per day and 7 current affairs program per week"
            },
            {
                "whours": "24 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Khash -a local language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 VDC in Jumla, 2 VDC in Kalikot and 2 VDC in Dolpa and some parts of Jajarkot."
            },
            {
                "popl": "1,20,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts /FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "12 (Female: 4; Male: 8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male :2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female:2 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA/HUGOU, USAID/OTI, ACORAB, KIRDARC, EQUAL ACCESS."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO KRISHNASAR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Krishnasar FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Banke Nepal Post Box No. 70, Sirjanamarg, Nepalgunj, 16, Nepal |details| Website:  krishnasarfm@gmail.com +977-08-1527477, 527894, 527722 +977-08-1527477 www.krishnasarfm.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Tula Adhikari Station Chief +977-9858022240 adhikaritula@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Public Hearing Local Discussion Singing Completion Interaction Program on development issues Media research"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 August, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "50 % Informative/Education/ News/ Current affairs 50 % Entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Approximately 10 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Awadhi, Hindi, English, Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 District of Mid and Far West of Nepal"
            },
            {
                "popl": "30 lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2000"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female:7 ; Male:11)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 (Female: 5 ; Male: 7 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female:1 ; Male: 8 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Tharus, Madhesis, the poor and marginalised people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Community members"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO LOKTANTRA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Communication & Development Centre - Radio Loktantra 89.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sugam Tole, Dhading, Nepal |details| radioloktantra@gmail.com + 977-10-520279/520944 + 977-10-520209"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Deepak Koirala Station Manager + 977-9841517037 dkprabhar2003@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "With the belief that communication leads to social change and development our programmes focuses on creating awareness, promote advocacy and effective community communication."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Weekly 3-radio magazine"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Daily news in Kumal, Tamang and Magar (Chepang to go on-air very soon)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Dhading district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "400,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "3 (Female = 2; male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 2; male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Chepang, Kumal, Tamang and Magar ethnic groups"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Public and District Development Council- Dhading NEPAL Radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative Organization with interested in community broadcasting and operating community radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Manigram, Nepal |details| Websites: lumbinifm@mos.com.np +977-71-561003/561014 +977-71-561545 www.radiolumbini.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Krishna Prasad Nepal Chief Executive Officer +977-71- 561003"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Preparing, producing and broadcasting community oriented programs for empowering them and bringing about awareness.  List of publication related to community radio by the organization "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Quarterly published radio bulletin 'Shantipatra' where VDC budget / VDC activities, listener club activities, impact and effects of radio programs and other information are included.  Developmental: 115 minutes per week Entertainment: 270 minutes per day Educational: 155 minutes weekly through various program based on education.  News and current affairs: Broadcast news every hour Musical: 125 minutes per day We include issues related to climate change and natural disaster through news, interview and others related programmes."
            },
            {
                "whours": " "
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 districts 3 different programs around 150 minues per week targeting women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Bhojpuri, Gurung and Magar"
            },
            {
                "popl": "covered by the broadcast About ten lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2000 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 38 (Female: 14; Male: 24)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female: 7 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female: 1 ; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female: 2 ; Male: 2) Numbers of person in management level 11 (Female: 3 ; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Backwarrd and marginalized community like Mushar and Madhesi community."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Action Aid Nepal USAID.  Hossei University"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Madanpokhara"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Madanpokhara, V.D.C. Ward No. 9, Palpa, Nepal.  |details| madanpokharafm@ntc.net.np +977-75-521405 +977-75-520655 Websites:  www.community-radio-madanpokhara.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Gunakar Aryal Station Manager +977- 9847052842 gkaryal@yahoo.com "
            },
            {
                "activity": "It is a well established and first rural based community radio station in South Asia .It performs many field based activities focusing to strengthen local democracy. Under this theme, the objectives are increasing political representation, attempts to make the local government accountable and assist in peace building to bring about changes in the daily life of community people. To achieve these objectives, the following activities are undertaken: public hearing, settlement level planning, community score cards, social audit, service improvement activities related to agriculture, education and health.  regular broadcasting of additional radio programs including the successful stories related to all these activities.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "1998"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17:00 Hrs"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Weekly Data Radio program News & Current Affairs Educational Entertainment Developmental Total Internal hrs 21:35 27:35 34:00 7:00 90:10 % 18.08 23.12 28.57 5.88 75.86 external hrs % 18:20 15.43 9:00 7.56 00 00 1:30 1.09 28:50 24. 14 Total hrs 39:55 36:35 34:00 8:30 119:00 % 33.51 30.68 28.57 6.97 100 Some economic and social radio programmes like agriculture, social customs broadcasted have played crucial role to reduce poverty."
            },
            {
                "whours": " 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Magar, Nepali and Newari"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Approximate 20 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 21 (Female:10; Male:11 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female:7; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "42 (Female:11; Male:31)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "21 (Female:6; Male:15)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Magars and marginalised people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO in the initial phase"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "'Boli' Annual publication 'Sangi ko Aawaz' related to listeners club .  Writes up & features in different daily papers & magazines."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Madhyapaschim"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Madhyapaschim 91.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Shahid Umesh Marg, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal |details| rmpoffice.dang@gmail.com +977-82-560854/561590 +977-82-560916 Websites:  www.radiomp.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Madhav Prashad Sharma President / Station Manager +977-9857830461 rmpoffice.dang@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Being a community radio station we collect news from Village Development Councils (VDCs) and air them on a weekly basis and fulfil our main aim to provided information to the rural audience."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "September 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental - 4 hours per day Entertainment - 4 hours per day Educational - 2 hours per day News and current affairs -.8 hours per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali , Magar , Tharu, Abadhi and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "22 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 32 (Female:10; Male:22)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "24 (Female:9; Male:15)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "19 (Female: 7; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female:1; Male::10)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Marsyangdhi"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Marsyangdi 95 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Triveni Tole, Besishahar -2, Lamjung, Nepal |details| ccdc.lamjung@gmail.com, radiomarsyangdi95@gmail.com +977-66-520020/520547 www.radiomarsyangdi.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gam Prasad Gurung President +977-9741046136 gamprasad@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " To initiate dialogues at the local level on democratic processes, constituent assembly and social inclusion; To provide local communities with the right to information, broadcast to them in their own language; To act as a bridge between local authorities and the public for a two-way dialogue to help in the process of peace building; To empower and inform women, dalit communities, indigenous peoples, children, the disabled, and senior elders on their problems and their basic rights, and to help them for meaningful empowerment through special activities in their communities; To broadcast public-interest notices and information; To advocate and lobby for gender equality in communities and at different levels of decision-making, both in government and in the private sector."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14 April 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "1. News    5.15 Min 2. Current Affair   1.30 Min 3. Educational/Information/Health 3.30 Min 4. Entertainment/Musical  5.00 Min 5. Advertisement   1.45 Min Programmes on climate change and solar energy is broadcasted on a weekly basis."
            },
            {
                "whours": " I hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Gurung and Tamang"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Lamjung district and some parts of Tanahun, Gorkha, Kaski and Manang districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "350000 including Lamjung and surrounding districts"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female:8 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female:4; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "9 (Female:1; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "15 (Female:4; Male :11)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "No specific donors but we get support from ACORAB and BBC World trust for broadcasting programmes."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Namobuddha"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Namobuddha FM 106.7 MHZ"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio run by NGO Jugal Association Nepal(JAN)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No- 04, Araniko marga, Dhulikhel, Nepal |details| radionamobuddha@gmail.com, +977-11-490618 + 977-11-490619 www.radionamobuddha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Bhakta Syangtan Station Manager +977-9841465646 bsyangtan@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June,2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Broadcast per day 13 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Women broadcasted per week One hour a week (Two programmes of 30 minutes each)"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Tamang, Newar, Helmo, Danwar, Majhi, Jirel, Magar, Shrepa and Thami"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kavre district and surrounding 7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 21 (Female:11 ; Male: 10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "21 (Female :11; Male::10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female::1 ; Male:2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "13 (Female: 9 ; Male:4) Management level 9 (Female: 2 ; Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Danuwar, Majhi, Helmo and Jeral"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Free Voice Netherland and USAID"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO NUWAKOT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO NUWAKOT FM 106.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Kalayanpur 1 Aghighure, Bidur-2, Nuwakot, Nepal |details| radionuwakot@gmail.com, + 977-01-6916803 +977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shiva Prasad Neupane Chairman + 977-01-6916803 nuwakotfm@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "As a community radio station our main activity is to air radio programmes"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Nuwakot, Rasuwa"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female = 2; male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female = 3; male = 4))"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO PRABAT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO PRABAT FM 103.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phalebas-Khanigoun VDC-2, Prabat, Nepal |details|  moti333@ntc.net.np + 977-67-690393"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bhola Nath Sharma Chairperson + 977-9741-145688/ + 977-1-4431633 in Kathmandu lamsal05@ntc.net.np"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Gurung and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "11 (Female = 4; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 2; male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "ACORAB"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO PURBANCHAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Society of Sustainable Development (SSD) Radio Purbanchal FM 104.4"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Biratnagar- 16, Panchali, Morang, Nepal |details| radiopurbanchal@gmail.com, ssdbrt@gmail.com +977-21525205/21470192-193 +977-21471194 www.womenradio.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kamala Kadel Chairperson/Station Manager +977-9842023843 kadelkamala@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Purbanchal is the first community radio established by Society for Sustainable Development (SSD) which has been operating in 104.4 MHz from Biratnagar. It is first community radio of Nepal which is established and run by women. It is initiated under the leadership of women.  Radio Purbanchal is headed towards to build capacity of women, children, and community who is deprived of opportunities and to increase their access in media along with social, economical, political sector. It helps to create awareness on health, education, community development, of environment conservation and bio-diversity, human rights, good governance and natural disaster mitigation. It also focuses on identifying, protecting and promoting the use of traditional knowledge of indigenous communities as well as promotes the protection of local languages, literature and folk culture. Radio Purbanchal focuses on access to information and to eliminate all sorts of inequality and violence against women and children in society and is actively working on establishing gender equality society.  Publications related to community radio Hamro Chaso ( A Book of Radio Program)"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30 September, 2007."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Rajbansi, Santhali, Jhadad (Urab) and Maithali"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "18 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " 48 (Female) Educational 4.5 hour. weekly Developmental: 23 hour weekly Entertainment, 10.25 weekly News and current affairs: 17.92 hour weekly Musical : 14.33 hour weekly"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Women of the area"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sagarmatha"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Sagarmatha Post Box no. 6958, Kathmandu.,Bakhundol, Lalitpur,Nepal |details| stationmanager@radiosagarmatha.org, ghamaraj@radiosagarmatha.org +977 1 5542245/5528091 +977 1 5530227 www.radiosagarmatha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Ghama Raj Luitel Station Manager +977-9851027344 ghamaraj@radiosagarmatha.org, ghamarajl@gmail.com "
            },
            {
                "activity": " Radio Sagarmatha is run by Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (NGO).  This is the first independent community radio station in South Asia, mainly focused on advocacy for social change and social justice."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May, 1997"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental and educational 7 hours News and current affairs 3 hours Infotainment/musical 8 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": " By women more than 40 programme a week For women 2 hours a week."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Newar, Tamang, Maithali and Bhojpuri."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "16 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 Million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": " 1 Kilowatt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "38 (Female :16; Male: 22)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "22 (Female :9; Male:13)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "32 (Female:13 ; Male:17)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Kathmandu Valley"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Action Aid, Eco Himal, UNESCO, Water Aid Nepal, OXFAM, DANIDA, UNICEF etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SAILUNG"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sailung Community FM 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dolakha, Charighyang, Charikot, Nepal |details| rsailiung@gmail.com +977 49-421812 +977 49-421812"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Hom Pathak Executive Director 977-9741156690 hompathak@gmail.com, hom_pathak@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Types of program Development Entertainment Educational News Current affairs Musical Climate Change Poverty Reduction Duration per week (in hour) 19 hour 15 min 3 hour 20min 19 hour 20 min 31 hour 25 min 6 hour 12 hour 35 min 45 min 1 hour 30 min"
            },
            {
                "whours": "By women for 25 hours and for women 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Thami, Tamang, Jirel and Sherpa"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Widely listened to in Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok, Sindhuli, Khotang, Okhaldhunga, Solukhumbhu and Kavrepalanchok districts. Partly listened to in Dhanusha, Sarlahi, Siraha, Udayapur, Mahottari, Rautahat, Bhaktpur, Bhojpur and Sankhusabha districts."
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 5,00,000 population"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female = 7; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 2; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "hmmfld": " 14 ( Female = 2 ; Male = 14)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "11 (Female = 8; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BBC World Trust Service, Equal Access, USIP, ActionAid, Local NGOs, governmental Office and ACORAB."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SAMAGRA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Samagra 107.8 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting: Samagra Jan –Utthan Kendra (Radio Samagra 107.8 Mhz)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Naya Bazar, Lahan Municipality Ward No. 6, District Siraha Nepal |details| Websites:  radiosamagra@gmail.com, +977-33-560012 +977-33-561019 www.radiosamagra.info"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Sunil Kumar Sah President +977-9852830976 sunil.rights@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Maturities Rights Secure Program for Sustainable Peace funded by Support Nepal in 2009 to carry out for outputs had provided service to local communities .The project had organized Radio program production by community discussion, training regional level symposium and mobilization through networking between marginalized & minorities conducted organization. These activities of this project were implemented in local communities of Siraha, Saptari and Udaypur districts of Eastern Development Region of Nepal.  Peace Building Project in Terai funded by DED Nepal / Germany Development Service in 2007 to implement effectively for sustainable peace had provided services to local communities.  The project had organized human right and peace building training for army and police of Siraha, Saptari and Udaypur.  Mediation of conflict management initiative was one of the core activities of this project which envisioned social security and peacefully community specially in Terai. Activities of this project were carried out in Siraha and Saptari districts of Eastern Development Region of Nepal.  Security and Justice enhancing Project funded by USIP in 2009 to carry out for outputs had provided survey in security and justice situation of Siraha district .The project had organized survey for situation analysis of security and justice, interaction between Nepal police and citizen for relation reform in community level.  Youth & women leadership program for community Peace building funded by Search for common Ground, Nepal in Terai 4 districts Siraha, Saptary, Dhanusha & Mahotari."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Type   Total hours per day Development   2 Entertainment   3 Educational   2 News    2 Current Affairs   1 Musical    3 Human Rights & Peace Building 2 Youth Concern   2 Women domestic violence related 1 Total Hours   18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Maithili & English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Approximate 4 Districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 17 (Female : 9 , Male : 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 ( Female : 5, Male : 7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female : 5 , Male : 5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "8 (Female : 3 Male : 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Rural Youth & Women."
            },
            {
                "donors": "SFCG, USIP"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SARANGKOT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sarangkot Multi Purpose Co-Operative Ltd - Radio Sarangkot 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sarangkot VDC-9 Lamagaun, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiosarangkot@gmail.com, sarangkotfm@hotmail.com + 977-61-521628 + 977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Laxmi Narayan Devkota Station Manager + 977-98460-28060 sldevkota@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " As a community radio organisation, our radio programmes are focussed on agriculture.  As a cooperative organisation we are in process of running a banking service in the near future.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Gurung and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 (Female = 11; male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 8; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; male = 3"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Saryuganga"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Saryuganga, Tulsipur, Nepal |details| radiosaryuganga@gmail.com +97-82-521954 +97-82-521954"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Binod Giri Executive Sub-Director +97-9847822153 radiosaryuganga@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We are broadcasting program focusing on agriculture and Tharu community who are our target audience."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July, 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Development Entertainment Education News and Current affairs"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Tharu, Aaudhi and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "800,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female = 5; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female =3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "3 (Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Tharu comunity"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Supported locally by the community"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SARANGKOT 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sarangkot Multi Purpose Co-Operative Ltd - Radio Sarangkot 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sarangkot VDC-9 Lamagaun, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiosarangkot@gmail.com sarangkotfm@hotmail.com + 977-61-521628 + 977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Laxmi Narayan Devkota Station Manager + 977-98460-28060 sldevkota@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " As a community radio organisation, our radio programmes are focussed on agriculture.  As a cooperative organisation we are in process of running a banking service in the near future."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Gurung and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 (Female = 11; male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 8; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; male = 3)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Sisne"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sisne FM 93.2 MHz."
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Khalang-1, Rukum, Musikot, Nepal |details| radiosisnerukum@yahoo.com + 977-88-530153/ 530156/ 530171/ 680072 + 977-88-530153, + 977-88-530156"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| NARAYANKUMAR SHAH President & Station manager +97-9758501581, + 977088-530207 shahbabu.36@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We focus on human right and social services, advocacy etc for the community"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: Ji. Bi. Sa. GATIBIDHI  MAHILA AWAJ  DALIT AWAJ  GOVAR GUITHA  MITRATAKO KHOJI   30 minutes, 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes Entertainment: LOK SUSHELI  SANGGIT SANGALO  SNGGIT SARGAM  ABHINAYA DOT COM SISNE CHAUTARI  SUNAGABHA  BHOGAI GORETOKO  GAJAL BAHAR  BHUWA SAGAR   45 minutes 45 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 45 minutes 45 minutes 30 minutes Educational:  GYAN AMRITDHARA  SAHITTYA SIRJANA   30 minutes  30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "GYAN MANJARI  GAUN KHANE KATHA MAHILA SAWAL  BAL SAROKAR   45 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes News: SISNE BULATIN  SISNE SAMACHAR   40 minutes 1 hours Current affairs: ALEKH SANCHAR  PARDA BHITRAKA KURA KACHAHARI  SISNE SAMVAD   30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes Climate change: PARIWARTAN   30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Magar kham"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rukum, Rolpa, Salyan, Jajarkot, Surkhet, Dolpa, Dailekh, Baglung districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Above 600,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female = 5; Male =8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =2; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 Female = 2; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 2; Male = 5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Solu FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO Box 5408, Kathmandu, Radio Station's address: Dorpu Bazar, Solukhumbu, Nepal |details| Website: solufm@gmai.com, solufm@ysc.org.np +977-38520016 +977-38520312 www.solufm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ngima Pakhrin Chairperson +977-9741060909 pakhrin69@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community mobilisation through radio broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc.  214"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tamang, Sherpa, Bantawa, Khaling and Kulung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Whole area of Solukhumbu district and some neighbouring districts also."
            },
            {
                "popl": "Over 100,000 people."
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40% female and 60% male"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 40% female and 60% male"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"People of Solukhumbu district"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Tamur"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tamor 102 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dokhu VDC Ward No.9 Taplejung, Helipad, Fungling, Nepal |details| Website:  radiotamortpj@gmail.com +977-24-4-60564/60565 +977-24-460565 www.radiotamor.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Sajan Paudel Station manager +977-9852680875 paudelsajan@gmai.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "January, 1998"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": " "
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Limbu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts "
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "10 (Female = 3; Male =7 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =2; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 5; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female = 4; Male = 5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tanahun"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Mill danda, Khairenitar, Nepal |details| Website:  radiotanahun@pinet.com.np +977-65-570897 +977-65-570897 www.radiotanahun.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Ramesh Paudel Station Manager +977-9846215422 radioramesh@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "13 December 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "28 programs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Magar and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "About 17 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female = 8; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =5; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 2; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 members"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Local community believing on the principle of communication for social change & development"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO TRIYUGA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "uchan Tatha Sanchar Sahakari Sanstha Ltd - Radio Triyuga 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "ooperative organization broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "District Post Office, Gaighat Udaypur, Bokse Barhgare Nayabasti, Triyuga Municipality, Nepal with interest in community |details| triyuga_fm@yahoo.com + 977-35-420767/690675 + 977-35-420767"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kaushal Chemjong Station Manager (Member of Executive Committee) +977-9842825162/+ 977-35-420190 chemjongk@yahoo.com, chem.kaushal@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " To create awareness among rural people for strengthening democracy Help solve local development problems through media"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "11 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 programme of 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu and Maithili"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "19 (Female = 7; male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female = 7; male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 2; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Mushar and Danuwar communities"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tulsipur"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Tulsipur 5, Dang, Nepal |details| Websites: radiotulsipur@gmail.com +977-82521036/82521508/82520179 + 977-35-420767 www.radiotulsipur.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arjun Giri Station-Manager 09779741114807/9857820166 radiotulsipur@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Rapti Commutation Service is a NGO and our activities are focussed towards health campaign, development, education and peace building process through community radio."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Hindi, Aawadhi and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "22 (Female = 3; Male = 19)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female =2; Male = 14)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Male )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "14 (Female = 2; Male = 12)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Waling 89.2"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bhakunde 2, Ward No 2, Waling Municipality, Syangja DistrictNepal |details| Websites: radiowaling@yahoo.com, info@radiowaling.org +977-63-440580 +977-63-440580 www.radiowaling.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Guman Singh Rana Managing Director +977-98560 27868 gumanidork@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community Radio Waling 89.2 MHz (CRW) is a community based FM radio. It is a non-profit entity established by the NGO - AGECO Nepal, with a mission to promote organic agriculture for protection of environment and ecological conservation.  With a belief that organic farming will be a vital step from the local level for maintaining ecological balance, we encourage farmers in the villages through innovative informative programs.  We also help the local organic product of the area to tap the global market which helps the farmers increase their earnings.  Radio programs are aired to contribute towards transforming Waling municipality and the adjoining area into a clean, green and colorful region by the active participation and co-operation of local administration, local people and all concerned - local, national and international organizations - in an attempt to strengthen unity and harmony among different cultures, religions, ethnic groups, castes, classes and genders, it also broadcasts programs in support of pluralism and diversity. The FM radio also includes various other awareness and edutainment programmes.  Community Radio Waling 89.2 MHz plays a vital role in:- Increasing awareness in organic agriculture, ecology, environment and sanitation.  Development of community by scientific research based organic farming and tapping the global market.  Reaching out to the grassroots level for implementing programs for cleanliness and conservation of nature.  Strengthening communication capacities to increase local people's participation in the communication process.  Raising voice for Nepal's pluralism and diversity.  Encouraging free flow of information at local level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "January, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Magar and Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts Agriculture  Ecology and environment Local news  National news  Traffic news  Program for women Current affairs  Local governance  Educational  Musical entertainment Vivid programs  3 hours 2 hours 1 hour 3 hours 30 minutes 30 minutes 1 hour 1 hour 2 hour 2 hours 30 minutes 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 400,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female:8, Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female:5; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:2 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female: 1 ; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Farmers of the area"
            },
            {
                "donors": " District Development Council, Syangja Waling Municipality, Waling Syangja District Livestock Office, Syangja District Agriculture Development Office, Syangja"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Rautahat FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rautahat FM 90.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rautahat FM 90.8 MHz, Saraswati Sadan, Ward No. 5, Vidyapati Nagar, Gaur, Rautahat, Nepal |details| Websites: rrautahatfm@gmail.com +977 – 55 – 520015, 521366, 521395 +977 – 55 – 521365 http://www.rautahatfm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Utpal Mishra Vice President & Station Manager +977 – 9851016988, +977 – 9813254410 utpalmishra@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Advocating for the upliftment of under privileged Advocating women empowerment Promotion of social activities incorporating youths Creating awareness of basic human rights Organizing programs to let the voices of voiceless be heard Developmental – 3 hrs/week News and current affairs – 28 hrs/week Educational – 2 hrs/week Entertainment & musical – 70 hrs/week Children – 3 hrs/week Women – 14 hrs/week Miscellaneous – 6 hrs/week"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "6 March 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours during dry season and 24 hours during monsoons"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bajjika, Bhojpuri, Maithilee, Nepali, Urdu, Hindi and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 Sq Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 Million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female = 6 ; Male = 9 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Male = 3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female = 2 ; Male = 4 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 1 ; Male = 2 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 3 ; Male = 4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Madheshi"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RUPANDEHI FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "'SAVE THE ENVIRONMENT MOVEMENT' RUPANDEHI F.M.  102 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rupandehi F.M. 102 MHz, Narayanpath, Siddharthanagar -8, Nepal |details| Websites:  radiorup102@yahoo.com + 977-71-521002/521003/521006 + 977-71-520678 www.rupandehifm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Bishwa Prem Kafle / Dr. Ram Prasad Bashyal Managing Director/Chairman +977-71-521006/ + 977-9847030115 +977-71-520333/+977-9847055088 radiorup102@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Conduct different programmes to create awareness in the society about cleanliness and the benefit of environment preservation for ecological balance Conduct programmes including environmental debate, public awareness on health and sanitation, different social and cultural dialogue with participation of women, children, dalits, janajatis, and disabled people while providing sound entertainment to the public."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Bhojpuri, Gurung, Magar, Tharu and English."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 35 districts Environmental Health Child issues Educational including social issues for awareness creation Other informative programmes related to culture, economics, legal issues, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "7 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "51(Female = 13; male = 38)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "18 (Female = 7; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "8 (Female = 4; male =4)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Socially excluded groups (especially the illiterate & backward)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Samad FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Samad F.M. 102.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Lahan – 1, Siraha,Krishna Tole, Nepal |details| Websites: fm.samad.np@gmail.com +977-033-561007/033-693330 +977-033-561007 www.rupandehifm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jibachh Chaudhary Station Manager 0977-9841376703/0977-9743015743 jichaudhary@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Friends of Nature (FONA) is non-government and non-profit making NGOs. FONA was established in 2063/11/14 (B.S.) in Kathmandu. It’s main focus lies in nature conservation of Tarai area and child education.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "April, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours. (morning 5:30am to 10:00am) (day 2:00pm to 10:00 pm)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu, Maithali and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 kilometre Samad Radio Smarika – 2065 (B.S.) Samad Sandesh weekly News paper – 2066 (B.S.) Development :-  1:00 hours Entertainment :-  3:00 hours Educational :-  2:30 hours News :- 4:00 hours Current affairs :- 1:00 hours Musical :- 1:30 hours"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 20 (Female = 6 ; Male =14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =3; Male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 3; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dalit & Indigenous community, .House wives and children"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Radio Broadcasting area community."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sancharika Samuha"
            },
            {
                "type": "An NGO"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post box number 13293, Ekantakuna, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| Websites:  sancharika@wlink.com.np +977-1-5000519 +977-1-5551182 www.sancharika.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Babita Basnet President + 977-1-98510-75373 basnetbabita7@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Gender Training for media professionals (editors/publishers, reporters and writers) Publication of monthly 'Sancharika' Feature Service Basic Journalism/Feature Writing Training to Women Journalists Media Monitoring Media Campaign Interaction/Talk Programmes Radio Programme"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Saugaat FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO run Community Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Saugaat FM 103.6MHs, Dashrathchand Municipality 1 Gadi, Baitadi, Nepal |details| Websites: msbaitadi@yahoo.com +977-95-520515/ 520046/520512 +977-9-5520046 www.saugaatfmbaitadi.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jay Raj Bhatt Station Manager +977-095520046/9749527205/9741113856 jayraj.bhatt@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Saugaat is the first community radio F.M. from Baitadi district and our activities are: Developing awareness programs.  Programs on gender issue women empowerment, dalits, local self government, good governance, human right, legal issues development issue.  News broadcasts (local and national) Quiz and talk shows.  Programs on current affairs General interview and discussion on topic on local interest.  Program to promote local artists.  Training programs for the technicians and anchors of Saughat The radio station was established in July, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Health, education, agriculture entertainments programmes for women"
            },
            {
                "whours": "for 1 hour women broadcasted per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Baitadeli, Hindi and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Baitadi, Darchula, Bhajan, Dadeldhura and Doti in Nepal and one district in India"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female:3 ; Male:9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female: 1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:3 ; Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:3 ; Male : 4)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sumhatlung FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phidim 4 gadi, Panchthar, Nepal |details| Websites:  sewssfm@yahoo.com +977-2-4520262/ 4520263 +977-2- 4520263 www.sumhatlungfm.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bijay Bod Lawati Station Manager +977- 9742601581 / 9741060700 bijaybod@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Music - 20 hours News - 3.30 hours Development - 3 hours Education - 2 hours Language - 0.30 hours Political - 0.45 hours Culture - 0.45 hours Religious - 0.30 hours and Special program - 2 hours (special programmes are determined on the basis of time and situations.)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Limbu, Nepali, Magar, Tamang annd Majhi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 9 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts / FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 24 (Female = 8 ; Male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 6 ; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1 ; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 2 ; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "14 (Female = 3 ; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The local community to inform them and help to transform the society"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BBC WORLD TEDS and ACORAB"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Tikapur FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Tikapur, Nepal |details| tikapurfm101@gmail.com +977-9-1560625"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Yakindra Timilsina Station Manager +977-9749001795 ytimilsina@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "To inform audiences To provide radio service in nominal broadcasting charge to those who want to use radio To let the community have a voice through the radio To link radio with all people of the ocmunity irrespective of their caste, religion and language"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "March, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Items Daily Items Spritual program News Highlights News Bulletin Interview Educational program Musical Program Non stop songs Awarness massages Others Total Daily total time 1 6 7 2 30 minutes 30 minutes 150 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 4 90 minutes 150 minutes 90 times 90 minutes Notice, massages 150 minutes 14 Hour Time in percent 3.57 3.57 17.85 7.14 10.71 10.71 17.85 10.71 17.85 100 We also broadcast radio program HAMRO DHARTI (our earth) 2009-2010 supported by Nepal Federation Of Environment Journalist (NEFEJ) and SAMADHAN about natural disaster management and supported by CARE Nepal"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kailali, Bardia, Surkhet and Doti districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 7 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 12 (Female = 4; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female =2; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female =2 ; Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female =1 ; Male = 10)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Vijay FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Gaindakot VDC Ward No: 8, Nawalparasi, Nepal |details| Websites:  info@vijayafm.org.np +977-56-501403/ 501404/ 501405/ 501406 +977-56-501407 www.vijayafm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Mr. Bhumiraj Chapagain Station Manager +977-56-501403 brchapagain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Radio Content Production, Broadcasting and Distribution.  Vijaya FM produces different types of programmes like, informative, educative, entertaining and local language programmes on public interest.  Vijaya FM airs radio content from 4:00 AM to 11:00 PM everyday.  Vijaya FM produces and distributes radio content to other media on requirement.  Especial programmes on local and national issues and agendas Public Hearing Interaction Discussion Talk shows Reports, Case Studies, and live on especial functions and occasions Trainings Basic and advance Radio Journalism Anchoring Training Thematic trainings on News, Programme and Radio Technician Other occasional events Free Health Campaign Blood Donation Programme Especial Days celebration Vijaya FM Anniversary Day celebration on every 5th Bhadra.  Live on Different Religious Major Festivals, National events, Days and other occasional events.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "August 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Radio Souvenir 2010 Annual progress and financial reports Articles on radio movements Brochures Tariff Card Informative programme including news and current affair: 4 Hours and 50 minutes a day.  Educative Programme: 4 Hours and 30 minutes a day.  Entertaining Programme: 4 Hours Infotainment and edutainment programme: 5 Hours and 10 minute.  Local Language Programme: 30 minutes a day in average."
            },
            {
                "whours": "27 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Darai, Tharu, Magar, Tamang, Nepali and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Currently we are receiving letters, phones, SMS and information from more than 21 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 3 millions"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 28 (Female = 9 ; Male = 19 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "11 (Female 5=; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female = 1; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": ""
            },
            {
                "donors": "USAID, Action Aid Nepal and Danida etc.  Rural people and their issues Back-warded community like, Bote, Majhi, Mushar, Darai, Tharu, Magar etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAKISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Press Centre Shahrah Kamal Ataturk Karachi, Pakistan |details| ppf@pakistanpressfoundation.org +92-21-263-3215 +92-21-221-7069 www.pakistanpressfoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Owais Aslam Ali Secretary General +92-3333904411 owaisali@pakistanpressfoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Pakistan does not have community radio stations yet. Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF) therefore works with independent FM radio stations and the stations based in rural areas act as de facto community radio stations. PPF also works with campus radio stations.  Our two main activities include:- Training of personnel of radio stations Production of four news bulletins daily that are broadcast over fifteen radio stations in all parts of the country"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "“Community Radio Handbook” in Urdu"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAKISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Taraqee Foundation"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3, Arbab Town, Samungly Road Quetta, Pakistan |details| taraqee@taraqee.org +92-81-2829416 +92-81-2829091 www.taraqeefoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Amjad Rashid Chief Executive +92-333-7808630 amjadrshd@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Service Delivery Organisation in the area of health, micro credit, infrastructure, water management, education and child protection.  Advocacy for women empowerment, environment, human rights and good governance"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PALESTINE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Palestine News Network"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 737, Manger Street, Bethlehem, Palestine |details| fadi@pnn.ps +97-2599380789 +97-022766067/8 www.pnn.ps"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Fadi Abu Sada Director/Editor in Chief +97-2599380789 fadi@pnn.ps"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Palestine News Network PNN is the first community radio in Palestine in operation since June 2003."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Local news bulletins, women programs, children programs, morning community show"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Once a week there is a women’s program for an hour, and conducted by women as well"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Mainly in Arabic and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Since it is streaming broadcasting we use the local Palestinian radio stations that cover all of Palestine West Bank and Gaza Strip."
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "16 (Female = 6; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 4; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female = 1 ; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 2 ( Female = 1; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "All inhabitants of Palestine West Bank and Gaza Strip."
            },
            {
                "donors": "station EU, OSI, Inter News"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAPUA NEW GUINEA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Pacific Adventist University"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "2G 97.9FM at Pacific Adventist University"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pacific Adventist University, Private Mail Bag, BOROKO 111, National Capital District, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea |details| 2g@pau.ac.pg (+675) 3280200 / 3280389 (+675) 328 1257 www.pau.ac.pg"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Douglas Rinny Radio Coordinator (+675) 3280200 / 3280389 douglas.rinny@pau.ac.pg"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30th August 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Gospel Christian Music [50hrs/week] Educational (program for primary to secondary students) [10hrs/week] Bible Studies [20hrs/week] Community service announcements [1hrs/week]"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour/week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "English & Pidgin"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Over 240km 2"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Over 300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1 Kilo Watt, 97.9FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 8 (Female: 1 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "General (no specific community)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "station Central Papua Conference of the Seventh Day Adventist Church, PNG"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAPUA NEW GUINEA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "New Dawn FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "New Dawn FM Bougainville"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO BOX 49, Buka PNG, Katsinkuri Street, Buka, Papua New Guinea |details| tambolema@daltron.com.pg alaukai@hotmail.com +675 9739285/9480059/71915292 +675-9739285 www.bougainville.typepad.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Aloysius Laukai Manager +675- 71915292 alaukai@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We broadcast daily current affairs and news awareness on peace and reconciliations and economic development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "April 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, Current affairs, Musical, Educational"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Two hours of programme on women’s health issues every"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Pidgin and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "50km radius"
            },
            {
                "popl": "50,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "300 watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female: 10; Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female:6 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 4 (Female :2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The general population of Bougainville."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Training support by Commonwealth of Learning."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "International Association of Women in Radio & Television (IAWRT)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3/F GIF Medical Building, 510 C. Raymundo Avenue, Caniogan, Pasig City, Philippines |details| secretariat@iawrt.org/info@iawrt.org +632-470-8301; +63-917 536-9453 (mobile) +632-470-8301 www.iawrt.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Elizabeth Roxas Head, IAWRT Secretariat +632-470-8301; +63-917 536-9453 (mobile) secretariat@iawrt.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " The International Association of Women in Radio and Television (IAWRT), founded in 1951, is an international organization with a global membership of professional women actively engaged in the production and management of programs in the electronic media or in fields closely allied to broadcasting.  IAWRT members work in radio, television and closely allied fields. It is an organization of women who seek personal and professional contact with members in all continents of the world and cooperates with other professional organizations with comparable goals.  IAWRT arranges international conferences with workshops, screenings, lectures, training sessions and professional networking.  IAWRT holds regional meetings in different geographical areas IAWRT presents Awards of Excellence to publicly recognize programs that demonstrate the ability and creativity of women producers.  IAWRT publishes a Newsletter to provide information and to update members, individuals and institutions.  IAWRT has a study scholarship program for deserving members.  IAWRT maintains a website for information sharing, membership news, links to relevant sites, and a chance to see and hear clips of members’ programs"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Kodao Productions"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting, a production house serving community radios and a community radio production training and assistance provider"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "1, Maaralin Corner Matatag Street, Central District, Quezon City, Philippines |details| kodaophils@gmail.com +63-2-4262201 +63-2-4262201"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Raymund B. Villanueva Radio Cluster Chief +63-9189387030 gwapong_manunulat@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Kodao Productions is a multi-media production outfit that produces radio programmes and video productions; It provides technical, creative and operational assistance to community radios in the Philippines; It seeks to form a national network of community radio stations, broadcasters and advocates."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Isis International"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3, Marunong St., Barangay Central Quezon City, 1100, Philippines |details| bianca@isiswomen.org +63-2- 9281956 +63-2- 9241065 www.isiswomen.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details|  Bianca Miglioretto bianca@isiswomen.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Feminist communication organisation (all women’s organisation) Advocates women’s empowerment through access to communication Conducts training in radio productions skills, community radio management, computer skills, FOSS, video, gender, People’s Communication for Development, web-design, engendered peace journalism, engendered management of small and medium sized companies, understanding media, etc.  Publication of Women in Action (thrice a year) on special topics related to women and development, movement building and feminist advocacy in Asia and the Pacific and WE! (twice a month) News from the women’s and people’s movement in Asia Pacific.  Documentation and Resource Centre on the women’s and communication movement internationally with special focus on Asia-Pacific Advocacy and research for the right to communication for women and the use of communication tools such as community radio for sustainable development based on equality."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Women in Action (thrice a year) on special topics related to women and development, movement building and feminist advocacy in Asia and the Pacific WE! (twice a month) News from the women’s and people’s movement in Asia Pacific.  Our Website is a very important source of information on women and communication, including community radio training modules and many more.  Both publications occasionally contain information on community Radio, especially WE! publishes all about women and community radio."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radyo Sagada"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radyo Sagada, Poblacion, Sagada Mt. Province 2619, Philippines |details| radiosagada@gmail.com +63-999-999-1047"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mary U. Carling Station Manager- Ex-officio- Management Board +639398164485 mccarlmar@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "A non-government, non-profit media organization with a grassroots radio community assembly under the leadership of its Management Board. Radyo Sagada is Grassroots community media with community radio as main project; Engages in non-broadcast programs such as culture and art activities; Participates in other civic activities such as disaster management; environmental programs; Advocates Good Governance; women and children’s rights, Indigenous Peoples Rights; Rights and welfare of other sectors such as farmers; Environmental Protection and etc."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "The radio organization was established in February 2010 but the community radio was conceived in 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours of broadcast operation (6am-8pm)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News and current affairs- at least I hour in a day (20 minutes newscast and 20-40 minutes news commentary; Developmental Concerns – including poverty reduction (talk show) -1-2 hours daily; Occasional 1-2 hours developmental current affairs Music- 4-6 hours of varied music Drama- special / occasional"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Most of the broadcast program hosts are women; on women topic –at least once a week on regular basis; and occasional / special topic for talk show"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Local indigenous language – Kankanaey, local language – Ilokano and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "The radio reaches many villages in ten Municipalities in four Provinces of the Cordillera."
            },
            {
                "popl": "More then 30,000 (conservative estimate)"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "150 watts; 104.7 FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "All female staff- broadcast hosts and community coordinators"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "Based on need for production of special show : 40-60% range male-female proportion"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 to 2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "60% female; 40 % male"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 10 (Female : 6 ; Male: 4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Mainly, the community of Sagada- various groups and institution"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Miserior- Germany;Miva- Switzerland; the community and local government of Sagada; various NGOs"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "REPUBLIC OF KOREA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Iksan Public Media Centre"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box No. 570-974, Gemmy, Iksan Pubilc Media Center Sin-dong, Iksan, Jeonllabuk-do, South Korea |details| ismedia@gmail.com 82-10-4102-3497 82-63-833-0674 www.ismedia.or.kr"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Lee, Jin Heang Manager of Media Research Center 82-10-4102-3497 virus0406@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "A Local Public Media Center providing media education, screening, producing support, media research for citizens Publications related to community Gamnews an email letter published by community radio radio: producing group “Gamgamsosik” 4 times a year."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "COMMUNITY MULTIMEDIA CENTRE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Multimedia Centre, Kothmale"
            },
            {
                "type": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Community Multimedia Centre, Kothmale Riverside, Mawathura VIA Gampola, Sri Lanka |details| info@kothmale.org +94-812350421, + 94-812350422 http://www.kothmale.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sunil Wijesinghe Station Controller +94-812350421 info@kothmale.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Kothmale is a Community Multimedia Centre (CMC) that offers community access to ICTs, the internet and multimedia related training. The Kothmale Internet Listeners Club (KILC), a community-based organisation operates the telecentre with assistance from the ICTA and UNESCO. The local radio station caters to a local audience and is operated under the auspices of the state-owned Sri Lankan Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC).  Kothmale has initiated a number of innovations that seek to cater to the information needs of its rural audience including the radio-browsing format and mobile broadcasting via the etuktuk (www.etuktuk.net)."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "1989"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10-14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news, current affairs and musical"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Sinhala and Tamil"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "50km (100km)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "200,000 (~500,000) people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts (being upgraded to 1000w)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female =13; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 12; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "A variety of programmes caters to the specific needs of different communities including children, youth, women, mothers, farmers, students, Muslims and Indian Tamils."
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO, MJF Charitable Foundation."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Srilanka Community Radio Organisation"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "252/ 1, Galabadawatha, Athurugiriya, Sri Lanka |details| srilankacomradio@yahoo.com + 94-11-2563051"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Niranjan Udumalagala General Secretary +94-11-2563051 uniranjanlk@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Popularising the concept of community radio Build up a network of individuals and community radio organisations within the country and at the international level Organising workshops about community radio for NGO’s, trade unions, university students"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sripalee Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Campus Radio, Sri Palee Campus, University of Colombo, Wewala, Horana, Sri Lanka |details| Websites: pradeep@spc.cmb.ac.lk +94-342267267 www.campusradio.lk"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. Pradeep N’ Weerasinghe Project consultant + 94- 718607797 pnweera@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Sripalee Campus of University of Colombo, Sri Lanka has established a “Campus based Community Radio Station”- Campus Radio, with a view of incorporating theory into practice and providing community service. The Campus Community Radio station is experimenting the integration with web-based forms of radio broadcasting, podcasting and FM broadcasting.  The Campus station programmes are produced primarily by volunteers who are either students or members of the community at large. The training of professional broadcasters is its primary objective. The primary role of this station is to provide a training ground for students in broadcasting courses.  The station will also provide their audience with alternative programming. Alternative programes include music, especially campus music, not generally heard on commercial stations, in- depth spoken word programming and some formal educational programming.  The radio station was"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "31 March, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Development- one hour per day Entertainment- two hours per day Educational- One hour per day News- One hour per day Climate change- 30 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": " 23 hours by women and six hours for women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Sinhala and Tamil"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 8000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 50 watts and Webcasting"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 105 (Female = 85 ; Male = 20 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "105 (Female =85; Male =20 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male =02 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "105 (Female = 85 Male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female = 05 Male =06 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"University community and farmers"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IRQE Project"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "09, Dudley Senanayaka Mawatha, Cololmbo 08, Sri Lanka |details| Websites:  info@ldjf.org +94 117 547073 www.ldjf.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| M C Rasmin CEO/Director +94 773 66 75 30 Rasmin@ldjf.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Publications related to community radio by the organisation Be the collective voice of entire community media activists in Sri Lanka Conduct workshops, training and capacity building activities in the field of media for development Produce joint programmes and initiatives with respective community based media Conduct Research, consultancy, and monitoring and evaluation assignments in the related fields Involve in Advocacy and Networking Community radio in Sri Lankan: Challenges and opportunities (TAMIL) Internet platform for community broadcasting in Sri Lanka major threats and opportunities (Yet to print)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "VANUATU"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Association of Tafea"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "General Delivery, Isangel, Tanna Island, Vanuatu |details|  Gudfella@vanuatu.com.vu"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Nancy Joseph Station Coordinator"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Personal messaging Educational programming Local government information Sports Interviews Some music"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "About 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bislama, Lenakal, English, French and other village languages, which have priority over English and French"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20km in all directions"
            },
            {
                "popl": "15,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "All people are volunteers, no paid staff"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF and local sponsors"
            }
        ]
    ]
}{
    "directory": {
        "guide": "these are the field labels"
    },
    "list": [
        {
            "cntry": "Contry name"
        },
        {
            "field0": "(default same as field1 but to be used as the header of a record)"
        },
        {
            "orgname": "Name of the organization"
        },
        {
            "type": "Type of organization"
        },
        {
            "orgadrs": "Full address"
        },
        {
            "contact": "Contact person"
        },
        {
            "activity": "Activities of organization"
        },
        {
            "yearest": "Established on"
        },
        {
            "bcsthours": "Broadcast hours per day"
        },
        {
            "prgtype": "Types of programs broadcasted (per day)"
        },
        {
            "whours": "Total hours of programs by and (for women)"
        },
        {
            "langs": "Languages of broadcast"
        },
        {
            "cvrgarea": "Area coverage (approx)"
        },
        {
            "transpwr": "Transmission power"
        },
        {
            "numstaff": "Number of staff"
        },
        {
            "numprodstaff": "Number of production staff"
        },
        {
            "numtechstaff": "Number of technical staff"
        },
        {
            "numvols": "Number of volunteers"
        },
        {
            "nummgmt": "Number of persons at (management level)"
        },
        {
            "donors": "Donors that support the radio (stations)"
        },
        {
            "popl": "Approximate size of population"
        },
        {
            "targetcomm": "Specific community that the station targets to serve"
        },
        {
            "pubslist": "List of publications related to community radio"
        }
    ],
    "records": [
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Nai"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House # 99, Darulaman Mean Road, Kart E Sai Sherkat Bus Station, Kabul, Afghanistan |details| info@nai.org.af Abdul Mujeeb Khalvatgar Executive Director +93 774 409 923 info@nai.org.af, mujeebkhalvatgar@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Nai supporting Open Media is an Afghan Media Development NGO which works on the following areas: Providing Capacity Building opportunity for media industry through its institute, Nai Media Institute, www.nmi.edu.af and through its short term courses Media Advocacy, through its media watch department, and through research on media situation in Afghanistan, see the latest violation map at http://data.nai.org.af/"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Currently 8 hours but will increase the broadcasting hours in the near future"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Entertainment , Educational, News, Current affairs, Music, Women and youth, cultural programs, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "80% of programs are being produced by women and we have one hour program for women"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari and Pashto"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "30 Km"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "150 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female = 3, Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 3, Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 2, Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 5 (Female = 1, Male = 4)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO and Internews"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sahar"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station (women based)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 68 Mahbas St. First Avenue Herat City, Afghanistan |details| radiosahar@gmail.com +93-0-40231000/ +93-0-700408513 www.radiosahar.af"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Humaira Habib Director +93-0-700403602 habibhumaira@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Sahar is an independent women based community radio that is managed by women. This radio was inaugurated on October 28 2003 and began with broadcasting two hours daily with a staff comprising of four women. Radio Sahar was established by funds from IMPACS (Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society) with technical support from Internews and was the first community and women radio station established in Herat.  Today, it has become a full fledged station with over 13 hours of broadcasting and more than 15 employees. Currently, 100% of its expenses are provided by advertisement and public announcements. Out of necessity, Radio Sahar has moved a little towards commercialization. Otherwise its mission is promotion of awareness for women especially on social, political and cultural issues. For this reason, majority of Radio Sahar’s programs is educational. In addition Radio Sahar attempts to attract all local people for greater understanding and self assurance towards their society’s development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "28 October, 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Educational program 2 hours Developmental program 2 hours Entertainment and musical program 4 hours News 1 hour Social and women issues’ program 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "12 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari and Pashto"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "60-70 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "600 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female = 12, Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female = 7, Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Women and children"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sule Paigham Radio (Peace Massage Radio)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Near to UNAMA Office Project Area, Khost City, Afghanistan |details| z_angar@yahoo.com +93-799406167"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Zahid Shah Angar Director +93-799406167 z_angar@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "20 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "More than 45 programs in a week like news service, current affairs, development and rehabilitation, youth, agriculture, education, hum rights, people and government, women’s life, authority and listeners, round table, musical programs are broadcasted"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Peace Message Radio has special programs for women. After every 2 days there is broadcast of 2 hours programme for women following a roundtable discussion."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "In three province of Afghanistan people are able to receive the broadcast in Khost, Paktia, Paktika and in the border areas in Pashtonistan up to Parachinar, Sada, Hanogo and Kurama Egency a total of more than 400km radius"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2 transmitters broadcasting in 2 different frequencies 88.8FM (1000 watts) and 93.2FM (500 watts)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "31 (Female: 6; Male: 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "29 (Female :6; Male: 23)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female:2 ; Male : 4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 4"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Young generation and different strata of Afghan society."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Youth Voice (Saday-e-Jawan Radio)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Park-e-Mellat Herat University Herat, Afghanistan |details| youthradio2003@yahoo.com +93- 40-230800 www.youth-voice.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Youth Voice (Saday-e-Jawan) Herat University Campus Radio is popular among youth and young professionals in Afghanistan.  Based at Herat University, Saday-e-Jawn has built a reputation of excellence in journalism, plurality of sources, high standards of reporting and providing a voice to the audience.  Prof. Sayed Yahya Hazin Executive Director +93-700 41 9420 hazin_2005@yahoo.com The station started in 2003 with help from an international radio expert from Sayara Media & Communication, an Afghan NGO. It produced programmes by 50 journalism students and professors with the support of Sayara Media & Communication administrative staff. After 2007, Sayara Media & Communication cut off support from this radio and currently the radio station is run by journalism students in Herat.  Youth Voice Radio broadcasts 12 hours per day high quality content produced entirely at the Herat station. The population of the province has embraced Saday-e-Jawan as the most popular station for information, education, social affairs, and entertainment programs and above all for the service it provides the people."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "15 May 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "12 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Educational programs for youth, women and children Scientific programs for university students and Four daily news bulletins in local and international languages (Dari, Pashto and English)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Dari, Pashto and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "60-70 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "300 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "30 (Female = 15 ; Male = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "20 (Female = 7; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "10 (Female = 5 ; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "No volunteers as it is a campus radio for journalism students"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 7 (Female = 2 ; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Youths, women, young journalist and the educated people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Internews - Afghanistan, CITENA Group"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AFGHANISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Zohra Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Spinzar Factory Street, Next to Kabul border Kunduz city, Kunduz province Afghanistan |details| radiozohra@gmail.com, radio_zohra@yahoo.com +93-799374314"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details| Najia Khodayar Head of Radio Station +93-799374314 najia_khodayar@yahoo.com, radiozohra@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "8 March 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "The programs broadcasted are: Programs regarding women’s rights: 10 to 15 minutes Youth programs: 10 to 15 minutes Programs for children: 10 to 15 minutes News: Depends on the news Health programs: 10 to 15 minutes Information from worldwide programs: 10 minutes Law programs with judicial actors and local authorities for better understanding of law and human rights: 20 to 30 minutes Musical (people’s choice) program: 2 hours Special programs on special days such as 8 March Women’s day, 16 days of activism against gender based violence, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "60 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Pashto, Dari and Ozbek"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "All over Kunduz province including the districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 1 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "18"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 11; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "1"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 2 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Those community in the districts who are not aware of their rights"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IMPACS and Internews"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Australian Indigenous Communications Association"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO Box 4235, 1/15 Edgar Street, Ainslie ACT 2602 Canberra, Australia |details| patrick@aicainc.org.au +61-2 62628677 +61-2 62304456"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Patrick Malone Chief Executive Officer (CEO) +61-2 62628677 patrick@aicainc.org.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Australian Indigenous Communications Association Incorporated is a body that represents members of the National Indigenous Media and Communications Industry.  The Representative Association advocates for and formulates policy on behalf of this sector. During the 1980s and 1990s, enthusiastic Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in many parts of Australia, with the help of very limited ATSIC, DICTA and now DEWHA funding, established community based radio and television stations. As new technology became more widely accessible, we developed to the point where Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community organisations now own and control: Over 105 unique, small community radio and television broadcasting facilities (known as RIBS -Remote Indigenous Broadcasting Service) in remote communities 25 licensed community radio stations in regional and urban centres; Several community television services; One commercial radio service; One commercial television service; Many video-conference facilities; and Several community and commercial print and multi-media enterprises."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Broadcasting Association of Australia (CBAA)"
            },
            {
                "type": "National representative organisation for community broadcasters."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 564 Alexandria NSW, 1435 Level 3, 44-54 Botany Rd Alexandria, NSW 2042 Sydney, Australia |details| office@cbaa.org.au + 61-2- 9310 299 + 61-2- 9319 4545 www.cbaa.org.au, www.cbonline.org.au www.amrap.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details| Danny Chifley Admin Assistant + 61-2- 9310 2999 dchifley@cbaa.org.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The CBAA is the peak body for community radio and television stations. We provide leadership, advocacy and support for our members to actively provide independent broadcasting services and to build and strengthen local communities.  The CBAA is the national representative organisation for community broadcasters, both fully licensed stations and groups aspiring to hold a permanent licence.  The CBAA provides advice and support to community broadcasters regarding a variety of issues."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The CBX is the industry magazine for community media. The magazine is produced and published by the CBAA."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Broadcasting Foundation"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO Box 1354, Collingwood VIC 3066 144 George St, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia |details| info@cbf.com.au + 61- 3- 9419 8055 + 61-3-9419 8352 www.cbf.com.au"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Ian Stanistreet Executive Director + 61-3-9419 8055 exec@cbf.com.au"
            },
            {
                "activity": " The Community Broadcasting Foundation (CBF) is an independent non-profit funding agency that solicits and distributes funds for the maintenance and development of community broadcasting within Australia. The CBF cannot provide funding to organisations outside Australia or for purposes not associated with the maintenance and development of Australian community broadcasting.  The CBF is supported by the Australian Government.  CBF funding is provided for local Ethnic, Indigenous, and RPH programme production; national programme production, distribution and exchange; station infrastructure and operational support; training; national infrastructure development projects; sector coordination and research.  The Foundation operates with a small Secretariat and around forty volunteers who sit on grants advisory committees, project advisory groups and the Board of Directors."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " The Community Broadcasting Foundation publishes its annual report each November. It is mailed to stakeholders, grantees, community stations and broadcasting groups and distributed at sector conferences. It is also available online at www.cbf.com.au.  CBF Update, a monthly email newsletter that contains up- to-date information about the CBF's activities including grant opportunities.  The CBF funds the development of resources that assist the development of Australian community broadcasting. Many of the resources created are available for download from the Australian community broadcasting portal – www.  cbonline.org.au."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "AUSTRALIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Health Communication Resources Incorporated"
            },
            {
                "type": "Training Institute"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "1 Chapel Court Kingsley, Australia |details| hcrdropbox@gmail.com + 61-417912205 www.h-c-r.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ross James Director + 61- 417912205 hcrdropbox@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We provide training and consultancy to radio stations, health and social development agencies to effectively use community radio for health and social development. Our approach is through the framework of health promotion using five specific tasks of radio for programme schedules, features and CSAs."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Toolbox for Evaluation Training materials"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "org": "Alliance for cooperation and Legal Aid Bangladesh-ACLAB"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "8/13, Block-C, Tajmohal Road, Mohammadpur Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh |details| Tarikul -1964@yahoo.com +88-02-8129400 +88-02-811607 www.aclabbd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Syed Tarikul Islam Executive Officer +80- 01911349118 tarikul_1964@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "ACLAB is a National Level NGO. It has been working in the following focus issues with the disadvantaged and vulnerable people, particularly women and children.  Non-Formal Education for Rural Children, Adult and women.  Health, Nutrition and Population, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Malaria Control, Tobacco Control, Nutrition Safe Water & Sanitation, Arsenic Mitigation.  Women and Child protection and rehabilitation Low Cost Housing Project, Micro-credit Program, Legal Aid and Human Rights, Women and Child Trafficking Access to information and Technology Community Radio Program Disaster Management, Climate Change, and Environment"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is under process and will be started in August 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 3 hours and will be increased gradually."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "about 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female; 3 ; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40 (Female:20; Male:20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female: 3 ; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Indigenous people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "CIDA Canada (Partial one time)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication (BNNRC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box: 5095, Dhaka 1205, House: 13/1 Road 2 Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh |details| ceo@bnnrc.net +88-02-9130750 +88-02-9138501-105 www.bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AHM Bazlur Rahman-S21BR Chief Executive Officer +880-17-11881647 ceo@bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication (BNNRC) is a national networking body working for building a democratic society based on the principles of free flow of information, equitable & affordable access to Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) of remote & marginalized population. BNNRC is registered with NGO Affairs Bureau and Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, Government of Bangladesh as a network and established in 2000 as per Article 19 charter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.BNNRC is in special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.  BNNRC now strives for the following core interventions to contribute in achieving Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS), UN World Summit on the Information Society (UN WSIS) Action Plan and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) through: Right to information for ensuring improved livelihood of the marginalized ICT for Development for bridging the digital divide in rural areas & Community radio/community broadcasting for amplifying voices for the voiceless BNNRC’s outreach extends to local, national and international forums for communicating Knowledge for Development (KM4D). In this backdrop, communication is recognized as an essential human need and, therefore, as a basic human right.  Our working strategies are: Communicating on the Public Sphere: The role of communication and media in exercising democratic political participation in society Communicating Knowledge: The terms and means by which knowledge generated by society is communicated, or blocked, for use by different groups Civil Rights in Communication: The exercise of civil rights relating to the processes of communication in society & Cultural Rights in Communication: The communication of diverse cultures, cultural forms and identities at the individual and social levels."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Handbook on Community Radio: Voices for the voiceless- 2nd Edition MAP on Community Radio in Bangladesh National Baseline Survey report 2011-06-12 Directory of Community Radio in Bangladesh 60 FAQ on Community Radio in Bangladesh Booklet on Community Radio Installation, Broadcast and Operation Policy, 2008"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Centre for Media and Communication Studies (CMCS)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting: Centre for Media and Communication Studies (CMCS)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "12/6 Iqbal Road, First Floor, Block: A, Mohammadpur Dhaka, Bangladesh |details| contact@cmcsbd,org +880-2-9144389 http://www.cmcsbd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  AHM Bazlur Rahman-S21BR Director +880-2-9144389, +880-17-33401770 (Mobile) sohel.manzur@cmcsbd.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Research Training/Capacity building Advocacy/Awareness building Audio and video content development Media Survey"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Academy"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House: 13/1 Road 2, Shamoli, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh |details| ceo@bnnrc.net + 88029130750 + 88029138501 www.bnnrc.net/cra"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AHM Bazlur Rahman Head +880-29139750 ceo@bnnrc.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication has setup Community Radio Academy as one of its social enterprise to strengthen community radio operation in Bangladesh.  The major activities of the academy are: Capacity Building Research and Development Technical Cooperation List publications related to community radio Training Module for Community Radio Effective Station Management- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio Program and News Production- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio Technician – 5Days Training Module for Community Radio on Children and Women Rights- 5 days Training Module for Community Radio on Emergency Preparedness and response- 5 Days Training Module for Community Radio on Governance and corruption issues-5 days Training Module for Community Radio on Basic journalism skills- 5days Training Module for Community Radio on Content development- 5 days Dynamic Community Drama programming on issues of transparency and anti-corruption Episode Magazine Program for Community Radio on Youth Employability -8 Episode"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Environment Council Bangladesh (EC Bangladesh)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "EC Bangladesh, House-67, Block-KA Piciculture Housing Society, Shyamoli Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh |details| info@ecbangladesh.org +88-02-9120040, 9125028 +88-02-9125028 www.ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arif Sikder Executive Director +88-01711527193 nfo@ecbangladesh.org, sikder@ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "EC Bangladesh is a non-profit and non-political voluntary organization was legalized on 28th February 1994 through the registration with Social welfare Department and June, 28 1995 registered with the NGO Affairs Bureau Government of Bangladesh.  EC Bangladesh works with people whose lives are dominated by extreme poverty, illiteracy and other social needs. EC Bangladesh is committed to make its programs socially, financially and environmentally sustainable, using innovative methods and appropriate technologies. To this end, EC Bangladesh endeavors to bring about change the level of regional/local policy on poverty alleviation and social progress."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Bikrompur"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "EC Bangladesh, House- 67, Block-Ka, Piciculture Housing Society, Shyamoli, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh |details| info@ecbanglagdesh.org, sikder@ecbangladesh.org +88-02-9125028 www.ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arif Sikder Executive Director +880-01711527193 sikder@ecbangladesh.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "EC Bangladesh is a National Level NGO. It has been working in the following focus issues with the disadvantaged and vulnerable people, particularly women and children in Bangladesh.  Non-Formal Education for Rural Children, Adult and women.  Health and Nutrition, HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Malaria Control, Tobacco Control, etc.  Safe Water & Sanitation, Arsenic Mitigation.  Women and Child protection and rehabilitation Low Cost Housing Project, Micro-credit Program, Legal Aid and Human Rights, Women and Child Trafficking Access to information and Technology Community Radio Program Disaster Management, Climate Change and Environment"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is under process and will commence broadcasting in October 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 3 hours and will be increased gradually"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 7 (Female:3 ; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 3; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male :2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "35 (Female :15; Male: 20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female:2 ; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Indigenous people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RDRS Bangladesh"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "House 43, Road 10, Sector 6, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh |details| sabrina@rdrsbangla.net, rdrs@bangla.net +88 02 8954384-6 +88 02 8954391 www.rdrsbangla.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sabrina Sharmin Communications Coordinator +88 02 8954384-6 sabrina@rdrsbangla.net, sabrinabd6@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "RDRS Bangladesh is a long-established development organisation in Bangladesh, working for rural development especially in northern part of the country for about 40 years.  RDRS was established in 1972 by the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), Geneva; and later in 1997 it becomes a national NGO keeping tie with LWF. RDRS mainly provides its supports in the area of: Empowering the rural poor through federation Women’s Rights Education and training Community Health (mother & child health care, TB, Leprosy, HIV/AIDs, Eye care, water & Sanitation etc) Agriculture and environment Climate Change and Disaster Management Food security and nutrition Improving livelihoods of Char (sandbar island) people Empowering of Indigenous community and Microfinance.  Publications by organisations related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Test transmission done in September 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Initially 4 hrs (2 hrs new and 2 hrs echo) A brochure on RDRS activities on Community Radio (in Bangla)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Song (Folk song, country song, Rabindra sangeet, Nazrul geeti, Lalan geeti (film song,); Krishi o Jiban (agro-based prog); Monisha (women issue); Environment, climate change and disaster; Khas land/migration; Amra korbo joy (youth development); Economic development; Drama (different issues); Alo amar Alo (educational programme related to children); Ethnic/marginal livelihoods; Safolya gatha (local success story); Bigyan Chetona (science & technology); Samprotik aalap (talk show on advocacy issue); Ain Shiksha (law education); Special interview; Life sketch (story telling on great lives); News; Sustho deho sustho mon (health issue); Srishti Shukher Ullashe (local talent explore) etc."
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 to 700,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1(Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female =4 ; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 2; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The people who lives in remote Chars (sandbar islands) in river Brahmaputra"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Jhenuk"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "111, Pabahati Road, Pabahati, Jhenidah, Bangladesh |details| srizonybd@gmail.com +88 0451 63264-6 +88 0451 63346 www.srizonybd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. M. Harun or Rashid Executive Director +88 0451 63264-6 srizonybd@gmail.com, harun@srizonybd.org Publications related to community radio by the organisations Leaflet and Brochures"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours Programs broadcasted and duration Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, issue based program, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 upazilla (sub-districts)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "15,79490"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female = 02 ; Male = 02 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female =02; Male = 01"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male = 02 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "20 (Female = 08 ; Male = 12"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 03)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Women and children and their rights"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "type": "An NGO Proyas Manobik Unnayan Society with interest in community broadcasting by initiating Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Mohanonda, Proyas Manobik Unnayan Society, Belepukur, Chapai Nawabgonj - 6300, Bangladesh |details| hasib@proyas.org, proyasbd@gmail.com, info@proyas.or +88-01713248555 + 88-0781-51501 www.proyas.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  MD. HASIB HOSSAIN Executive Director + 88-01714029484 hasib@proyas.org, md.hasibhossain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Publications related to community radio by the organisations Proyas Socio Economic Development Program (PSEDP/Micro Finance Program) Community mobilization to end Violence Against Women Project (CMEVAWP) Expanding Provision of Essential Harm Reduction service for Injecting Drug Users (IDUs), GFATM Package 906 RCC Phase 1.  HR & Legal Awareness Education and Legal Assistance Program.  Harm Reduction Program, HIV/AIDS Intervention Service (HAIS) Under HNPSP, Package-15/1.  Disaster Management Income Generation Activity Program (IGA) Proyas Apiculture Program Enhancing Resources and Increasing Capacities of Poor Households towards elimination of their Poverty (ENRICH) Primary Health Care Proyas Folk Theatre Institute.  Community Radio.  Training Training Module on Community Learning Progra : How to make a community learning program and keep going to on- air from community radio.  Brochures on Radio Mohanonda"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It will be going on-air very soon (September/October 2011)."
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "will broadcast at first 4-6 hours per day.  field91: Developmental program: 45 min, Educational program: 45 min, Current affairs: 30 min, Musical: 4 hours."
            },
            {
                "whours": "About 2-3 hours "
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla (Standard & Local) and Aborigines (Sautal) language."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 Kilometer Radius"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female: 1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40 (Female:10 ; Male:30)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:2 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"People of Chapai Nawabgonj distract, 3 Union Porishod peoples of Godagari upazila & 1 Union Porishod peoples of Tanor upazila under nearest district of Rajshahi and 1 Union Porishod peoples of Nieamotpur upazila under atnearest district of Nouga.  NB: Union Porishod means local government grassroots tier of Bangladesh."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Japan Embassy of Bangladesh and Polli Karmo Shahauk Foundation, Bangladesh"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Padma"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Padma, Tasib Palace, Holding No. 418/1, Ward No. 25, Monafer Morh, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh |details| radiopadma@gmail.com +880 1556 317450 +880 721 751001 www.radiopadma.com (under construction)"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| G M Mourtoza Chief Coordinator +880 1715 137780 ccd@ccdbd.org, gm.mourtoza@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The key activities and working areas the organisation is as follows: Enhancing professional skills of media owners, managers and journalists Capacity building of local media and development organisations Building capacity and leadership of development and social activists Ensuring freedom of the press and journalists Advocating for right to information Developing alternative and citizens media for rise marginalize people’s voice Using ICTs for disseminate information and knowledge for empowering grassroots peoples Empowering women in media and development sectors Campaign for creating awareness on STD/HIV/AIDS, TB, safer sex, safe blood, drug abuse, gender, women & youth empowerment, human rights, youth rights, human trafficking, good governance, fair election, climate change and greet environment issues Capacity and leadership building of youth Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "22 April 2010 Training Manual on Radio Programs Production Handbook on Audio Editing"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "12 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, health, children, youth, women, indigenous and marginalized people related issues based programs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bengali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10 millions"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female = 05; Male = 08)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female 02=; Male = 07 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 01 ; Male = 02)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "28 (Female = 15 ; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 02; Male = 05)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Marginalized people, indigenous people, women, youth, children, students"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO and WACC"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mohasthan"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Mohasthan:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No-66, TMSS, Rangpur Road, Thengamara, Bogra, Bangladesh |details| TMSSES@gmail.com, + 88- 51-78975, 78569, 78563 + 88-51-78563 www.tmss-bd.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| MD. Kaiser Pervez Station Manager + 88- 051-78975, 78569, 78563 radiomohastan@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Activities To create awareness among rural people for strengthening democracy Help solve local development problems through media Participatory message development for radio episode production and broadcasting Networking with GOB, CBOs, NGOs and Local village councils Information disseminations To provide a platform to marginalized communities to raise their voices for their own socio-economic upliftment To provide guidance and need based knowledge or health in general with specific focus or reproductive health HIV/AIDS and communicable discuses Focused on social development, development or rural business, farmers, culture and the education Organizing women self help programs Micro-credit program for the slum community Protection and promotion of rights of child labors"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours (for the initial trial period)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Poliikontho, BRAC"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Pollikontho, Post Box No: 19, Shamshernagar Road Moulvibazar, Bangladesh |details| mehedi510@yahoo.com, +880 861 01711985510 +880 2 8813543 www.brac.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Anna Minj Director, Community Empowerment  Programme, BRAC +880 2 9881265 anna.m@brac.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "BRAC is a development organisation dedicated to the alleviation of poverty by empowering the poor to realise their potential and bring about positive change in their own lives.  BRAC services in areas of education, health care, social and economic empowerment, finance and enterprise development, human rights and legal aid, agriculture and food security, as well as environmental sustainability and disaster preparedness.  BRAC organise the poor, especially women, and provide platforms for them to come together, access services, exchange information, analyse and raise awareness on economic, social, legal, gender and other issues concerning their daily lives and their communities."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "It is in the process"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Planned for 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: 25 minutes entertainment: 30 minutes educational: 25 minutes news and current affairs: 20 minutes and musical: 20 minutes Total 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "105 minutes/week"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Bangla & local dialects"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "17 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "400,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female: 1, Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female: 5, Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female: 5, Male: 1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "Formation of Advisory Management Committee is under process."
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Especially Women and Children"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BRAC"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Southern Radio"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O. Kaligonj Bazar, BGF Centre, Rahamgonj Bakergonj,Barisal, Bangladesh"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details| b_forum92@yahoo.com + 880-1711243992 + 880-28712710 |details2|  MD.Shah Alam Howlader Executive Director +880- 1711243992 b_forum92@yahoo.com"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "BANGLADESH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Woman Media Center"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 497 488, Phnom Penh, Cambodia |details| fm102_wmc@online.com.kh + 855-21 22 61 + 855-22 35 97 www.wmc-cambodia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sotheary Meysan Production Manager-Chief of News Room + 855-12- 852 979 sotheary1005@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Women’s Media Center (WMC) is Cambodia’s premier non- governmental, non-profit media organization with a special focus on the roles and rights of Cambodian women.  In 1999, WMC launched its own radio station FM 102, which has become one of the nations leading radio stations. Along with the achievements of FM 102, WMC proudly boasts fully equipped video production studios and a dynamic advocacy network department. More than a decade since its inception, the Women’s Media Center has become one of the foremost providers of public service broadcasting in Cambodia.  WMC also disseminates audio-visual productions via Mobile Broadcasting Units to remote and rural villages across Cambodia, impacting villages that would otherwise not be exposed to infotainment campaigns due to a lack of signal coverage, electricity or finances. WMC is responsible for exposing villages to productions that can (and do) have a true impact on the quality of their daily lives."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "EAST TIMOR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Centre (CRC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Av. Bispo de Medeiros, Quintal Bo’ot Dili, Timor Leste |details| levaristosoares@hotmail.com + 670-723 78 90, +670-723 01 26 www.crc-tl.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Luis Evaristo dos Santos Soares Director + 670-723 78 90, +670-723 01 26 levaristosoares@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Programming Producing Training Networking and Technical support The key areas of support are training, provide assistance in the community radio for radio production including programming and management, technical support.  list publications by your organisations related to community radio • • • • • "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Dili station will be 12 hours a day while in the district 4-6 hours in a day"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Tetum, Indonesian language, Portuguese and local dialect"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Package program bridge to Japan-12 episode Decentralisation radio Program by UNDP-24 episode Election Radio Program Package Radio Drama Program Mother Health Protection Package Local News – daily basis – 10-15 minutes Children program – 30 min to 1 hour Musical – 1 hour Public announcement-5-10 minutes Educational -30 minutes Development – 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Woman program is running in a weekly basis running for 3-5 hours a week"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "8 to 12 stations"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 1,500-2,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "24 (Female = 16 ; Male =8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =6; Male = 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "24 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "12 (Female =4 ; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Normally in the district area the station will provide necessary assistance in delivering the information, ex : for teacher, community, agriculture, church and student"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF, UNDP and from government body"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "EAST TIMOR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Rakambia"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rua Kampung, Alor Dili, East Timor |details| radiorakambia@gmail.com +670 7243674"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Eurico Pereira Director +670 7243674 cximenes.pereira@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2000"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental 45 minute Entertainment 45 minute Educational 30 minute News 15 minute Current affairs 10 minute, Musical 60 minute"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 minute"
            },
            {
                "langs": " Tetum, Portuguese and Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "General driver, famers, youth and local market people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 W"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 8 (Female = 3; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female = 1; Male =2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male = 1 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "17 (Female = 10; Male =7 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female =2 ; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Youth’s and student also volunteer 10"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF for children program we do not have permanent donor"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "FIJI ISLANDS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "femLINKPACIFIC: MEDIA INITIATIVES FOR WOMEN"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station Any other (please specify): FemLINKPACIFIC coordinates a rural and regional media and policy network; community radio is one of our key community media platforms for advocacy"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O Box 2439, Government Buildings PO, Level 2, 193 Rodwell Road, Suva, Fiji Islands |details| Sharon@femlinkpacific.org.fj Peter@femlinkpacific.org.fj +6793310303 +6793307207 www.femlinkpacific.org.fj"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sharon Bhagwan Rolls Executive Director / Station Manager +6793310303/9244871"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 5, 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Currently we stage close to 160 hours a year as part of our women’s weekend broadcasts in the capital city and there are plans in place to extend our transmission time in Suva through the use of a computerised broadcast system. Two more community radio kits are being acquired to enhance the number of broadcasts staged in rural centres"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "fem’LINKPACIFIC’s innovative community radio initiative ‘fem’TALK 89.2FM’ has been operating since 2003, empowering and building the skills of young women broadcasters and opening space for Fiji women’s voices to be heard on key policy decisions. The ‘Generation Next’ team, consisting of 10 young women volunteers, coordinate fem’TALK 89.2FM’s Women’s Weekend Broadcasts (WWB). These broadcasts are a key source of information for women about women’s rights and the promotion of women in decision making, links between urban and rural issues, peace building activities as well as national and local government policy. fem’TALK 89.2FM also provides young women with skills and confidence to engage in national-level debates as interviewers, producers and broadcasters of the WWB.  Programme highlights include: rural women’s human security issues (including environmental security), disability rights.  The community media mobilizes during natural disasters to produce reports known as “Women’s Weather Watch”"
            },
            {
                "whours": "This is a women’s led community radio project."
            },
            {
                "langs": " English is the main language but programmes also feature interviewees speaking in Hindi and Fijian languages"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 kilometre radius using a low powered transmitter"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Varies during mobile rural broadcasts but for the WWB we are targeting about 1000 people i.e. 1% of the radio listening population in Suva"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female)– we have a total of 18 young women who are the Generation Next Project members – they are the core producers and broadcasters for us (see insert box below)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "18 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "Technical support is outsourced (male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "(Female )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female) FemLINKPACIFIC’s management team comprises 4 women who include the Executive Director, Programme Coordinators and Finance Manager"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Taking on the key lessons learned particularly since the expansion of the Generation Next project in 2 rural centres in Fiji, fem’LINKPACIFIC will continue to support the Generation Next volunteer radio broadcasting team of eighteen young women, including two women with disabilities and increase the number of volunteer broadcasters from CSO partners such as the Rainbow Women’s Network, to enhance their skills, experience and confidence in radio production and broadcasting.  In 2011-2012 Fem’LINKPACIFIC will also be working to expand the broadcast times of the Suva based WWB as result of an IT upgrade using computerised broadcast technology."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The organisation will also be responding to the request for more rural broadcasts through the acquisition of 2 additional community radio kits in 2011. While one kit will be based in Labasa the second kit will be available for rural broadcasts in Viti Levu initially in Nausori and Nadi.  The focus for 2011-12 onwards is to enhance broadcast systems while continuing to build the capacity of the Suva and rural GN members to be the core producers of media content to support our rural networks in Labasa/Savusavu, Nadi and Suva/Nausori as well as provide coverage and deepen their understanding of key policy related activities linked to femLINKPACIFIC’s own priorities in the capital city eg. being assigned to “cover” events and also contribute femLINKPACIFIC input from our policy reports/recommendations.  While supported by the Executive Director (as Station Manager and responsible for regulatory matters as well as the Coordinator: Regional Programmes a former Generation Next member) the Coordinator – Fiji Programmes and enhancing the role of the GN Suva Team Leader will also enhance the broadcast management and administration systems building on the plans developed during the the annual media skills training programme for Generation Next members, as well as our regional correspondents. Focus will also be made to enhance not only the media skills but also the feminist/gender analysis skills of Generation Next - enabling the young women to not only produce and broadcast content, but also enhance their own knowledge and capacity as gender equality / women’s human rights / peace and security advocates.  It should be noted that the current Public Emergency Decree in Fiji has directly impacted fem’LINKPACIFIC, by placing restriction on content. Fem’LINKPACIFIC obtains approval from the government for each broadcast before going to air, and has stopped their vox pop program until further notice. Radio continues to be a critical bridge between rural and urban women in Fiji, and whilst discussions on the political situation in Fiji are not currently possible, fem’LINKPACIFIC’s programs continue to provide an important space for women to speak out on other human security issues that they face in their daily lives."
            },
            {
                "donors": "International Women’s Development Agency, AUSAID, Canada Fund"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "FIJI ISLANDS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Partners in Community Development Fiji"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 14447, 8 Denison Road, Suva Republic of the Fiji Islands |details| admin@pcdf.org.fj +679- 3300392 / 3314160 +679- 3304315 www.pcdfiji.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Pua Karikaritu Project Assistant / Community Media +679 - 3300392 / 3314160(W)/ 3627783 (H) / 9247609 (M) pkarikaritu@pcdf.org.fj pkarikaritu@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community based charitable organization that administers projects in communities in rural areas.  Network: Adopt an integrated approach with stakeholders formal and informal in all projects including good governance Uses participatory methodology to create awareness, assess & analyze situation and share lessons learnt and practices with our primary stakeholders.  1965 –2001 2005 2005 2006 -2008 Funded Ministry of Education publications on backyard gardening for rural Boarding schools.  (While administered by Foundation for the People of the South Pacific).  In partnership with Ministry of Education published 2 editions of foods for school children – Primary and secondary levels.  Published a Disaster Management Training Manual in vernacular (Fijian) for SOPAC Interviewed by the Fiji Broadcasting Commission Limited (vernacular– Fijian) for airing on the Community programmes on Tuesday at 5.00pm. (Fiji Time).  This gives information on the different projects and activities the staff members are involved with."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2005 –2008 2002 to date Published posters, brochure and stickers on marine conservation including coral gardening.  Published Organization annual report with audited Financial Statement. (This is given to our stakeholders) Note: These publications are sometimes used as illustration by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), FSPI, government departments, schools and Radio networks."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "ALTERNATIVE FOR INDIA DEVELOPMENT"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pathal Kudua, Albert Compound, Ranchi, India |details| aidranchi@btinternet.com + 91-651-2301963 + 91-44-26272340 http://www.aidindia.org.uk/cr_section/cr_home.  htm"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mrs. Sunanda K.S.  Chairperson + 91-44-26272336/ 26272340 sunanda.ks@btinternet.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We produce radio programmes in 8 regional languages (Hindi, Nagpuri, Mundari, Magahi, Bengali, Santhali, Ho and Oriya) that are broadcast from FM channels of AIR -Daltonganj, Ranchi, Chaibasa, Jamshedpur (all in Jharkhand) and Baripada (Orissa) covering the states of Jharkhand, Orissa, Chattisgarh and Bihar and part of Uttar Pradesh. The major activities covered in these radio programmes are the following: Capacity building for pro-poor radio programme development through training, orientation, workshops and exposure visits.  Participatory message development for radio episode production and broadcasting.  Narrowcasting of the radio episodes.  Cultural team performance through skit plays highlighting the issues and problems of the region.  Mobilization of the community forums for community action through rally, dharna, submitting memorandums, meetings etc.  Pro–poor advocacy for right to information, entitlements and participatory governance.  Networking with CBOs, NGOs and local village councils.  Information dissemination through leaflets, brochures, pamphlets etc.  Quarterly publications of newsletters in English and Hindi."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "We publish the following quarterly newsletters: Voice to the Voiceless (English) Vikalp ( Hindi) Antardhwani (English) Posters on Community Radio We have applied for radio station at Meral, Garhwa District, Jharkhand to the Ministry of Information and Broadcast, New Delhi."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "CHARKHA DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION NETWORK"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "D-1947 Palam Vihar, Gurgaon 122017, Haryana, India |details| Website: charkha@bol.net.in +91-124-4072638, +91-124-4079082 www.charkha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shankar Ghose President +91-124-4072638, +91-124-4079082 shankarghose@charkha.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Set up in 1994, Charkha is an innovative non-profit organization that works with marginalized and disadvantaged communities in rural and remote parts of the country.  Empowering the grassroots writers through skill development training programmes to highlight their local concerns through tools of communication. Introduction of appropriate communication tools for the target groups –traditional folk art including street theatre and puppetry, print media & digital means (community radio/ television/ Internet).  Inviting writings of rural writers and placing them in mainline media after editing them, so that their issues reach the policy makers.  Organize exposure tours for the rural writers/ activists for on-site reportage.  Commission stories, incentives for grassroots writing on issues of development and poverty.  Operational areas: Rajasthan, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, Northeast & Andaman & Nicobar Islands, media fellowship in Jammu & Kashmir"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Short film on ‘Process of Developing a Community Radio Programme in Jharkhand & Chattisgarh’ Report on Community Radio Programme in Jharkhand & Chattisgarh Charkha Community Radio programme is designed, developed and produced by the community and broadcasted through All India Radio, the National Broadcaster. Charkha has actively participated as part of the OneWorld South Asia (OWSA) Network in Amendment of the Broadcast Bill 2006."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "DRISHTI"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "4th Floor, Mistry Chambers, Near Cama Hotel, Khanpur Ahmedabad, India |details| drishtiad1@gmail.com +91-79 – 25601885/25601660 Websites:  www.drishtimedia.or"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mr. Debarun Dutta Program Manager, Community Media Team +91 9726936572 debarun.drishti@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Drishti uses media and the arts to build empowered communities that value self-expression and uphold human rights.  By demystifying video, radio, theatre and arts Drishti empower local citizens to become agents of change In partnership with NGOs around India, Drishti is building a media of the people, for the people and by the people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Fire Fly Media"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "A-2/174, Aya Nagar, Phase-V New Delhi, India |details| vagishkj@gmail.com +-91-9868249634"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Vagish K Jha Chief executive Officer (CEO) +91-9868249634 vagishkj@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We undertake training for radio production for a community radio project.  We produce / help in production of radio programme with community in focus"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "IT FOR CHANGE"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box No 393, 17th Main, Jayanagar 4th T Block, Bangalore-560041, India |details| ITfC@itforchange.net + 91-80-26654134, + 91-80- 26536890 +91-80-41461055 www.ITforChange.net"
            },
            {
                "contact": ": |details2| Ms. Shilpa Rao Programme Manager + 91-80-26654134, + 91-80-26536890 shilpa@ITforChange.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "At IT for Change, we: Engage with all actors defining the development agenda including governments, NGOs/CSOs, private sector, academic institutions, international agencies and the media.  Initiate debates on the politics and potential of ICTs for development.  Research and analyse ideas, innovations and initiatives in the ICTs for development domain and disseminate our interpretations and learning.  Conceptualise and promote perspectives on ICTs for development, emphasising participation, local context and content, equity and empowerment to transcend techno- deterministic frameworks.  Act through field projects to 1) demonstrate innovative applications of ICTs for development, and 2) partner with others for full-scale implementation of ICT enabled systems for social change.  IT for Change relays a weekly half-hour programme in Mysore district of Karnataka, India, which is oriented towards women from local self-help groups and their activities. The broadcast is on the open channel of the Karnataka State Open University. The programme is titled “Kelu Sakhi” (meaning “listen friend”) and is delivered as a CD to the University every week for broadcast. The broadcast has been live since 25 December, 2006 and self-help group women are increasingly designing and recording the content themselves."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Kutch Mahila Vikas Sansthan"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "16, Yogeshwar, Opp. Bhuj Gymkhana, Ghanshyamnagar Bhuj, India |details| kmvskutch@gmail.com +91 -2832- 223311"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Preeti Soni Executive Director +91 -2832- 223311, 222124 ujjasradio@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We work on women empowerment issues, specifically focusing on: Education Health NRM Livelihood enhancement Development communication Capacity building of Panchayati women Organising urban women Savings and credit programmes"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, NRM, cultural, health, education, occupational etc. in two hours with specific focus on gender angle 70"
            },
            {
                "whours": "All the programmes are in context of women empowerment and the station is being run by women community members"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kutchi only"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "26 villages of Nakhtrana block of Kutch"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 6000 households"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 ) same persons responsible"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female =4 ; Male =3 ) same persons responsible"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 20; Male =10 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "2 (Female =1 ; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Local donors of Kutch"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Namma Dhwani"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "C/o Jagruthi Resource Center, Budikote Main Road, Budikote Village, Bangarpet Taluk, Kolar District, Karnataka, India |details| bala_kalyani@yahoo.co.in, myrada@vsnl.com + 91-8153256828, + 91-8153325533 www.voices4all.org, www.voicesindia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Balakrishna Jagruthi Resource Center Manager + 91-9845315497 bala_kalyani@yahoo.co.in"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "1.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental and educational"
            },
            {
                "whours": "0.5 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Around 30 villages"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "Not yet allowed to broadcast"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female =3; male =3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "2 (Female = 1; male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Female =0; male =1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "Farmer community, women, senior citizens, people with disabilities, etc."
            },
            {
                "donors": "At present we are self-sustainable"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "One World South Asia"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "C-5, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi, India |details| naimur.rahman@oneworld.net +91 11 41689000 +91 11 41689001 www.southasia.onworld.net, www.edaa.in"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Naimur Rahman Director +91 11 41689009 naimur.rahman@oneworld.net"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Builds capacities of grassroots people to identify issues of concern and speak out about them; and also to advocate for their own rights using radio and community media Produces community radio programmes in partnership with other CBOs and NGOs on issues addressing the MDGs Conceptualised and powered an on-line audio content exchange bank for community broadcasters- EK duniya and EK awaaz (One World, Many Voices) – www.edaa.in Initiated an on-line audio content exchange bank for community broadcasters- EK duniya anEK awaaz (One World, Many Voices) – www.edaa.in - which now contains about 1000 usable programmes in different South Asian languages covering 27 development themes. The portal serves as resource and networking platform for CR Stations and initiatives in the region"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "PEOPLE’S ASSOCIATION FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "PARD VAANOLI ()"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No.87, 4/1018 Annai Abirami Street Sithi Vinayagar Kovil Street, Thasildar Nagar Madurai 625 020 , Tamil Nadu, India |details| pardvaanoli@gmail.com +91-452-2533493 +91-452-2533493"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| E. James Rajasekaran Project Director, PARD/Station Manager, PARD VAANOLI +91-452-2456092 jamesrajasekaran@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Programme for Slum Women and Children especially Child Labourers Organising Women Self Help Groups Micro credit Programme for Slum Women Sustainable Agricultural Training for farmers"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Officially inaugurated on 08.09.2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Three and a half hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Programme on Education, Health, Agricultural, Good Governance, Government Schemes and Programmes, Human Rights and Legal Awareness Programmes."
            },
            {
                "whours": "More than 70% of the programmes are by and for women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tamil and Telugu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 60 villages"
            },
            {
                "popl": "60,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "15 (Female: 15)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female: 4 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Community below Poverty Line"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "People’s Power Collective"
            },
            {
                "type": "A Public Trust (Registered In India) to Support Community Radio Development in the region called People’s Power Collective"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "St. Thomas Town P.O, M 12 Chennakeshava Layout, K.K. Halli, Bangalore - 560084, India |details| info@peoplespower-co.org +91 – (0) 9845807900 Websites:  www.peoplespower-co.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Saritha Thomas Managing Trustee / Director +91 – (0) 9845807900 & +44 (0) 7887711956 saritha@peoplespower-co.org "
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our mission is to build a greater awareness of community radio as a tool for grassroots empowerment and information sharing, and enable rural and marginalised communities to manage and run effective, sustainable radio stations that bring social and economic benefits to their wider community groups.  "
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Mattoli"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Mattoli 90.4 FM"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dwaraka, Mananthavady, India |details| radiomattoli@gmail.com +91 4935 242008 +91 4935 240066 www.radiomattoli.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. Fr. Thomas Joseph Therakam Station Director +91-9446030066 therakam@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We work on issues related to disaster management, drinking water, education & literacy, culture, environment & forests, food processing, health & family welfare, hiv/aids, housing, human rights, information & communication technology, legal awareness & aid, labour & employment, land resources, micro finance (shgs), minority issues, micro small & medium enterprises, new & renewable energy, nutrition, panchayati raj, right to information & advocacy, rural development & poverty alleviation, tribal affairs, tourism, urban development & poverty alleviation, vocational trainings, etc Publications related to community Radio Mattoli Souvenir 2011 radio by the organisation"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 1 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental – 4 hours per day Educational – 4.30 hours per day Culture & Entertainment – 4.30 hours per day Information relevant to the public – 1 hour per day Tribal Program – 30 minutes per day Commercial spot/PSA – 80 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Malayalam, Tribal Dialects"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10-15Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 8, 16,558 as per the censes 2011"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watts (100 watts ERP)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female: 6, Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female : 5, Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female: 1, Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "78 (Female: 40, Male: 38)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 19 (Female: 8, Male:11)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"All communities in the target area"
            },
            {
                "donors": "National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA), Kerala State Council for Science Technology & Environment (KSCSTE), National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) New Delhi, Indian Coffee Board Bangalore, Montreal University Canada and Kerala State Horticulture Mission."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rudi No Radio - Sewa"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting and Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "“Krishna Bhavan”, SEWA Academy, Ellis Bridge Corner, Opp. Sakar-II, Town Hall, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. India |details| sewaacdy@youtele.com +91-79-26577115 +91-79-26587708 www.radiosewa.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ms. Namrata Bali Director +91-79-26577115 sewaacdy@youtele.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Organising workers in urban & rural areas such as : Hawkers, vendors and small business Home-based workers Manual labourers & service providers Small producers Working on different campaigns for the informal sector e.g.  Home-based worker’s campaign Vendor’s campaign Clean Ahmedabad campaign The water campaign Campaign for forest workers Campaign for agricultural labourers Campaign for recognition of Dais as village health workers Campaign for child care as basic service Campaign for legislation entitling workers on the informal economy to social security.  Women’s cooperative federation which does capacity building, marketing and provides services like book keeping and management / marketing for : Artisan cooperative Dairy Cooperative Agricultural cooperative"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Trading based cooperative Savings and credit groups Health, child care & other services.  SEWA Bank which works on saving / credit & Pension scheme Financial literacy Use of the Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) Reviving income generating programme through the Sangeevani scheme Solar energy programme SEWA Social Security for self employed women Health care Insurance (VIMO) packages Child care services for 0-3 years, 3-6 years Housing & Shelter Training for women construction workers, coordinating with Municipality, slum up gradation in cities, low-cost housing & earthquake resistant houses.  Education, Capacity Building, Research and Communication at SEWA Academy Education and capacity-building SEWA manager’s school Information and Technology (IT) Training worker to build our movement Literacy – learning to take charge of our movement, our lives Communication through audio visuals – Video SEWA, Rudi No Radio, Satellite Communication.  Action Research on socio-economic issues of working class women Advocacy"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Health, insurance and banking services provided by SEWA, on days of national and international events, cultural, accidental and social issues, Gramhaat activities, federation and housing, trainings, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "15 minutes in a week on every Saturday"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Gujarati and Hindi in mixed language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Gujarat and nearby Gujarat area, Rajasthan State"
            },
            {
                "popl": " Approximate 7,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "8.46 KM hutch/ AM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Radio for Women"
            },
            {
                "donors": "AMARC and Swiss Development Corporation (SDC)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rural Education and Development (READ) India"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "707, HEWO Towers, Sector-56, Gurgaon, India |details| geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com +91 124 4365428 Websites:  www.readglobal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Geeta Malhotra Country Director + 91 9818193575 geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " READ India is engaged in setting up Community Libraries and Resource Centres in rural areas of the country with goal of inspiring rural prosperity.  To prepare community to make effective use of ICT tools such as preparing a cadre of Community Radio practitioners at the grassroots level and help them to apply for community radio license.  To build the capacity of women and especially adolescent girls in mass communication.  To promote Early Childhood Development and preparing children for formal education.  To promote women’s empowerment and gender sensitization.  To help the community in sustaining the centre and creating livelihood opportunities."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "SARANG Community Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "St Aloysius College (Autonomous), Mangalore"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "SARANG Community Radio, St Aloysius College, P.B. 720 Mangalore – 575003, India |details| richiersj@yahoo.com, radiosarang@gmail.com, principal_sac@yahoo.com +91-824-2449700-701; 744 +91-824-244705 www.sarang.org.in; www.staloysius.edu.in; www.richardrego.wordpress.con"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Rev Dr Richard Rego SJ Station Director +91-824-2449706; +91-9448546425 richiersj@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Educational Institution"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours (since July 2011)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "a. Health & hygiene b. Agriculture c. Nurturing Communal harmony and appreciation of diversity d. Folk culture e. Women and children f. Scientific temper g. Information on Government pro-people policies, schemes, and assistance available to the masses h. Education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "21 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Kannada, Konkani, Tulu and English (daily); Beary (local Muslims’ mother tongue), Malayalam, Hindi (weekly)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "5 (Male:4 ; Female : 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5(Male:4 ; Female : 1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 2 (Male + 2 female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 8 (Female =3 ; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Fisher folk, agriculturists, daily wage earners, beedi-rollers, security personnel, and auto drivers"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Mostly the College Management (for now) and local advertisers to a certain extent"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT (SID)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "914. HEWO Apartments, Sector 56, Plot 42 Gurgaon -122001, India |details| geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com +91-0124-4009611; +91- 9818193575"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Geeta Malhotra Founder +91-124-4009611; +91-9818193575 geeta.malhotra16@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Society for Integrated Development (SID) is committed to the following activities: To supplement and complement Central/State/Semi- government policies and programmes aimed at communities’ empowerment through well-designed and result-oriented projects and interventions.  To strengthen communication opportunities among marginalized communities through various media tools.  To provide a platform to marginalized communities to raise their voices for their own socio-economic up-liftment To provide guidance and need-based knowledge on health, in general, with specific focus on reproductive health, RCH, HIV/AIDS and communicable diseases.  To promote Community Radio for enabling communities to use radio as an effective tool for addressing Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).  To organize debates, consultations, seminars and workshops on various development issues for sustainable development.  To do advocacy programmes on population, health, gender, environment & socio-economic issues."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Department of Communication, University of Hyderabad"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Department of Communication, Sarojini Naidu School, University of Hyderabad"
            },
            {
                "type": "Academic institution carrying out research in media studies, also specifically on Community Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Department of Communication, Sarojini Naidu School, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India |details| vpavarala@gmail.com; kkmsn@uohyd.ernet.in +91-40-23135501 +91-40-23011553 http://172.16.1.100/academic/school_study/ sarojini_naidu_school/program_communication.  html"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Prof. Vinod Pavarala Head of the Department +91-40-23135501 vpavarala@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Department of Communication, located within the prestigious Sarojini Naidu School of Performing Arts, Fine Arts & Communication, has evolved over the last 20 years of its existence, into one of the leading institutions of higher learning in the field of communication and media studies in India. With faculty trained in nationally and internationally reputed institutions, and with well-equipped studios and laboratories, the department provides students balanced inputs in both theory and practice of mass communication. Filmmakers, journalists, corporate communication specialists, and leading scholars from India and abroad constitute a panel of eminent visiting faculty, who offer value addition to the training being given to the students. The faculty of the department is actively involved in academic research and there is significant empirical work being carried out on community radio/media."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Other Voices: the struggle for community radio in India by Vinod Pavarala and Kanchan K. Malik; Sage Publications, October 2007.INDONESIAATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA UNIVERSITY"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio based at Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta Jalan Babarsari 44, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia |details| mbirowo@yahoo.com +62 274 487711"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mario Antonius Birowo Lecturer/Researcher +62 274 487711 mbirowo@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Entertainment Education Culture News and current affairs Musical Developmental Community Woman program"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2009. Forthcoming, a chapter “Community radio and the empowerment of local culture in Indonesia” in the book “Decade of Democracy: Indonesian Media after Soeharto”, Edited by Krishna Sen & David T. Hill, Routledge, London.  Teaching Research 2009. Forthcoming, a chapter “Community radio and civic action” in the book “Peripheral Media, Marginal Communities: Media and Politics in the Asia-Pacific,” Edited by Krishna Sen, Wanning Sun, and Denise Wood, Sussex Academic Press, Marginal Communication.  2007. A chapter “Perlukah Perspektif Asia dalam Kajian Ilmu Komunikasi?” (Do We Need Asian Perspective in Communication Studies?) in the book ‘Komunikasi dan Kekuasaan’ (Communication and Power), published by Forum Studi Komunikasi, Indonesia.  2006. Published a book “Mengapa Radio Komunitas” (Why Community Radio), published by Combine Resource Institution, Indonesia 2005. A chapter with Sasangka, ‘Radio Komunitas: Media Pemberdayaan Aspirasi Publik’ (Community Radio as Media of Public Empowerment) in the book Juwarno (ed.), Desentralisasi Globalisasi dan Demokrasi Lokal, LP3ES, Jakarta, pp. 308-321."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "2005. ‘Melawan Hegemoni Media dengan Strategi Komunikasi Berpusat pada Masyarakat’ (Against Media Hegemony through People Centered Communication Strategy), Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Volume 2, No. 2 December 2005, pp. 127-144 2006. Mengapa Radio Komunitas? (Why Community Radio?), Combine Resources Institution, Yogyakarta 2005. Book editor with Jamil Gunawan, Sutoro Eko, Yunanto & Bambang Purwanto (editors) Desentralisasi, Globalisasi dan Demokrasi Lokal (Decentralization, Globalization, & Local Democracy), LP3ES, Jakarta."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "3 July 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "5 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Indonesian and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "2.5 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300-400 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "20 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "20 (Female : 12 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "20 (Female: 12 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"We try to serve all"
            },
            {
                "donors": "The biggest donation comes from our Faculty (Communication Department, Faculty of Social and Politics, Atma Jaya University of Yogyakarta), with other funding such as Ford Foundation and at times contribution from the staff."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Combine Resource Institution"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Ngadisuryan No. 26, Yogyakarta 55133, Indonesia |details| office@combine.or.id + 62-274-418929 + 62-274-418929 www.combine.or.id"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jahja Ranggoaini (Nieke) Director +62-811256903 nieke@combine.or.id"
            },
            {
                "activity": "COMBINE RESOURCE INSTITUTION Provide trainings and other types of capacity building to community radios as well as to the associations in the region and at national level."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Publish materials (books, bulletins, modules) for capacitated community radios, document the Community Radio’s lesson learnt and best practices.  Promote the uses of ICT's and Open Source software to the community through community radios and other local information network.  Support equipments for internet access to local partners (CR's, NGO's, Network) and fund bandwidth for running the system.  Bi-monthly bulletins: 'Kombinasi' (About community radios and people’s media with thematic issues in Indonesia and from all over the world) A best practice book: Media Rakyat: Mengorganisasi Diri Melalui Informasi (People's Media: Self Organizing Through Information) A comic manual: Radio ku, Radio mu, Radio kita...! (My radio, Your radio, Our radio...!) Three manuals of Community Radios: 1. Mengapa radio komunitas? (Why community radios?) 2. Bagaimana mendirikan radio komunitas? (How to develop community radios?) 3. Pengelolaan Radio Komunitas (Management of Community Radio)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Komunitas Damarwulan FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 64293 Jln.Gedangan No.11 B Ds.Damarwulan Kec Kepung KEDIRI - JAWA TIMUR, INDONESIA |details| Damarwulanfm@yahoo.co.id +62-0354-326737 +62-0354-326737 www.damarwulanfm.blogspot.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Aqirdina Isnani Secretary +62-0354-7097035 dinaa_yinniren@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2 August 2002"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "1. Daily broadcast program TIME NAME TARGET 10.00 – 12.00 Dangdut RT (household) Housewife Education 12.00 – 14.00 Music & information General News & information 14.00 – 16.00 Teen information Teenagers News & information 16.00 – 17.30 Creative Teenagers Teenagers Education 17.30 – 18.00 Religious music General - 18.00 – 20.00 Music & information General News & information 20.00 – 22.00 Karya Desa Poor people Development 22.00 – 24.00 Dangdut General Entertainment 2. Weekly broadcast program On Tuesday, 10.30 – 12.00 AM, we broadcast a program called SEHAT KELUARGAKU (My family’s health) which is conducted by local midwife"
            },
            {
                "whours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Local Indonesian languages and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "6,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts /FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "1 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female = 5 ; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female = 2 ; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The poor people of the village"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "JARINGAN RADIO KOMUNITAS JAWA TIMUR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Jaringan Radio Komunitas Jawa Timur (JRK-JATIM) or East Java’s Community Radio Networking"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Ardi Manis, F5 no.13, Taman 63138 Madiun Jawa Timur, Indonesia |details| sayainfi@yahoo.com +62-351-483289 +62-351-483288"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| ST. Infirohah Al Faridah Majlis Anggota (Board) +62-81330174922 sayainfi@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Facilitate members of JRK-JATIM to build their capacity in order to serve their community better. Assist in the planning, monitoring and evaluating the programs of each member Community Radio with participation of all members, without any discrimination on gender, culture, religion etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "MANAGEMENT MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION CENTRE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Management Media and Communication Centre formerly known as Malang Media & Communication Centre (MMCC)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Communication Study Group – Communication Department of Brawijaya University."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Veteran Street No. 1, Malang-East Java Indonesia |details| anangsujoko@yahoo.com +62-341 575755"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Anang Sujoko Director +61-413632338 anangsujoko@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our NGO works mainly in community media broadcasting research and empowerment as we believe that community media will play a significant role in the nation’s development by encouraging audiences to preserve their local culture and providing access to education."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "The rise of community radio in East Java (Kompas Daily Newspaper-East Java Edition 2007)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Mitra FM 107.7 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dusun Tanjung Anom Desa Tantem Hilir II Hamparan Perak, Deli Serdang North Sumatra, Indonesia |details| info.mitrafm@gmail.com +62-81361309133 www.mitrafm.or.id"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Hidayat Board Member +62-81361309133 hatirakyat@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Assist in sharing farm development technologies especially paddy field, fishing practices and establishing credit union for the members Promote cultural and traditional art activity (dance, song, drama) Increase forestation on the fringes of cultivated land"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " http://amarc.combine.or.id/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=article&id=9%3Acommunity-radio-teaches-and- entertains&catid=1%3Anews&Itemid=3&lang=en http://mitrafm.or.id"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 August 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental  20% Entertainment  10% Educational  20% News and current affairs 15% Traditional music  20% Reforestation movement 15%"
            },
            {
                "whours": "40 %"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Indonesian, and traditional language like Javanese, Minang, Simalungun, Batak Karo, Banjarmasin (Borneo) and Malay"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 villages in two districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10000 - 15000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watt/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female = 11 Male, = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female = 3 Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "All staffs are volunteers from Community Radio Organization"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 19 (Female: 7 ; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Farmers and fishermen of the area"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Residents of the village, NGO (FAO, EED, World Bank) and public advertisement"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RAMA (VOICE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE)"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RAMA 107.9 FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 78241, Jl. Budi Utomo, Kompleks Bumi Indah Khatulistiwa Ruko no.B.3 Lt.2, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia |details| radiorama_fm@yahoo.co.id, carolinerama_fm@yahoo.co.id iyang_krio@yahoo.co.id 0561 - 885264"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| AGAPITUS Head of Radio Station RAMA 107,9 FM 081345998463 iyang_krio@yahoo.co.id agapitus.aga@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Dissemination of alternative information about environmental and natural resource management, economic empowerment for the community member, have a critics sense toward the law, cultural revitalization and restitution and the rights of indigenous peoples.  Education and democratization Peace building and reconciliation Entertainment and revitalization of cultural arts"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " News Information Green Discussion/Wisdom of Indigenous People All about Credit Union Voices Of Women"
            },
            {
                "whours": "120 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bahasa Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20-50 KM, according to the concentration of the indigenous people communities in the city of Pontianak"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "10 (Female =5 ; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =3; Male =2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "10 (Female = 5 ; Male =5 ):F=5,M=5"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female = 3; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 7 (Female =3 ; Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "We serve all Indigenous People Community in Pontianak City, specially the Dayak, Madura, Malays, Tionghua from the IP communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "NGO for local area namely Gerakan Pemberdayaan Pancur Kasih (GPPK)-Pncur K"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Suara Warga FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community radio station: Suara Warga"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl.Wisnu Wardhana No.40B, Jombang, Indonesia |details| office@suarawarga.info +62 321 2982248 +62 321 854132 www.suarawarga.info"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Noor Chasanah Human Resource Development and Networking +62 85 646 549 934 ana@suarawarga.info"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Broadcasting Radio program production Training and Workshop about community radio"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Broadcasting on radio streaming (www.suarawarga.info) A sheet of news paper “KOBAR” Suara Warga"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 25 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News Information and Education Entertainment and Musical Cultural 6 hours 4 hours 5 hours 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Indonesia, Javanese, English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "2.5 Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "± 200,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female 7; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:4; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Female:3 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The urban poor (pedicab driver, garbage collector, small seller, farmer)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "102 Cooperation with Lakpesdam NU Jombang, KBR68H, RNW and contribution from community"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "SWARA TAMBOROLANGI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Swara Tamborolangi"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO BOX 68 Rantepao-Toraja Utara, Tanete Kindan-Lembang Madandan, Rantetayo South Sulawesi 91831, Indonesia |details| sw_tamborolangi@ymail.com +62-852 40599602"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Rahel Lewi Reporter +6281355848601 lewirahel@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2001"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News Current Affair Culture and tradition Local and National Politics Community based Natural resources (Climate change and DDR) Music and entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "8 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Torajan, Indonesia and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 sub districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "100,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 75 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "4 (Female 2 = ; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "2 (Female = 1; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 5; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "5 (Female = ; 3 Male = 2 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Indigenous People"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "INDONESIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "West Java Community Radio Networking"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Jl. Cukang Jati No. 56/116c. (Gatsu) Bandung, West Java, Indonesia"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details| info@jrk-jabar.or.id +62-227307662 +62-227307662 www.jrk-jaba.or.id |details2| Gani Rachman Chief of West Java Community Radio Networking +62-81320527571 Ga2n2004@yahoo.com gagan@jrk-jabar.or.id |details| "
            },
            {
                "activity": " Capacity building Advocacy, etc"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Media Resources (CMR)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box 4-27-2 3D Ichiriyama, Otsu, Japan |details| info@cmrs.jp +81-77-543-7665 http://www.cmrs.jp"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Tetsuo Matsuura Director +81-90-2835-8810 matsuura@cmrs.jp"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Enhance democratic communication among people Promote participatory and inclusive media in society Community radio and video production"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "field0": "FM YY"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio FM YY"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 653-0052, 3-3-8, Kaiuncho, Nagata-ku, Kobe, Japan |details| fmyy@tcc117.org +81-78-737-3196 +81-78-737-3187 http://www.tcc117.org/fmyy"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jun’ichi Hibino General Director +81-90-9043-9093 hibino@tcc117.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "FMYY acts as a bridge between the minority communities and the non-minority elite. Local non-minority elites (such as local politicians) listen to FMYY. Thus, we work as an agent for the voices of the minority community to be heard by those in political power. Our values ensure that we provide programs for the local community rather than entertainment. Furthermore, we uphold our citizen-based approach to represent migrants, ethnic minorities, people with disabilities and social activists.  Publications related to community radio by the organisation Handbook for the Utilization of DMAM (Disaster Management Audio Materials) for Community Based Disaster Management"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30 January, 1995"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Japanese, Korean, Chinese, Vietnamese, Tagalog, Thai language, English, Spanish, Portugese, Ainu language ( indigenous launguage in Japan)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "36 square km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "81,177 families"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "10 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "120 (Female: 75; Male: 45)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "110 (Female: 70; Male: 40)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "15 (Female : 5; Male: 10)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "110 (Female :70; Male: 40)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female: 3; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Communities of ethnic minority, disabled people and migrants."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Multilanguage Center FACIL, Takatori Community Center"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "JAPAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Nanmin Now!"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO that is broadcasting a program in community radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 604-0901, 284-7, Suemarucho Nakagyoku, Kyoto, Japan |details| nanmin_now@ybb.ne.jp +81-(0)740-20-1115 +81-(0)740-20-1115 http://www.voiceblog.jp/nanmin_now/"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Katsuya Soda Director +81-(0)740-20-1115 http://www.voiceblog.jp/nanmin_now/"
            },
            {
                "activity": "“Nanmin” means “Refugee” in Japanese. “NANMIN NOW!” started since 2004 at the Kyoto Sanjo Radio Cafe (FM 79.7 MHz) in Kyoto, Japan. It is the first and only radio program that specializes in providing refugee issues around the world and in Japan. It’s unique concept like ‘broadcasting news related to refugees like daily weather report’ have been highly valued and widely recognized by many people. We work in cooperation with UNHCR (The United Nations Refugee Agency) and many non- governmental organizations to create radio programs which we prepare for English website and broadcast.  Our objectives are met through the following activities: To provide the link between International Cooperation and the community To built new connection with communities through refugee issues To offer ‘Media Education’ and ‘Human Rights Education’ through practice"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "KYRGYZ REPUBLIC"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radiomost 100.5 FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radiomost, Lomonosov Street 35 Talas City, Kyrgyz Republic |details| Mediamost@inbox.ru +996-0-342253126 www.radiomost.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gulmira Osmonova Station Manager +996 -0-342253126 gulmiraosmonova@rambler.ru"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Community radio aims to bridge the information gap in remote Talas region.  Encouraging community participation in programming by creating a network of volunteer village reporters.  Giving voice to marginalized groups Production of advocacy programmes on health, gender, education, human rights, and socio-economic issues.  Discussion forums and workshops on current affairs Provide opportunity for students to acquire computer and radio presentation skills.  Mobilize people to take action to help themselves"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Publication on volunteer village reporters in progress Publication on “How to do Community Radio in Central Asia” in progress"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "per day News and Current affairs: 3 hours Entertainment: 4 hours Educational: 1 hour General interest: 2 hours Musical: 4 hours "
            },
            {
                "whours": "28 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Kyrgyz, Russian and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Talas Province, 3 out of Talas’ 4 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "120,000 listeners"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 KW/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "21 (Female = 12 ; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female = 9; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "32 (Female = 20; Male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 3 (Female = 2; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Talas province"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO, EU, CIM/GTZ LAOSCommunity Participation and Communication Support Programme (CPCSP)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "LAOS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Participation and Communication Support Programme (CPCSP)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting: Mass Media Department, Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Setthathilad Rd, Chanthabouli District, Vientiane Capital, Laos |details| cpcsp.programme@gmail.com +856 21 254601"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Xaisongkham Induangchanthy Communications Officer + 856 20 22939193 / 20 76000845 cpcsp.programme@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The CPCSP is a four-year programme [2011-2014] aiming to advance civil society through community media in Lao PDR.  Since 2006, UNDP has been working in partnership with the Ministry of Information and Culture to pilot community radio in Khoun district, Xiengkhouang. In line with the Government’s plan to expand community radio to the 47 poorest districts in the country, UNDP supports the scaling up of community radios and help develop local capacity to sustain them in the longer term."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "LAOS"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Khoun Community Radio For Development"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phiavat village, Khoun district, Xiengkhouang province, Lao PDR |details| khounradio@gmail.com +85-6-305171534 + 85-6- 61 213250 khouncommunityradio-xiengkhouang.blogspot.  com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mr Vongsone Oudomsouk Project Manager/Media Associate +856-30-5171139 oudomsoukvongsone@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Establishing a local radio station in Khoun district, Xiengkhouang, Laos, as a community-run radio model; Identifying information needs and demands from local communities (Khoun) by carrying out audience survey; Providing training in various aspects to locals to run and manage the station such as radio programme production, technical skills, station management, community mobilization, fundraising, etc.  Cooperating with other radio initiatives in Laos or in the region."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Moral teaching Environment Labour and welfare Peace and security Women, youth, children Local and national/international news Culture Health Education Agriculture Drama Music"
            },
            {
                "whours": "programme 3 hours per week (in three different local dialects, 1 hour broadcasted each)."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Khmu, Hmong and Laoloum"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "75 out of 89 villages (home to about 31,000 people) in Khoun district can be reached by the station. Furthermore, some villages in neighbouring districts in Xiengkhouang and other provinces have reported that the signal can also be received."
            },
            {
                "popl": "We believe more than 84 percent."
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "20 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "39 (Female = 14; Male = 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "34 (Female =14; Male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female = 2; Male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Ethnic people and vulnerable groups (women, youth, disabled, etc.)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "United Nations Development Programme"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "MALAYSIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "CIJ Communications Services SDN BHD"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "27c, Jalan Sarikei, Off Jalan Pahang, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |details| cijmalaysia@gmail.com +60-3-4023 0772 +60-3-40230769 www.cijmalaysia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Masjaliza Hamzah Executive Director +60-3-4024 9840 masjaliza@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Monitoring of and responding to violations on freedom of expression (by state or non-state actors) Monitor media content Conduct trainings and develop resources towards building an ethical media Advocate for legislative change to promote freedom of expression through campaigns to amend media laws and introduce Right to Information laws Facilitating marginalised voices through community media"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "MALAYSIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "e-Bario"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bario Radio, eBario Sdn Bhd.,Kelabit Highlands, Bario, Baram District 98050, Sarawak, Malaysia |details| john.tarawe@gmail.com +6 019 4381777 http://www.ebario.org/index.html"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| John Tarawe Chief Executive Officer (CEO) +6 019 4381777 john.tarawe@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Cultural activities Voices of the people; local documentaries and oral histories Popular music and music from local performers Group discussions Farming information Special interest item for; youth, women, farmers, elderly, businessmen, etc.  Family announcements"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "October 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Plan initially for 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " E- BARIO Community development Rural ICT consultancy Telecentre operation Event management National and international news Current affairs Developmental information Educational programmes Health information Weather reports Interviews with local and visiting dignitaries Entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Kelabit and Malay"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "1,500 sq kms"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 4,500"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 Watt FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 2 (Female: 1; Male: 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female : 3 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Kelabit ethnic indigenous people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IFAD"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "ASSOCIATION OF COMMUNITY RADIO BROADCASTERS NEPAL (ACORAB)"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal (ACORAB)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Association of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 19324, Chakupat Lalitpur, Nepal |details| info@acorab.org + 977-1-5551171 + 977-1-5011669 www.acorab.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Min Bahadur Shahi President + 977-1-5551171 minshahi@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Lobby and advocacy for development of community radios Institutional strengthening of community radios to establish them as effective and efficient community media Organisational development of community radios for promotion of the radios as social transform catalyst and facilitator to enhance justice, promote and protect human rights, and encourage good governance"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Annual Report The Current Situation of Media in Nepal (Workshop Proceedings) The Status of Community Radio in Nepal Community Radio in Nepal: Legal Provisions and Requirements Lobby and Advocacy Strategy Code of Conduct for Community Radio Election Code of Conduct Samudayik Radio Shanti ko Batoma"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "AFNO FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO run Community Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box no. 8975, EPC 1461 Saibu, Bhaisepati Lalitpur, Nepal |details| afnofm@gmail.com +977-1-5015062 +77-15015213 www.hdcsnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Vijay Kumar Manandhar Coordinator +977-9851101677 vijay@hdcsnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The NGO Save the Environment operates the following: Three hospitals in Nepal's remote areas – in Dadeldhura (far west Nepal), in Rukkum (mid west Nepal) and in Lamjung (west Nepal) An international school for the mission kids called Kathmandu International Study Centre located in Jhamsikhel, Lalitpur Nepal Three Day Care Centres for physically and mentally handicapped children Two FM stations - in Dadeldhura and in Okhaldhunga (eastern Nepal) called Afno FM 104.8 MHz Afno FM in Dadeldhura"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14th June 2008 and on 28th January 2009 at Okhaldhunga."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "We broadcast Health program (interview with doctors, health workers and health information sharing) Education Program (saikchhik srokar) Agriculture program (information about crops, method of farming, information related to the different types of diseases, insect ,etc) Entertainments (playing music, songs on demand, phone in programmes, story telling Advocacy Programmes for women (able women, voice of women, etc.)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Doteli at Dadeldhuga, and Nepali and Rai at Okhaldhunga"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "6 districts in the far west (Dadeldhura, Doti, Kailali, Bajhang, Achham and Darchula) and 6 districts in the east (Okhaldhunga, Udaypur, Ramechhap, Sindhuli, Solu,and Khotang)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1 million in the farwest and 1 million in the east"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2) in each radio station."
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female: 2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:3 ; Male:4) in Okhaldhuga 6 (Female:3 ; Male:3) in Dadeldhura"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:3 ; Male : 4) Any specific community that the All community living in the area station targets to serve"
            },
            {
                "donors": "FEBA UK"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Antenna Foundation Nepal"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "G.P.O. Box 24225, Bakhundole, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| contact@afn.org.np +977-1- 5528059 +977-1- 5545857 www.afn.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Pramod Tandukar Director +977- 15528053 pramod@afn.org.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Antenna Foundation Nepal (AFN), founded in 2002, is an independent, non-governmental, non-profit and non- partisan organization, dedicated to the development of public service broadcasting in Nepal through the production and broadcasting of high quality radio (mainly) and TV programs and the training and technical support of local/ community radio stations to better reach local and rural communities in a two way communication: disseminating information and making their voices heard.  Antenna’s approach is to involve local communities throughout the production and broadcast process to jointly identify the local needs and issues to be addressed. We partner with local community radio stations, providing technical and capacity building support, to enable them to better reach local and rural communities."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "ANTENNA FOUNDATION NEPAL Handbook for Community Radio Producers and Volunteers Audio CDs for free distribution to CR: Sample Radio Formats, radio feature samples and other programs (all publications in Nepali language)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "BAGLUNG FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Baglung Communication and Information Cooperative Limited - Baglung FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station - Baglung FM 96.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No.11, Baglung Municipility 2, Baglung, Nepal |details| baglungfm@gmail.com +97-68-522075 +97-68-522166 www.baglungfm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Gyanendra Gautam Station Manager +977- 9857620035 gyanendrabgl@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Baglung F.M. is established as an independent and self- sustaining community radio station to broadcast knowledge based informative programmes aimed to preserve the regional traditional diversity and heritage. The major objectives of Baglung F.M. are: To preserve and broadcast programmes for the development of national identity, art, culture and traditional heritage.  To bridge the information gap between general public and local governance bodies.  To contribute in national development by identifying, mobilizing and preserving knowledge, abilities and skills of the local communities To develop women, children and socially disadvantaged groups by promoting inclusive development.  To provide community with knowledge based information and awareness raising programmes.  To improve community development by promoting education, health, environment issues, tourism, sustainable development, human rights and community consciousness.  To improve communal feelings, alliance and coalescence among all the members of the communities for collective effort on community development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs and musical"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Baglung FM has 7 lady producers to broadcast 12 hours of program per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts and main focus areas are Baglung, Parbat and Myagdi districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "28 (Female: 12; Male:16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female: 6; Male:10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female: 4 ; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 15 (Female: 6 ; Male: 9)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The geographically disadvantaged people"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "BHEKAAAWAJ FM 101.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Odanaku-9, Kalikot, Nepal |details| bhekaaawaj@gmail.com + 977-83-523240/523241 + 977-83-620159"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kashi Chandra Baral Station Manager + 977-9748003638 and 9858022465 kashibaral@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " We operate in western Nepal covering five districts of Karnali zone, which is amongst the least developed region of the country.  Our main activities is focussed on social development, development of rural industry, co-operatives, tourism and the educational sector"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "9 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "English, Nepali, Tharu, Bhote and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "30 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "19 (Female = 9; male =10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 7; male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "9 (Female = 4; male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Mainly Magar, Lama and Dalit communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "No external support."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "CJMC FM 106 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "College of Journalism and Mass Communication (CJMC FM 106 MHz)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box No. 23498, Dhumbarai, Mandhikatar Kathmandu, Nepal |details| cjmc.fm@gmail.com / navastar@gmail.com + 977-1-4650565 + 977-1-4650566"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Nava Raj Chalise Station Manager +977-9851088066 navachalise@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our main activity is to promote educational programme/debate at the national and international level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Mostly educational along with news, current affairs and music)"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kathmandu periphery"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "12 (Female = 5; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "25 (Female = 10; male = 15) including volunteers"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 0; male =3)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "COMMUNITY RADIO SUPPORT CENTER"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Support Center (CRSC)/ Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists."
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO (wing) with interest in community broadcasting across the country. Owned by CRSC which is under Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (NEFEJ) which runs Radio Sagarmatha FM 102.4MHz in Kathmandu Nepal."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P O Box: 5143, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal |details| crsc@nefej.org.np +977-1-4261991 +977-1-4261191 www.nefej.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Raghu Mainali Coordinator Office +977-1-4261991 Mobile +977-9851039028 rmainali@wlink.com, crsc@nefej.org.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": "CRSC was established in 2000 and its activities are: Help Desks: Works in the area of popularisation and promotion of community radio in Nepal by facilitating setting up of community radio stations Capacity Building: Serves as focal centre in community broadcasting by extending necessary expertise in improving broadcasts and management of community radio stations by arranging managers’ training, producers’ training, and technical training sessions.  Community Radio Grant Fund: Awards grants (both financial and technical) to the selected community radio stations to lunch new station or to upgrade technical capacity Radio Knowledge Centre: Develop reference materials/books for community radio, collect and document the materials developed by others and distribute to radios. It is maintains a huge resource centre which has reference materials related to community radio from how to set up one up to sustaining them.  Lobbying and Advocacy: Lobby and advocate for creating a conducive environment for community radio movement and sensitise community people about the need for a community radio Publications related to community radio Community Radio: Strategic Planning Manual (Both in English and Nepali languages) Samaja Pariwartanaka Lagi Samudayika Radio (Community Radio: A vehicle to transform society) Samudayika Prasharana: Prastawita Kanuna Tatha Sarwochcha Adalatako Phaisala (Community Broadcasting: Verdicts of Supreme Court and Proposed laws) Community Radio: Collective Marketing Strategy (English and Nepali editions) Radio Pledge (English and Nepali editions) Radio Karyakram (Radio Programs) Nepalma Samudayik Radio (Community Radio in Nepal) Samudayik Radio: Samasya Ra Samadhan (Community Radio: Problems and Solutions) Nepalma Samudayik Radio: Itibritanta (History of Community Radio in Nepal) Profile of Community Radio in Nepal A Proposed Bill on Community and Non-Commercial Broadcasting Radio Directory Community Radio: Principles and Prospect Community Radio Performance Assessment System Manual (both in English and Nepali languages)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 104.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Station and NGO with interest in community broadcasting Media organization Youth Awareness Environmental Forum (YAEF/Nepal) established community radio station Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 104.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P. O. Box 19355, Kathmandu Nepal, Badegaon, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| ecrfm104_2mhz@hotmail.com + 977-1-5560782 www.yaefnepal.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Astaman Kisee Maharjan Executive Chairman and Chief Editor/Publisher + 977-9841317504 yaef_ast_60@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The forum broadcasted its first radio programme as Environment Cycle Radio F.M. 100 MHz in July 1998 with just an hour of programme. The success of this led the forum establish its own transmission station. A license was obtained from His Majesty's Government to run a F.M. station and was granted the permission to transmit on 104.2 MHz. with the name ‘Environment Cycle Radio FM 104.2 MHz’ (ECR F.M.).  The station started its test transmission on February 4, 2004 and the transmission of regular programme began on April 13, 2004. The radio F.M. is running under the direction of YAEF executive body and most people volunteer their service to this F.M. station. Our objectives are: To create awareness amongst the listeners about environment, health and education.  To provide entertainment to the urban group.  To report local and community news.  To emphasise and highlight the cultural heritage of the valley by broadcasting relevant information.  To promote places of tourist interest within the valley and to promote tourism.  To broadcast community development news.  To broadcast interactive programmes dealing with superstitions and negative attitude prevailing in the society The E.C.R. FM. established its women division and received the membership of the AMARC ¬WIN on March 8, 2005.  Publications by the organisation • related to community radio • • Monthly Environmental Magazine News Letter ECR FM Bulletin"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "4 February 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Iinformation and programmes broadly related to environment, health and education. Programme theme covers a range of topics from religion, health, community voice, agriculture, opinions, our cultural heritage, community forest, commercial information, commerce and industry, conflict management, women’s voice, children programme as well as other entertaining programmes and other day-to-day affairs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Bhojpuri, Tharu, Magar and Maithali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "32 (Female = 7; male = 25)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Newari and Tamang communities of Kathmandu Valley and the rural community for sharing information and creating awareness"
            },
            {
                "donors": "District Development Council (DDC) Lalitpur and the World Conservation Union (IUCN), Kathmandu, Nepal."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Far West Media Development Centre"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pasupati Mandir Road, Ward no. 1, Kailali, Dhangadhi, Nepal |details| fmdc_nepal@yahoo.com +977-91-521119 +977-91-521119"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Umid Prasad Bagchand President +977-9741078578 umidbagchand@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Far West Media Development Centre is an organization of professional journalist working in print and electronic media. It is a major producer of radio programs in the far west of Nepal to name a few; talk show called “Farkilo dharti” being aired from nine FM radio stations of far west and midwest Nepal. Radio magazine “Shanti Sachetana” and “Bikash Chautari” are a few other popular radio programs produced by us. We produce public service advertisement to be aired from FM stations. We conduct the following activities: Radio programs News resource centre News collection and publication Interaction programs Training journalist of far western Nepal Media fact finding mission Regional media press conference Features publication Dynamic report publication Rallies for peace Video documentaries"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "We publish a yearly magazine called “Anabrit”. It contains features and various articles by journalist. The written version of the radio talk shows conducted by our organization is also printed in the magazine."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Himchuli FM 92.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pokhara-8 Phirke, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| himchulifm@hotmail.com + 977-61-539251/533383 + 977-61-539270"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dilip Kumar Rai Station Manager + 977-9856026717 dilip-rai@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The slogan of our organisation being ‘communication for social change and development’ we work in the field of awareness, advocacy and community communication. We focus on the local janajati (ethnic) languages."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2000"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Gurung, Tamang and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kaski, Syanjha, Baglung, Gorkha, Tanahun, Prabat, Lamjung, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "35 (Female = 15; male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "17 (Female = 7; male =10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Gurung, Magar and Dalit communities."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "KRISHI RADIO"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Lumbini Information & Communication Co-Operative Limited"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Naubise 1, Ddharke, Dhading, Nepal |details| Krishiradio@gmail.com +97716214439"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Saroj Prasad Paudel Station Manager +9779751003778,+9779841551426 spojhel@gmail.com, kirshiradio@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Krishi Radio was started by Dhunibesi Community Agricultural Communication Center. I. It is the first and only agricultural radio station of Nepal and based on sharing information about agriculture with an aim to improve the sector."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "September, 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Basically, agricultural programme like as samasya ra samadhan, hat bazzar etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tamang"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 19 (Female: 7 ; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female: 3; Male:5 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female:4 ; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "31 (Female: 5 ; Male:26 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Farmers of the area"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Madhesh Janawaz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Garuda Bazar - 9, Rautahat, Nepal |details| madheshjanawaj@gmail.com +977-55-565373 +977-55- 565374"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Umesh Prasad President +977 1 4486939 ® +977 9851089529 (Mobile) upshah76@gmail.com, umeshpdshah@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Madhesh Janawaj radio is run by 'Collective Campaign and People Uplift Centre' an NGO in Rautahat This is a community radio station situated in Madhesh area and mainly focusing on advocacy for social change and social justice."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental, Entertainment Educational, News Current affairs Infotainment Environmental Health Equality to remove caste based discrimination Labor right Children Human rights and Good governance Percentage of programs by and 30%"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Bhojpuri, Bajika, Maithli, Hindi."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rautahat, Bara, Parsa, Sarlahi, Mahotari, Dhanusha, Makwanpur, Chitawan, some parts of India (Motihari, Sitamari, Muzzafarpur)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 8 (Female:3; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 ( Female:1; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "35 (Female:10 ; Male:25"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "3 (Female:1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dependent on NGO 'Collective Campaign and People Uplift Centre', Rautahat"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "MADHYAPURWA F.M."
            },
            {
                "orgname": "ARANIKO AWARENESS FORUM MADHYAPURWA F.M. 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO 15, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal |details| address: mpfm104mhz.Nepal@gmail.com + 977-11-490650 + 977-11-490650"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Name : Mrs. Laxmi Khanal Station Manager + 977-11-490650 mpfm104mhz.Nepal@gmail.co"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Araniko Awareness Forum (AAF) is a non-profit community based media membership organization. The AAF established a community radio for rural communication called MADHYAPURWA F.M.104 MHz on World Environment day 5 June, 2007. The focus of this FM radio station is on education and information programmes.  Publications related to community radio Monthly magazine"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "20 May 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Environment, health and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours daily"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Bhojpuri, Maithali, Tharu and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 4 (Female =2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female =2; male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "NARAYANI FM 103.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Research, Awareness & Communication for Empowerment – Nepal, (RACE – Nepal) Narayani FM 103.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 23, Shreepur Nayabasti, Birgunj, Nepal |details| narayanifm@ntc.net.np narayanifm@wlink.com.np +977-51-520288, 520588 +977-51-520788"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Govinda Devkota Executive Director +977-51-520588/+977 98550 20745 narayanifm@ntc.net.np dgovinda@wlink.com.np"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Social Awareness in the field of health, education, agriculture, forest conservation Community mobilization for development and sanitation works Health camps in rural areas Training for leadership development, news editing, management, community mobilization Social awareness and mobilization to control violence against women, child marriage, human trafficking Encourage women's participation in social decision making level Encouraging social harmony through public meet, gathering, radio programmes"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "21 October 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "20 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental 25% Entertainment and Musical 25% News and Current affairs 30% Health, Education and Social Awareness 20%"
            },
            {
                "whours": "16Hrs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bhojpuri, Maithili & Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Parsa, Bara, Rautahat, Makwanpur, Sarlahi, Mahottari, Sindhuli, Ramechhap, Kavre, Lalitpur, bordering towns of India (East and West Bihar)."
            },
            {
                "popl": "5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "39 (Female = 11; Male = 28)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 (Female = 4; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Female = 1; Male = 4) Number of part time staff 18 (Female = 7; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 2; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Bhojpuri origin and other marginalized group"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "PANOS RADIO SOUTH ASIA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Panos Radio South Asia (PRSA)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Production house serving community radios and an INGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO Box 13651, Sri Durbar Tole, Patan Dhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| prsa@panosradiosouthasia.org +977-1- 5521889, 5531447 +977-1- 5544641 www.panosradiosouthasia.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Satish Jung Shahi Deputy Editor +977-1- 5521889, 5531447 satish@panossouthasia.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Panos Radio South Asia (PRSA) is an undertaking of Panos South Asia. In keeping with Panos South Asia’s mission to encourage and stimulate informed public debate on key developmental issues in South Asia and to ensure the effective flow of information from media in the south to the north and vice versa, Panos Radio South Asia produces radio programmes to be distributed via the internet and Interworld Radio (www.  interworldradio.org).  We currently produce a 15-minute radio magazine titled 'Panoscope' and 'Development Dilemmas', a nearly half- an-hour long radio discussion, that aims to capture the voices of poor and marginalized people in South Asia on general development issues including Panos South Asia’s five thematic areas - media pluralism, public health, conflict, environment and globalization.  Radio programmes produced by Panos Radio South Asia are free-for-use and can be downloaded via the internet by radio stations all around the world."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Aandhikhola"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station run by Cooperative organization Shree Aandhikhoka Sanchar Sahakari sastha Ltd.(Radio Aandhikhola)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Waling,Syangja,Nepal.  Gyangling, Waling, Nepal |details| aandhikholafmr@yahoo.com +977-063-440285 +977-063-440038 www.RadioAandhikhola.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Deen Bandhu Parajuli Member +977-9803044962 bandhudp@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "November, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Educational programme Awareness programme Entertainment programme Educational programme 20 % Awareness programme 15 % Entertainment programme 40 % Other 25 %"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hrs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Hindi, Magar, Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Syangja and surrounding district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female: 6; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "8 (Female: 4; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female: 1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "12 (Female: 5 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 11 (Female:3; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Kumal and Majhi"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO ABC, FM 89.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Thula chowk, Banepa-10, Kavre, Nepal |details| abcradio@ntc.net.np +977-11-663399 +977-11-660360 www.abcradio.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Madhusudhan Guragain Director +977-98510-16465 mguragain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio ABC is an undertaking of Chetana Nepal (a registered Media NGO who owns the broadcast licence of the Radio ABC). This Radio aims to help propagate information at the community level in order to promote education, democracy, sustainable development, human rights and other national issues through participatory communication. It is essential that communities deal with national issues in a local platform with local language and setting in order to bring about ownership and involvement in those issues.  The vision of Radio ABC is to help communities develop and manage area-specific communication programs. Such programs would provide a forum for communities to discuss issues and opinions in a regional setting and style. This, in effect, would provide a two-way communication medium, by giving communities a voice into national-level matters. This means of information sharing and participatory communication will help promote advocacy on various development issues, which community otherwise would be detached from. The establishment of Radio ABC could introduce a wide range of cultural, social and educational programs.  Moreover, the stations would allow the dissemination of local news, as well as providing a connection with nation-wide programs, effectively linking these communities to the rest of the world. Programs such as distant education, political debates, and local entertainment are now possible with the introduction of the stations."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours from 0500 hours to 2200 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Danuwar, Pahari, Bhojpuri"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "6 districts of mid-hills of Nepal"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 incl. Volunteers (Female = 16; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 incl. Volunteers (Female = 7; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3) By laws Radio Code of Conducts Program Guidelines Style Book All the above are in Nepali language Informative (Farmer led programs) Infotainment Educational Entertainment Local Language"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Local and ethnic farming communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "None"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Baglung"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box Number 11, Baglung Municipality-2, Majhkot, Baglung. Nepal |details| info@radiobaglung.org, baglungfm@gmail.com +977-68-522166/522165 +977-068-521176 www.radiobaglung.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gyanendra Gautam Station Manager 9857620035 info@radiobaglung.org, baglungfm@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Our main activity is to empower people through radio programs. We produce developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical programs and debate at the local and national level.  Radio Baglung intends to play a significant role in the development of its community. It broadcasts programs for the development of its area and to raise awareness among the community people on developmental issues, reaching out to marginalized people and highlighting socio-economic, political, and cultural issues."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 hours & 30 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " News - 4 hours & 30 minutes Current affairs-  2 hours Developmental-  1 hour Entertainment-  3 hours musical- 6 hours Programmes about climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction are also broadcasted."
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Baglung FM broadcast only in Nepali language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "19 districts and main focus areas are Baglung, Parvat, Myagdi & Mustang districts."
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 30 (Female: 13; Male: 17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female: 7; Male: 9 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (Female: 3; Male: 2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female: 5 ; Male: 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"The geographically disadvantaged people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "District development office, Municipality, Health Office, Agriculture office, ACORAB, NEFEJ, Search For Common Ground, Chemonics International Nepal, Antenna Foundation Nepal, Equal Access Nepal etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BHERI AWAZ"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RESEARCH CENTRE FOR HUMANISM (Radio Bheri Awaz 95.6 MHz)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "District Post Office 10- Banke, Karkando-5, Nepalganj, Nepal |details| reach2056@yahoo.com + 977-81-551017/550392 + 977-81-551017"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Tara Khanal Chairperson + 977-81-551017/9848021873 reach2056@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Promote awareness, empowerment and gender equity programmes.  To provide professional training to teachers and media activists."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Abadhi, Tharu, Urdu, Magar, English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "10 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "750,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "31 (Female = 17; Male =14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 8; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Abadhi, Tharu and Magar communities"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA/HUGOU"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BHERI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO BHERI FM 98.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Ghantaghar line, Surkhet, Birendranagar, Nepal |details| radiobheri@yahoo.com + 977-83-522445 + 977- 83-523445"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| TNarayan Kumar Koirala Station Manager + 977-83-521637 and + 977-9858050011 narayan.bheri@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Bheri established by Bheri Multipurpose Co-operative Organization Ltd is not yet involved in financial activities.  We are involved in media through community radio, i.e.  Radio Bheri FM.  We plan to start small hydropower project at the local community level.  We are implementing a project for a cooperative school."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 April 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, music, good governance, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 Hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Magar, Tharu and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "24 districts of mid and far western region"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "21 (Female = 6; Male = 15)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female = 6; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Nepali, Tharu and Doteli community Donors supporingt the radio station Community Radio Support Centre, HUGOU/DANIDA, USAID and British Embassy"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO BUDDHAAWAAZ"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Buddhaawaaz 89.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Community Radio Buddhaawaaz 89.6 MHz, Banganga 8 Kapilvastu, Lumbini, Nepal |details| Website:  buddhaawaazfm@gmail.com +977-76-550181 + 977-76-550181 www.buddhaawaaz.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bhesh Raj Pandey Station Manager +977-9747042231/9847040184 pbheshraj@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2008 "
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours daily "
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Broadcasting news Programme Social message Entertainment programme Radio magazine Radio report Development 2:30 hour Entertainment 2 hours Educational 1.30 hours News & current affairs 4 hours Musical 3 hours Advertisement 3 hours Others 1 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "21 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Awadhi, Hindi, Tharu, Magar and Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.9 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 31 (Female: 19 Male: 12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female: 6 Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "11 (Female:7 Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "15 (Female: 2 Male:13)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO CHINNAMASTA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Social Youth Service Centre - Radio Chhinnamasta"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No: 07, Main Road, Rajbiraj, Nepal |details| Website:  Chhinnamastafm@yahoo.com +977-31-521488/+9779842820584 +977-31-523097 www.radiocfm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Shiva Pratap Shah Station Manager +9779842820584/+9779804708304 shah_shiva@yahoo.com, shah.shiva@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14 February 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Maithili, Nepali, Hindi,T haru, Bhojpuri and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 Kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": "More than 5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 22 (Female = 7; Male =15 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female =3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female =1 ; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 2; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 1; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Voiceless people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "ACORAB, Equal Access, Antenna Foundation, BBC World Service Trust, Communication Corner, Search For Common Ground, Naya Sansar , HUCODAN/MTCMP etc..."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO CHITWAN 94.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Chitwan Community Communication Cooperative Limited - Radio Chitwan 94.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Chitwan, Ratnanagar, Tadi-2, Chitwan, Nepal"
            },
            {
                "contact": " |details2| + 977-56-562567/693050 + 977-56-562566 Narayan Bun Chairman + 977- 9845056956 "
            },
            {
                "activity": "To air entertainment and news program for the community"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Entertainment and news"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Chepang, Tharu and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "12 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "4 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female =10; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female =10 male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO DEUKHURI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Deukhuri 105.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting with its own Community Radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Chailahi Cooperative Ltd, Chailahi-2, Lamahi, Deukhuri, Dang, Nepal |details| radiodeukhuri@yahoo.com +977-82-540019, +977-1-4247185 +977-82-540019, +977-1-4247185"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Murari Kumar Sharma Chairperson +977-9841081020 murarikumar99@yahoo.com, dearmurari@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The radio is managed by the NGO – Rural community Development Service Council (“RCDSC”) which runs programmes on reproductive health, poverty alleviation, communication disaster management and currently it is helping the constitution building process in Mahottari district of Nepal.  Details of VDC- level radio listeners’ group No. of Total Ahir/ VDCs groups Female Male No. Dalit Tharu Kumal Yadav Gupta Magar Female Musalman Chailahi 13 401 386 787 2 5 - - 2 6 Rajpur 11 356 343 699 1 - 1 6 – – 1 – Gobadiha 13 395 455 860 – 4 – 3 – 1 3 – Ganga 11 317 354 671 – 6 1 2 – – 5 – Paraspur Koilabas 5 128 130 258 2 – – – – – – 2 Lalmatiya 11 329 360 689 – 3 1 – – 1 5 – Sisaniya 13 378 441 819 – 9 1 – 1 – 3 – Sonpur 13 395 430 825 4 4 – – – – 6 – Satbariya 13 417 426 843 2 8 – – – 2 3 – Bela 14 425 450 875 4 2 – 1 – – 4 – Gadhawa 14 422 416 738 2 4 1 2 1 1 4 – 131 3962 4091 8053 14 45 5 14 2 7 40 2 169The achievements of the Radio Listeners’ Groups as follows Communal harmony, Problem identification of their and ways of solving them, Consciousness is growing among the local communities about their duties and rights, A strong feeling of ownership of radio is growing, Involvement of local communities in social and development activities rising, Local communities are now grasping opportunities of career development, Local communities have been sustainable peace, Lingual, cultural and religiously diverse communities have been uniting for society’s development, Marginalized communities have been involved in the process of social transformation, Youths of local communities have been familiar with techniques and equipments of radio program production, Involvement of local communities in the mass media, Unemployed youths of local communities have been engaged in production."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Radio Deukhuri produce and broadcast two women related radio programs. A thirty minute programme is broadcasted daily and an hour’s programme is broadcasted weekly."
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Maithili, Hindi, Nepali and Bhojpuri"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "11 VDC of Deukhuri valley of Dang district, West part of Banke, east part of Pyuthan, Arghakhanchi, Kapilbastu and in south some parts of India (Tulsipur)."
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximated about 7,50,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 9 (Female: 4 ; Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female: 3; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "9 (Female: 5; Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Tharu, Yadav and dalits community"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Plan Nepal, Search for Common Ground, Antenna Foundation, AEPC, Ministry of Health and Education, forest, ACORAB, USAID, Equal Access and World view Nepal."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Didbahini"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pragati Chowk, Kushma, Nepal |details| didibahini2009@gmail.com, radio.didibahini@gmail.com rcdsc@ntc.net.np + 977-067-421198/ 421199 + 977-067-421199 www.radiodidibahini.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Yojana Sharma Station Manager + 977-9857621655 / 9847637429 joy.dfm@gmail.com, yoz-25155@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Our radio is a community radio run by all women only.  We are broadcasting numerous women oriented program daily from radio and performing stage program as per the occasion.  This is our second year of establishment and the radio is striving to improve the awareness amongst women and working for their empowerment.  Not only for women, but the radio is broadcasting lots of program about awareness, political issues and is youth oriented."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "March, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours from 5 am to 11 pm"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc and we give priority to current affairs like climate change and natural disaster"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Our radio is for women and by women"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, English and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 21 districts"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 15 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Women"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Acorab is supporting us to some extend"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GANDAKI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Communication Centre Radio Gandaki 90.2 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Nayabazar, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiogandaki@yahoo.com + 977-61-527103 + 977-61-527105"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Laxman Gurung Chairperson + 977-61-527103 pradipfreedomforum@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Gandaki is a NGO, operated through public and community share. It airs news, programmes on social consciousness, targeting the disadvantaged, ethnic groups, dalits, women and children."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News programme, education and social consciousness programmes"
            },
            {
                "whours": "45 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, English, Gurung, Magar, Tamang, Thakali, Newari etc"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 30 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 15 million people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female = 9; male = 17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 (Female = 6; male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Disadvantaged people, dalits, women and children"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GORKHA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "orkha Bikas Tatha Sanchar Kendra Radio Gorkha FM 92.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Prithivi Narayan Municipality-4, Satipira, Maidan, Gorkha Nepal |details| gorkhadiary@gmail.com + 977-64-421333/420727 + 977-64-420727"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Kishor Jung Thapa Station Manager + 977-64-421333/ 9746009600 kishor94_64@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17.30 hrs"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Magar and Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "14 districts in western Nepal as well as Dhading, Nawalparasi, Chitwan, Makwanpur, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 -3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "32 (Female = 12; male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Local citizens"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO GURUBABA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Gurubaba FM 106.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bansgadhi, Bardiya, Nepal |details| Websites: fmgurbaba@gmail.com + 977-81-620223 www.gurbabafm.or"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Person: Puspa Chaudhary Station Manager +977-81-620222 and +977- 9848029718 fmgurbaba@gmail.com, puspagurbaba@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Gurbaba FM, located at Bansgadhi Bardiya, is a community radio that was launched by Ancient Creative Tribute Society. The main purpose of the radio is to create access to media and enhance inclusion in social, economic and political sector for marginalized indigenous, Dalit and women. The radio got license on 18 magh, 2006 from Ministry of Information and Technology, Nepal and started broadcasting from 26-6-2008 Though, the main language it broadcasts in is Tharu, but 50 percent time of broadcasting is provided to Nepali and Raji language."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "Jun, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "11 and half hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "25 percent relay of network broadcasting from Kathmandu, 25 percent entertainment programs and 50 percent news, informative and educational programs."
            },
            {
                "whours": "40 minute per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu, Nepali and Raji"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Bardiya and Banke districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female: 4 ; Male: 14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female: 2; Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2(Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female: 2 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:2 ; Male:5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO JAGARAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Jagaran 93.6 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Butwal, Nepal |details| Websites: radiojagaran@gmail.com + 977-71-437051 +977-71-437906 www.jagaranmedia.org.np www.jagaranfm.blogspot.com www.radiojagaran.clickonlinemedia.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shivaji Gayak Station Manager +977- 9847120840 sjigayak@gmail.com, shivajigayak@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Our organization is a nongovernmental organisation (NGO) addressing issues related to the local community especially the dalits (untouchable caste).  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours per day  [ 5 am to 11 pm ]"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Jagaran Smarika [ Annually Published ] Calendar [ Annual ] Jagaran Bulletin [ published every second month ] Sambidhan Nirmanma Janta [one time publication]"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Weekly broadcasting program (in hour): Right based, awareness, informative and educational - 31 hours Infotainment - 32 hours Entertainment - 42 hours News  - 21 hours Total  126 hours"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": " Specific programs related to climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction Campaign Against Discrimination (Dalits, Women, Muslim, Madheshi, Janajati, Third Gender) Media Campaign against the effect and reduction of climate change Agriculture and animal husbandry 16 days long campaign against the violence on women Media Awareness Campaign against AIDS Campaign against the misuse of drugs & it’s illegal carriages World breast feeding week International Environment Day International Tobacco Day Religious days & various Nepali festivals"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour [Sajha Aawaj – Equal Voice & Aaja ka Nari – Today’s Women ]"
            },
            {
                "langs": "5 local languages [ Gurung, Magar, Tharu, Bhojpuri & Nepali khas]"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rupandehi, Kapilvastu, Nawalparasi, Arghakhanchi, Dang, and Chitwan Palpa,"
            },
            {
                "popl": "1.5 Millions]"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 27 ( Female:10, Male:17)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female: 2, Male: 4)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1, Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female: 5, Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " "
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dalit community [Untouchable caste]"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Support for establishment was provided by: Embassy of Finland in Nepal, Swiss Development Corporation Nepal, Action Aid Nepal.  Board Total : 9, [ Female:2, Male: 7] Station Manager – 1 male"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO KAILASH"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Kailash 103.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station - Radio Gandaki 90.2 MHz."
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Simkot-2, Humla, Karnali Zone, Nepal |details| Websites:  radiokailash103.4@gmail.com +977-87-680166, +977-87-680059 +977-87-680059 www.sidc-humla.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Jiwan Bahadur Shahi President +977-9851042576 jiwanshahi@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Communication, Production and Broadcasting Social Mobilization Infrastructure Saving Credit and mobilization Empowerment and Sustainable Development Good governance Specific programs related to One half an hour programme per day climate change, natural disaster management, and poverty reduction"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May 26, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hour per day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: 1:30 Entertainment: 2 Educational 0:30 News and current affairs: 3:30 Musical: 2 hours "
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and News in Bhote Kham language also"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20 VDC out of 27 VDCs in the district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "35,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "50 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 10 (Female =5 ; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Female =1; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female:1; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female:2 ; Male:9)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Bhote (Lama) community NEPAL RADIO KARNALI"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Karnali FM 105.2MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No. 20842, Bijayanagar, Jumla, Nepal |details| minshahi@gmail.com, Rkfm105.2@gmail.com +977-87-520185/+977-1-5530344/ 5530279 +977-1-5549093 www.kirdarc.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Min Bahadur Shahi Chairperson +977-9851077623 minshahi@gmail.com mshshi@kirdarc.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Lack of communication network and negligible impact of national media in Karnali district - the least developed district of the country- led the local NGO Karnali Integrated Rural Development and Research Centre (KIRDARC) to establish the Community Radio Karnali FM 105.2 MHz in Jumla district for the first time in July, 2004. Radio Karnali is motivated by community well being and is purely operated in the community, for the community, about the community and by the community.  The main purpose of Radio Karnali FM is to give the community access to the means of communication and gives an opportunity to express them socially, politically and culturally. It provides up to date relevant information and also addresses contemporary issues such as promoting peace, democracy, human rights, good governance, and development, during the time of conflict and post conflict situation in the country.  Efforts at educating community especially children and women on safety issues through program on safety measures and awareness at the time of conflict were aired.  Radio Karnali also contributed and showed solidarity for the promotion of democracy (at the time of King Gyanendra’s autocratic rule), by airing programs that mobilized huge mass"
            },
            {
                "activity": "gatherings and protest rallies. This action lead to the closure of the station for few days due to programs aired against the King’s autocratic rule in April 2005.  Radio Karnali promoted the Constituent Assembly elections and encouraged active community participation to ensure that disadvantage community groups such as women, children, Dalits, indigenous and conflict affected people, internally displaced persons (IDPs), could speak and make their voices heard.  Though CA election was a success the community people are disappointed with the political parties and leaders who are fighting for power and ignoring people’s well being and delaying providing public services in Karnali region. The community wants to debate with their own leaders who were given the mandate to take their voices at the policy level to accomplish their basic needs. Therefore, at present it is very urgent for the local media and media workers to be united to fill this great gap between the community and leaders of political parties to debate on constitutional issues from community to central level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July, 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "9 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " 8 Developmental programs per day 3 Entertainment programs per day 2 Educational programs per day 9 news per day and 7 current affairs program per week"
            },
            {
                "whours": "24 hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Khash -a local language"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 VDC in Jumla, 2 VDC in Kalikot and 2 VDC in Dolpa and some parts of Jajarkot."
            },
            {
                "popl": "1,20,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts /FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "12 (Female: 4; Male: 8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female:2; Male :2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Female:1 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female:2 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA/HUGOU, USAID/OTI, ACORAB, KIRDARC, EQUAL ACCESS."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO KRISHNASAR"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Krishnasar FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Banke Nepal Post Box No. 70, Sirjanamarg, Nepalgunj, 16, Nepal |details| Website:  krishnasarfm@gmail.com +977-08-1527477, 527894, 527722 +977-08-1527477 www.krishnasarfm.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Tula Adhikari Station Chief +977-9858022240 adhikaritula@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Public Hearing Local Discussion Singing Completion Interaction Program on development issues Media research"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "26 August, 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "50 % Informative/Education/ News/ Current affairs 50 % Entertainment"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Approximately 10 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Awadhi, Hindi, English, Urdu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 District of Mid and Far West of Nepal"
            },
            {
                "popl": "30 lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2000"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 18 (Female:7 ; Male:11)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 (Female: 5 ; Male: 7 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female:1 ; Male: 8 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Tharus, Madhesis, the poor and marginalised people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Community members"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO LOKTANTRA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Communication & Development Centre - Radio Loktantra 89.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sugam Tole, Dhading, Nepal |details| radioloktantra@gmail.com + 977-10-520279/520944 + 977-10-520209"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Deepak Koirala Station Manager + 977-9841517037 dkprabhar2003@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "With the belief that communication leads to social change and development our programmes focuses on creating awareness, promote advocacy and effective community communication."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "15 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Weekly 3-radio magazine"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Daily news in Kumal, Tamang and Magar (Chepang to go on-air very soon)"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Dhading district"
            },
            {
                "popl": "400,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "3 (Female = 2; male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 2; male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Chepang, Kumal, Tamang and Magar ethnic groups"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Public and District Development Council- Dhading NEPAL Radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative Organization with interested in community broadcasting and operating community radio Lumbini"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Manigram, Nepal |details| Websites: lumbinifm@mos.com.np +977-71-561003/561014 +977-71-561545 www.radiolumbini.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Krishna Prasad Nepal Chief Executive Officer +977-71- 561003"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Preparing, producing and broadcasting community oriented programs for empowering them and bringing about awareness.  List of publication related to community radio by the organization "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "February, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Quarterly published radio bulletin 'Shantipatra' where VDC budget / VDC activities, listener club activities, impact and effects of radio programs and other information are included.  Developmental: 115 minutes per week Entertainment: 270 minutes per day Educational: 155 minutes weekly through various program based on education.  News and current affairs: Broadcast news every hour Musical: 125 minutes per day We include issues related to climate change and natural disaster through news, interview and others related programmes."
            },
            {
                "whours": " "
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 districts 3 different programs around 150 minues per week targeting women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Bhojpuri, Gurung and Magar"
            },
            {
                "popl": "covered by the broadcast About ten lakhs"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "2000 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 38 (Female: 14; Male: 24)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female: 7 ; Male: 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "7 (Female: 1 ; Male:6)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female: 2 ; Male: 2) Numbers of person in management level 11 (Female: 3 ; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Backwarrd and marginalized community like Mushar and Madhesi community."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Action Aid Nepal USAID.  Hossei University"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Madanpokhara"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Madanpokhara, V.D.C. Ward No. 9, Palpa, Nepal.  |details| madanpokharafm@ntc.net.np +977-75-521405 +977-75-520655 Websites:  www.community-radio-madanpokhara.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Gunakar Aryal Station Manager +977- 9847052842 gkaryal@yahoo.com "
            },
            {
                "activity": "It is a well established and first rural based community radio station in South Asia .It performs many field based activities focusing to strengthen local democracy. Under this theme, the objectives are increasing political representation, attempts to make the local government accountable and assist in peace building to bring about changes in the daily life of community people. To achieve these objectives, the following activities are undertaken: public hearing, settlement level planning, community score cards, social audit, service improvement activities related to agriculture, education and health.  regular broadcasting of additional radio programs including the successful stories related to all these activities.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "1998"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17:00 Hrs"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Weekly Data Radio program News & Current Affairs Educational Entertainment Developmental Total Internal hrs 21:35 27:35 34:00 7:00 90:10 % 18.08 23.12 28.57 5.88 75.86 external hrs % 18:20 15.43 9:00 7.56 00 00 1:30 1.09 28:50 24. 14 Total hrs 39:55 36:35 34:00 8:30 119:00 % 33.51 30.68 28.57 6.97 100 Some economic and social radio programmes like agriculture, social customs broadcasted have played crucial role to reduce poverty."
            },
            {
                "whours": " 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Magar, Nepali and Newari"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Approximate 20 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts/ FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 21 (Female:10; Male:11 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "15 (Female:7; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "42 (Female:11; Male:31)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "21 (Female:6; Male:15)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Magars and marginalised people"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO in the initial phase"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "'Boli' Annual publication 'Sangi ko Aawaz' related to listeners club .  Writes up & features in different daily papers & magazines."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Madhyapaschim"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Madhyapaschim 91.4 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Shahid Umesh Marg, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal |details| rmpoffice.dang@gmail.com +977-82-560854/561590 +977-82-560916 Websites:  www.radiomp.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Madhav Prashad Sharma President / Station Manager +977-9857830461 rmpoffice.dang@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Being a community radio station we collect news from Village Development Councils (VDCs) and air them on a weekly basis and fulfil our main aim to provided information to the rural audience."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "September 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental - 4 hours per day Entertainment - 4 hours per day Educational - 2 hours per day News and current affairs -.8 hours per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali , Magar , Tharu, Abadhi and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "22 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "22 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 32 (Female:10; Male:22)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "24 (Female:9; Male:15)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:1 ; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "19 (Female: 7; Male:12)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female:1; Male::10)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Marsyangdhi"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community Radio Marsyangdi 95 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Triveni Tole, Besishahar -2, Lamjung, Nepal |details| ccdc.lamjung@gmail.com, radiomarsyangdi95@gmail.com +977-66-520020/520547 www.radiomarsyangdi.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Gam Prasad Gurung President +977-9741046136 gamprasad@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " To initiate dialogues at the local level on democratic processes, constituent assembly and social inclusion; To provide local communities with the right to information, broadcast to them in their own language; To act as a bridge between local authorities and the public for a two-way dialogue to help in the process of peace building; To empower and inform women, dalit communities, indigenous peoples, children, the disabled, and senior elders on their problems and their basic rights, and to help them for meaningful empowerment through special activities in their communities; To broadcast public-interest notices and information; To advocate and lobby for gender equality in communities and at different levels of decision-making, both in government and in the private sector."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "14 April 2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "1. News    5.15 Min 2. Current Affair   1.30 Min 3. Educational/Information/Health 3.30 Min 4. Entertainment/Musical  5.00 Min 5. Advertisement   1.45 Min Programmes on climate change and solar energy is broadcasted on a weekly basis."
            },
            {
                "whours": " I hours per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Gurung and Tamang"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Lamjung district and some parts of Tanahun, Gorkha, Kaski and Manang districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "350000 including Lamjung and surrounding districts"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female:8 ; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female:4; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female:2 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "9 (Female:1; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "15 (Female:4; Male :11)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "No specific donors but we get support from ACORAB and BBC World trust for broadcasting programmes."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Namobuddha"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Namobuddha FM 106.7 MHZ"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio run by NGO Jugal Association Nepal(JAN)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post Box No- 04, Araniko marga, Dhulikhel, Nepal |details| radionamobuddha@gmail.com, +977-11-490618 + 977-11-490619 www.radionamobuddha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Bhakta Syangtan Station Manager +977-9841465646 bsyangtan@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June,2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "Broadcast per day 13 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Women broadcasted per week One hour a week (Two programmes of 30 minutes each)"
            },
            {
                "langs": "broadcasts in Nepali, Tamang, Newar, Helmo, Danwar, Majhi, Jirel, Magar, Shrepa and Thami"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kavre district and surrounding 7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 21 (Female:11 ; Male: 10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "21 (Female :11; Male::10)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female::1 ; Male:2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "13 (Female: 9 ; Male:4) Management level 9 (Female: 2 ; Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Danuwar, Majhi, Helmo and Jeral"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Free Voice Netherland and USAID"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO NUWAKOT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO NUWAKOT FM 106.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Kalayanpur 1 Aghighure, Bidur-2, Nuwakot, Nepal |details| radionuwakot@gmail.com, + 977-01-6916803 +977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Shiva Prasad Neupane Chairman + 977-01-6916803 nuwakotfm@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "As a community radio station our main activity is to air radio programmes"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Nuwakot, Rasuwa"
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "7 (Female = 2; male = 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "7 (Female = 3; male = 4))"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO PRABAT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "RADIO PRABAT FM 103.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phalebas-Khanigoun VDC-2, Prabat, Nepal |details|  moti333@ntc.net.np + 977-67-690393"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bhola Nath Sharma Chairperson + 977-9741-145688/ + 977-1-4431633 in Kathmandu lamsal05@ntc.net.np"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Gurung and Magar"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "11 (Female = 4; male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 2; male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1; male =2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "ACORAB"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO PURBANCHAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Society of Sustainable Development (SSD) Radio Purbanchal FM 104.4"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Biratnagar- 16, Panchali, Morang, Nepal |details| radiopurbanchal@gmail.com, ssdbrt@gmail.com +977-21525205/21470192-193 +977-21471194 www.womenradio.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kamala Kadel Chairperson/Station Manager +977-9842023843 kadelkamala@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Purbanchal is the first community radio established by Society for Sustainable Development (SSD) which has been operating in 104.4 MHz from Biratnagar. It is first community radio of Nepal which is established and run by women. It is initiated under the leadership of women.  Radio Purbanchal is headed towards to build capacity of women, children, and community who is deprived of opportunities and to increase their access in media along with social, economical, political sector. It helps to create awareness on health, education, community development, of environment conservation and bio-diversity, human rights, good governance and natural disaster mitigation. It also focuses on identifying, protecting and promoting the use of traditional knowledge of indigenous communities as well as promotes the protection of local languages, literature and folk culture. Radio Purbanchal focuses on access to information and to eliminate all sorts of inequality and violence against women and children in society and is actively working on establishing gender equality society.  Publications related to community radio Hamro Chaso ( A Book of Radio Program)"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30 September, 2007."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Rajbansi, Santhali, Jhadad (Urab) and Maithali"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 100 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "18 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "13 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (Female)"
            },
            {
                "prtype": " 48 (Female) Educational 4.5 hour. weekly Developmental: 23 hour weekly Entertainment, 10.25 weekly News and current affairs: 17.92 hour weekly Musical : 14.33 hour weekly"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Women of the area"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sagarmatha"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Sagarmatha Post Box no. 6958, Kathmandu.,Bakhundol, Lalitpur,Nepal |details| stationmanager@radiosagarmatha.org, ghamaraj@radiosagarmatha.org +977 1 5542245/5528091 +977 1 5530227 www.radiosagarmatha.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "Ghama Raj Luitel Station Manager +977-9851027344 ghamaraj@radiosagarmatha.org, ghamarajl@gmail.com "
            },
            {
                "activity": " Radio Sagarmatha is run by Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (NGO).  This is the first independent community radio station in South Asia, mainly focused on advocacy for social change and social justice."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "May, 1997"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Developmental and educational 7 hours News and current affairs 3 hours Infotainment/musical 8 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": " By women more than 40 programme a week For women 2 hours a week."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Newar, Tamang, Maithali and Bhojpuri."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "16 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2.5 Million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": " 1 Kilowatt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "38 (Female :16; Male: 22)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "22 (Female :9; Male:13)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "32 (Female:13 ; Male:17)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 6 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Kathmandu Valley"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Action Aid, Eco Himal, UNESCO, Water Aid Nepal, OXFAM, DANIDA, UNICEF etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SAILUNG"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sailung Community FM 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dolakha, Charighyang, Charikot, Nepal |details| rsailiung@gmail.com +977 49-421812 +977 49-421812"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Hom Pathak Executive Director 977-9741156690 hompathak@gmail.com, hom_pathak@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Types of program Development Entertainment Educational News Current affairs Musical Climate Change Poverty Reduction Duration per week (in hour) 19 hour 15 min 3 hour 20min 19 hour 20 min 31 hour 25 min 6 hour 12 hour 35 min 45 min 1 hour 30 min"
            },
            {
                "whours": "By women for 25 hours and for women 4 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Thami, Tamang, Jirel and Sherpa"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Widely listened to in Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok, Sindhuli, Khotang, Okhaldhunga, Solukhumbhu and Kavrepalanchok districts. Partly listened to in Dhanusha, Sarlahi, Siraha, Udayapur, Mahottari, Rautahat, Bhaktpur, Bhojpur and Sankhusabha districts."
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 5,00,000 population"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "14 (Female = 7; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female = 2; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "hmmfld": " 14 ( Female = 2 ; Male = 14)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "11 (Female = 8; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BBC World Trust Service, Equal Access, USIP, ActionAid, Local NGOs, governmental Office and ACORAB."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SAMAGRA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Samagra 107.8 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting: Samagra Jan –Utthan Kendra (Radio Samagra 107.8 Mhz)"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Naya Bazar, Lahan Municipality Ward No. 6, District Siraha Nepal |details| Websites:  radiosamagra@gmail.com, +977-33-560012 +977-33-561019 www.radiosamagra.info"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Sunil Kumar Sah President +977-9852830976 sunil.rights@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Maturities Rights Secure Program for Sustainable Peace funded by Support Nepal in 2009 to carry out for outputs had provided service to local communities .The project had organized Radio program production by community discussion, training regional level symposium and mobilization through networking between marginalized & minorities conducted organization. These activities of this project were implemented in local communities of Siraha, Saptari and Udaypur districts of Eastern Development Region of Nepal.  Peace Building Project in Terai funded by DED Nepal / Germany Development Service in 2007 to implement effectively for sustainable peace had provided services to local communities.  The project had organized human right and peace building training for army and police of Siraha, Saptari and Udaypur.  Mediation of conflict management initiative was one of the core activities of this project which envisioned social security and peacefully community specially in Terai. Activities of this project were carried out in Siraha and Saptari districts of Eastern Development Region of Nepal.  Security and Justice enhancing Project funded by USIP in 2009 to carry out for outputs had provided survey in security and justice situation of Siraha district .The project had organized survey for situation analysis of security and justice, interaction between Nepal police and citizen for relation reform in community level.  Youth & women leadership program for community Peace building funded by Search for common Ground, Nepal in Terai 4 districts Siraha, Saptary, Dhanusha & Mahotari."
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Type   Total hours per day Development   2 Entertainment   3 Educational   2 News    2 Current Affairs   1 Musical    3 Human Rights & Peace Building 2 Youth Concern   2 Women domestic violence related 1 Total Hours   18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "7 Hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Maithili & English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Approximate 4 Districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 17 (Female : 9 , Male : 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "12 ( Female : 5, Male : 7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female : 5 , Male : 5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "8 (Female : 3 Male : 5)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Rural Youth & Women."
            },
            {
                "donors": "SFCG, USIP"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SARANGKOT"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sarangkot Multi Purpose Co-Operative Ltd - Radio Sarangkot 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sarangkot VDC-9 Lamagaun, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiosarangkot@gmail.com, sarangkotfm@hotmail.com + 977-61-521628 + 977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Laxmi Narayan Devkota Station Manager + 977-98460-28060 sldevkota@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " As a community radio organisation, our radio programmes are focussed on agriculture.  As a cooperative organisation we are in process of running a banking service in the near future.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Gurung and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 (Female = 11; male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 8; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; male = 3"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Saryuganga"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radio Saryuganga, Tulsipur, Nepal |details| radiosaryuganga@gmail.com +97-82-521954 +97-82-521954"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Binod Giri Executive Sub-Director +97-9847822153 radiosaryuganga@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We are broadcasting program focusing on agriculture and Tharu community who are our target audience."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "July, 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Development Entertainment Education News and Current affairs"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, English, Tharu, Aaudhi and Hindi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "800,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 13 (Female = 5; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female =3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female = 1; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "3 (Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Tharu comunity"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Supported locally by the community"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO SARANGKOT 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sarangkot Multi Purpose Co-Operative Ltd - Radio Sarangkot 104.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and a cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Sarangkot VDC-9 Lamagaun, Kaski, Pokhara, Nepal |details| radiosarangkot@gmail.com sarangkotfm@hotmail.com + 977-61-521628 + 977-61-521629"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Laxmi Narayan Devkota Station Manager + 977-98460-28060 sldevkota@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " As a community radio organisation, our radio programmes are focussed on agriculture.  As a cooperative organisation we are in process of running a banking service in the near future."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": ""
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "Boli and listener bulletin Cassettes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Development and education"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.30 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Newari, Tamang, Gurung and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "15 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "500,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "27 (Female = 11; male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 8; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Female = 1; male = 3)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Sisne"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Sisne FM 93.2 MHz."
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Khalang-1, Rukum, Musikot, Nepal |details| radiosisnerukum@yahoo.com + 977-88-530153/ 530156/ 530171/ 680072 + 977-88-530153, + 977-88-530156"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| NARAYANKUMAR SHAH President & Station manager +97-9758501581, + 977088-530207 shahbabu.36@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We focus on human right and social services, advocacy etc for the community"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental: Ji. Bi. Sa. GATIBIDHI  MAHILA AWAJ  DALIT AWAJ  GOVAR GUITHA  MITRATAKO KHOJI   30 minutes, 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes Entertainment: LOK SUSHELI  SANGGIT SANGALO  SNGGIT SARGAM  ABHINAYA DOT COM SISNE CHAUTARI  SUNAGABHA  BHOGAI GORETOKO  GAJAL BAHAR  BHUWA SAGAR   45 minutes 45 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 45 minutes 45 minutes 30 minutes Educational:  GYAN AMRITDHARA  SAHITTYA SIRJANA   30 minutes  30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "GYAN MANJARI  GAUN KHANE KATHA MAHILA SAWAL  BAL SAROKAR   45 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes News: SISNE BULATIN  SISNE SAMACHAR   40 minutes 1 hours Current affairs: ALEKH SANCHAR  PARDA BHITRAKA KURA KACHAHARI  SISNE SAMVAD   30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes 30 minutes Climate change: PARIWARTAN   30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Magar kham"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Rukum, Rolpa, Salyan, Jajarkot, Surkhet, Dolpa, Dailekh, Baglung districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Above 600,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female = 5; Male =8 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =2; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 Female = 2; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 2; Male = 5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Solu FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station and NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "GPO Box 5408, Kathmandu, Radio Station's address: Dorpu Bazar, Solukhumbu, Nepal |details| Website: solufm@gmai.com, solufm@ysc.org.np +977-38520016 +977-38520312 www.solufm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Ngima Pakhrin Chairperson +977-9741060909 pakhrin69@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community mobilisation through radio broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc.  214"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tamang, Sherpa, Bantawa, Khaling and Kulung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Whole area of Solukhumbu district and some neighbouring districts also."
            },
            {
                "popl": "Over 100,000 people."
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "50% each of female and male staff"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "40% female and 60% male"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 40% female and 60% male"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"People of Solukhumbu district"
            },
            {
                "donors": "DANIDA"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Radio Tamur"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tamor 102 Mhz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Dokhu VDC Ward No.9 Taplejung, Helipad, Fungling, Nepal |details| Website:  radiotamortpj@gmail.com +977-24-4-60564/60565 +977-24-460565 www.radiotamor.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Sajan Paudel Station manager +977-9852680875 paudelsajan@gmai.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "January, 1998"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": " "
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali and Limbu"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts "
            },
            {
                "popl": "600,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "10 (Female = 3; Male =7 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female =2; Male =3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "10 (Female = 5; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 (Female = 4; Male = 5)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tanahun"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Mill danda, Khairenitar, Nepal |details| Website:  radiotanahun@pinet.com.np +977-65-570897 +977-65-570897 www.radiotanahun.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Ramesh Paudel Station Manager +977-9846215422 radioramesh@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "13 December 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "28 programs"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Magar and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "About 17 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "3 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "17 (Female = 8; Male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =5; Male =5 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "5 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 2; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 9 members"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Local community believing on the principle of communication for social change & development"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RADIO TRIYUGA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "uchan Tatha Sanchar Sahakari Sanstha Ltd - Radio Triyuga 104 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "ooperative organization broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "District Post Office, Gaighat Udaypur, Bokse Barhgare Nayabasti, Triyuga Municipality, Nepal with interest in community |details| triyuga_fm@yahoo.com + 977-35-420767/690675 + 977-35-420767"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Kaushal Chemjong Station Manager (Member of Executive Committee) +977-9842825162/+ 977-35-420190 chemjongk@yahoo.com, chem.kaushal@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " To create awareness among rural people for strengthening democracy Help solve local development problems through media"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "11 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 programme of 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu and Maithili"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "19 (Female = 7; male = 12)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female = 7; male = 9)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 2; Male =1 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Mushar and Danuwar communities"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Tulsipur"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Tulsipur 5, Dang, Nepal |details| Websites: radiotulsipur@gmail.com +977-82521036/82521508/82520179 + 977-35-420767 www.radiotulsipur.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Arjun Giri Station-Manager 09779741114807/9857820166 radiotulsipur@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Rapti Commutation Service is a NGO and our activities are focussed towards health campaign, development, education and peace building process through community radio."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu, Hindi, Aawadhi and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "7 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "10 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "22 (Female = 3; Male = 19)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "16 (Female =2; Male = 14)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Male )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "14 (Female = 2; Male = 12)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radio Waling 89.2"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Bhakunde 2, Ward No 2, Waling Municipality, Syangja DistrictNepal |details| Websites: radiowaling@yahoo.com, info@radiowaling.org +977-63-440580 +977-63-440580 www.radiowaling.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Guman Singh Rana Managing Director +977-98560 27868 gumanidork@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Community Radio Waling 89.2 MHz (CRW) is a community based FM radio. It is a non-profit entity established by the NGO - AGECO Nepal, with a mission to promote organic agriculture for protection of environment and ecological conservation.  With a belief that organic farming will be a vital step from the local level for maintaining ecological balance, we encourage farmers in the villages through innovative informative programs.  We also help the local organic product of the area to tap the global market which helps the farmers increase their earnings.  Radio programs are aired to contribute towards transforming Waling municipality and the adjoining area into a clean, green and colorful region by the active participation and co-operation of local administration, local people and all concerned - local, national and international organizations - in an attempt to strengthen unity and harmony among different cultures, religions, ethnic groups, castes, classes and genders, it also broadcasts programs in support of pluralism and diversity. The FM radio also includes various other awareness and edutainment programmes.  Community Radio Waling 89.2 MHz plays a vital role in:- Increasing awareness in organic agriculture, ecology, environment and sanitation.  Development of community by scientific research based organic farming and tapping the global market.  Reaching out to the grassroots level for implementing programs for cleanliness and conservation of nature.  Strengthening communication capacities to increase local people's participation in the communication process.  Raising voice for Nepal's pluralism and diversity.  Encouraging free flow of information at local level."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "January, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "17 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Magar and Gurung"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts Agriculture  Ecology and environment Local news  National news  Traffic news  Program for women Current affairs  Local governance  Educational  Musical entertainment Vivid programs  3 hours 2 hours 1 hour 3 hours 30 minutes 30 minutes 1 hour 1 hour 2 hour 2 hours 30 minutes 30 minutes"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 400,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female:8, Male:7)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female:5; Male:5)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female:2 ; Male:1)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "5 (male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female: 1 ; Male:8)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"Farmers of the area"
            },
            {
                "donors": " District Development Council, Syangja Waling Municipality, Waling Syangja District Livestock Office, Syangja District Agriculture Development Office, Syangja"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Rautahat FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Rautahat FM 90.8 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rautahat FM 90.8 MHz, Saraswati Sadan, Ward No. 5, Vidyapati Nagar, Gaur, Rautahat, Nepal |details| Websites: rrautahatfm@gmail.com +977 – 55 – 520015, 521366, 521395 +977 – 55 – 521365 http://www.rautahatfm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Utpal Mishra Vice President & Station Manager +977 – 9851016988, +977 – 9813254410 utpalmishra@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Advocating for the upliftment of under privileged Advocating women empowerment Promotion of social activities incorporating youths Creating awareness of basic human rights Organizing programs to let the voices of voiceless be heard Developmental – 3 hrs/week News and current affairs – 28 hrs/week Educational – 2 hrs/week Entertainment & musical – 70 hrs/week Children – 3 hrs/week Women – 14 hrs/week Miscellaneous – 6 hrs/week"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "6 March 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours during dry season and 24 hours during monsoons"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "14 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bajjika, Bhojpuri, Maithilee, Nepali, Urdu, Hindi and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 Sq Km"
            },
            {
                "popl": "2 Million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "500 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female = 6 ; Male = 9 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "3 (Male = 3 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "6 (Female = 2 ; Male = 4 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "3 (Female = 1 ; Male = 2 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female = 3 ; Male = 4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Madheshi"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "RUPANDEHI FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "'SAVE THE ENVIRONMENT MOVEMENT' RUPANDEHI F.M.  102 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Rupandehi F.M. 102 MHz, Narayanpath, Siddharthanagar -8, Nepal |details| Websites:  radiorup102@yahoo.com + 977-71-521002/521003/521006 + 977-71-520678 www.rupandehifm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Bishwa Prem Kafle / Dr. Ram Prasad Bashyal Managing Director/Chairman +977-71-521006/ + 977-9847030115 +977-71-520333/+977-9847055088 radiorup102@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Conduct different programmes to create awareness in the society about cleanliness and the benefit of environment preservation for ecological balance Conduct programmes including environmental debate, public awareness on health and sanitation, different social and cultural dialogue with participation of women, children, dalits, janajatis, and disabled people while providing sound entertainment to the public."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": ""
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Bhojpuri, Gurung, Magar, Tharu and English."
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "More than 35 districts Environmental Health Child issues Educational including social issues for awareness creation Other informative programmes related to culture, economics, legal issues, etc."
            },
            {
                "popl": "7 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "51(Female = 13; male = 38)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "18 (Female = 7; male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "8 (Female = 4; male =4)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Socially excluded groups (especially the illiterate & backward)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Samad FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Samad F.M. 102.6 MHz"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Lahan – 1, Siraha,Krishna Tole, Nepal |details| Websites: fm.samad.np@gmail.com +977-033-561007/033-693330 +977-033-561007 www.rupandehifm.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jibachh Chaudhary Station Manager 0977-9841376703/0977-9743015743 jichaudhary@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Friends of Nature (FONA) is non-government and non-profit making NGOs. FONA was established in 2063/11/14 (B.S.) in Kathmandu. It’s main focus lies in nature conservation of Tarai area and child education.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "April, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours. (morning 5:30am to 10:00am) (day 2:00pm to 10:00 pm)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " "
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Tharu, Maithali and Nepali"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "40 kilometre Samad Radio Smarika – 2065 (B.S.) Samad Sandesh weekly News paper – 2066 (B.S.) Development :-  1:00 hours Entertainment :-  3:00 hours Educational :-  2:30 hours News :- 4:00 hours Current affairs :- 1:00 hours Musical :- 1:30 hours"
            },
            {
                "popl": "300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watt/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 20 (Female = 6 ; Male =14)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "10 (Female =3; Male =7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 3; Male =5)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "9 (Female = 3; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Dalit & Indigenous community, .House wives and children"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Radio Broadcasting area community."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sancharika Samuha"
            },
            {
                "type": "An NGO"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Post box number 13293, Ekantakuna, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal |details| Websites:  sancharika@wlink.com.np +977-1-5000519 +977-1-5551182 www.sancharika.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Babita Basnet President + 977-1-98510-75373 basnetbabita7@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Gender Training for media professionals (editors/publishers, reporters and writers) Publication of monthly 'Sancharika' Feature Service Basic Journalism/Feature Writing Training to Women Journalists Media Monitoring Media Campaign Interaction/Talk Programmes Radio Programme"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Saugaat FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO run Community Radio Station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Saugaat FM 103.6MHs, Dashrathchand Municipality 1 Gadi, Baitadi, Nepal |details| Websites: msbaitadi@yahoo.com +977-95-520515/ 520046/520512 +977-9-5520046 www.saugaatfmbaitadi.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Jay Raj Bhatt Station Manager +977-095520046/9749527205/9741113856 jayraj.bhatt@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Radio Saugaat is the first community radio F.M. from Baitadi district and our activities are: Developing awareness programs.  Programs on gender issue women empowerment, dalits, local self government, good governance, human right, legal issues development issue.  News broadcasts (local and national) Quiz and talk shows.  Programs on current affairs General interview and discussion on topic on local interest.  Program to promote local artists.  Training programs for the technicians and anchors of Saughat The radio station was established in July, 2010"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Health, education, agriculture entertainments programmes for women"
            },
            {
                "whours": "for 1 hour women broadcasted per week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Baitadeli, Hindi and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Baitadi, Darchula, Bhajan, Dadeldhura and Doti in Nepal and one district in India"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 500,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts/FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "13 (Female:3 ; Male:9)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "6 (Female:3; Male:3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female: 1 ; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "7 (Female:3 ; Male:4)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "7 (Female:3 ; Male : 4)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sumhatlung FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Phidim 4 gadi, Panchthar, Nepal |details| Websites:  sewssfm@yahoo.com +977-2-4520262/ 4520263 +977-2- 4520263 www.sumhatlungfm.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Bijay Bod Lawati Station Manager +977- 9742601581 / 9741060700 bijaybod@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2006"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "16 1⁄2 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Music - 20 hours News - 3.30 hours Development - 3 hours Education - 2 hours Language - 0.30 hours Political - 0.45 hours Culture - 0.45 hours Religious - 0.30 hours and Special program - 2 hours (special programmes are determined on the basis of time and situations.)"
            },
            {
                "whours": "3 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Limbu, Nepali, Magar, Tamang annd Majhi"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "About 9 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 watts / FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 24 (Female = 8 ; Male = 16)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "14 (Female = 6 ; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "3 (Female = 1 ; Male = 2)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "8 (Female = 2 ; Male = 6)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "14 (Female = 3 ; Male = 11)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The local community to inform them and help to transform the society"
            },
            {
                "donors": "BBC WORLD TEDS and ACORAB"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Tikapur FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Tikapur, Nepal |details| tikapurfm101@gmail.com +977-9-1560625"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Yakindra Timilsina Station Manager +977-9749001795 ytimilsina@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "To inform audiences To provide radio service in nominal broadcasting charge to those who want to use radio To let the community have a voice through the radio To link radio with all people of the ocmunity irrespective of their caste, religion and language"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "March, 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "13 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Items Daily Items Spritual program News Highlights News Bulletin Interview Educational program Musical Program Non stop songs Awarness massages Others Total Daily total time 1 6 7 2 30 minutes 30 minutes 150 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 4 90 minutes 150 minutes 90 times 90 minutes Notice, massages 150 minutes 14 Hour Time in percent 3.57 3.57 17.85 7.14 10.71 10.71 17.85 10.71 17.85 100 We also broadcast radio program HAMRO DHARTI (our earth) 2009-2010 supported by Nepal Federation Of Environment Journalist (NEFEJ) and SAMADHAN about natural disaster management and supported by CARE Nepal"
            },
            {
                "whours": "2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Nepali, Tharu and Doteli"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Kailali, Bardia, Surkhet and Doti districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 7 million"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 watts, FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 12 (Female = 4; Male = 8)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "4 (Female =2; Male =2 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "6 (Female =2 ; Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female =1 ; Male = 10)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "NEPAL"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Vijay FM"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Gaindakot VDC Ward No: 8, Nawalparasi, Nepal |details| Websites:  info@vijayafm.org.np +977-56-501403/ 501404/ 501405/ 501406 +977-56-501407 www.vijayafm.org.np"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2|  Mr. Bhumiraj Chapagain Station Manager +977-56-501403 brchapagain@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Radio Content Production, Broadcasting and Distribution.  Vijaya FM produces different types of programmes like, informative, educative, entertaining and local language programmes on public interest.  Vijaya FM airs radio content from 4:00 AM to 11:00 PM everyday.  Vijaya FM produces and distributes radio content to other media on requirement.  Especial programmes on local and national issues and agendas Public Hearing Interaction Discussion Talk shows Reports, Case Studies, and live on especial functions and occasions Trainings Basic and advance Radio Journalism Anchoring Training Thematic trainings on News, Programme and Radio Technician Other occasional events Free Health Campaign Blood Donation Programme Especial Days celebration Vijaya FM Anniversary Day celebration on every 5th Bhadra.  Live on Different Religious Major Festivals, National events, Days and other occasional events.  Publications related to community radio "
            },
            {
                "yearest": "August 2004"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "19 hours a day"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Radio Souvenir 2010 Annual progress and financial reports Articles on radio movements Brochures Tariff Card Informative programme including news and current affair: 4 Hours and 50 minutes a day.  Educative Programme: 4 Hours and 30 minutes a day.  Entertaining Programme: 4 Hours Infotainment and edutainment programme: 5 Hours and 10 minute.  Local Language Programme: 30 minutes a day in average."
            },
            {
                "whours": "27 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Darai, Tharu, Magar, Tamang, Nepali and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Currently we are receiving letters, phones, SMS and information from more than 21 districts"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Approximately 3 millions"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1000 Watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 28 (Female = 9 ; Male = 19 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "11 (Female 5=; Male =6 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "4 (Male =4 )"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female = 1; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": ""
            },
            {
                "donors": "USAID, Action Aid Nepal and Danida etc.  Rural people and their issues Back-warded community like, Bote, Majhi, Mushar, Darai, Tharu, Magar etc."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAKISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF)"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Press Centre Shahrah Kamal Ataturk Karachi, Pakistan |details| ppf@pakistanpressfoundation.org +92-21-263-3215 +92-21-221-7069 www.pakistanpressfoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Owais Aslam Ali Secretary General +92-3333904411 owaisali@pakistanpressfoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Pakistan does not have community radio stations yet. Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF) therefore works with independent FM radio stations and the stations based in rural areas act as de facto community radio stations. PPF also works with campus radio stations.  Our two main activities include:- Training of personnel of radio stations Production of four news bulletins daily that are broadcast over fifteen radio stations in all parts of the country"
            },
            {
                "pubslist": "“Community Radio Handbook” in Urdu"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAKISTAN"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Taraqee Foundation"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3, Arbab Town, Samungly Road Quetta, Pakistan |details| taraqee@taraqee.org +92-81-2829416 +92-81-2829091 www.taraqeefoundation.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Amjad Rashid Chief Executive +92-333-7808630 amjadrshd@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Service Delivery Organisation in the area of health, micro credit, infrastructure, water management, education and child protection.  Advocacy for women empowerment, environment, human rights and good governance"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PALESTINE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Palestine News Network"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box 737, Manger Street, Bethlehem, Palestine |details| fadi@pnn.ps +97-2599380789 +97-022766067/8 www.pnn.ps"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Fadi Abu Sada Director/Editor in Chief +97-2599380789 fadi@pnn.ps"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Palestine News Network PNN is the first community radio in Palestine in operation since June 2003."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "June 2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Local news bulletins, women programs, children programs, morning community show"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Once a week there is a women’s program for an hour, and conducted by women as well"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Mainly in Arabic and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Since it is streaming broadcasting we use the local Palestinian radio stations that cover all of Palestine West Bank and Gaza Strip."
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "16 (Female = 6; Male = 10)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "5 (Female = 4; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "4 (Female = 1 ; Male = 3)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 2 ( Female = 1; Male = 1)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "All inhabitants of Palestine West Bank and Gaza Strip."
            },
            {
                "donors": "station EU, OSI, Inter News"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAPUA NEW GUINEA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "Pacific Adventist University"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "2G 97.9FM at Pacific Adventist University"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Pacific Adventist University, Private Mail Bag, BOROKO 111, National Capital District, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea |details| 2g@pau.ac.pg (+675) 3280200 / 3280389 (+675) 328 1257 www.pau.ac.pg"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Douglas Rinny Radio Coordinator (+675) 3280200 / 3280389 douglas.rinny@pau.ac.pg"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "30th August 2009"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "24 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Gospel Christian Music [50hrs/week] Educational (program for primary to secondary students) [10hrs/week] Bible Studies [20hrs/week] Community service announcements [1hrs/week]"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1 hour/week"
            },
            {
                "langs": "English & Pidgin"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "Over 240km 2"
            },
            {
                "popl": "Over 300,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "1 Kilo Watt, 97.9FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "1 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 8 (Female: 1 ; Male: 7)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "General (no specific community)"
            },
            {
                "donors": "station Central Papua Conference of the Seventh Day Adventist Church, PNG"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PAPUA NEW GUINEA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "New Dawn FM"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "New Dawn FM Bougainville"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "PO BOX 49, Buka PNG, Katsinkuri Street, Buka, Papua New Guinea |details| tambolema@daltron.com.pg alaukai@hotmail.com +675 9739285/9480059/71915292 +675-9739285 www.bougainville.typepad.com"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Aloysius Laukai Manager +675- 71915292 alaukai@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "We broadcast daily current affairs and news awareness on peace and reconciliations and economic development."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "April 2008"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "18 Hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, Current affairs, Musical, Educational"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Two hours of programme on women’s health issues every"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Pidgin and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "50km radius"
            },
            {
                "popl": "50,000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "300 watts FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "15 (Female: 10; Male: 5)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "9 (Female:6 ; Male: 3)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 4 (Female :2; Male:2)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "The general population of Bougainville."
            },
            {
                "donors": "Training support by Commonwealth of Learning."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "International Association of Women in Radio & Television (IAWRT)"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3/F GIF Medical Building, 510 C. Raymundo Avenue, Caniogan, Pasig City, Philippines |details| secretariat@iawrt.org/info@iawrt.org +632-470-8301; +63-917 536-9453 (mobile) +632-470-8301 www.iawrt.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Elizabeth Roxas Head, IAWRT Secretariat +632-470-8301; +63-917 536-9453 (mobile) secretariat@iawrt.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " The International Association of Women in Radio and Television (IAWRT), founded in 1951, is an international organization with a global membership of professional women actively engaged in the production and management of programs in the electronic media or in fields closely allied to broadcasting.  IAWRT members work in radio, television and closely allied fields. It is an organization of women who seek personal and professional contact with members in all continents of the world and cooperates with other professional organizations with comparable goals.  IAWRT arranges international conferences with workshops, screenings, lectures, training sessions and professional networking.  IAWRT holds regional meetings in different geographical areas IAWRT presents Awards of Excellence to publicly recognize programs that demonstrate the ability and creativity of women producers.  IAWRT publishes a Newsletter to provide information and to update members, individuals and institutions.  IAWRT has a study scholarship program for deserving members.  IAWRT maintains a website for information sharing, membership news, links to relevant sites, and a chance to see and hear clips of members’ programs"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Kodao Productions"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting, a production house serving community radios and a community radio production training and assistance provider"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "1, Maaralin Corner Matatag Street, Central District, Quezon City, Philippines |details| kodaophils@gmail.com +63-2-4262201 +63-2-4262201"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Raymund B. Villanueva Radio Cluster Chief +63-9189387030 gwapong_manunulat@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Kodao Productions is a multi-media production outfit that produces radio programmes and video productions; It provides technical, creative and operational assistance to community radios in the Philippines; It seeks to form a national network of community radio stations, broadcasters and advocates."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Isis International"
            },
            {
                "type": "NGO with interest in community broadcasting"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "3, Marunong St., Barangay Central Quezon City, 1100, Philippines |details| bianca@isiswomen.org +63-2- 9281956 +63-2- 9241065 www.isiswomen.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| |details|  Bianca Miglioretto bianca@isiswomen.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Feminist communication organisation (all women’s organisation) Advocates women’s empowerment through access to communication Conducts training in radio productions skills, community radio management, computer skills, FOSS, video, gender, People’s Communication for Development, web-design, engendered peace journalism, engendered management of small and medium sized companies, understanding media, etc.  Publication of Women in Action (thrice a year) on special topics related to women and development, movement building and feminist advocacy in Asia and the Pacific and WE! (twice a month) News from the women’s and people’s movement in Asia Pacific.  Documentation and Resource Centre on the women’s and communication movement internationally with special focus on Asia-Pacific Advocacy and research for the right to communication for women and the use of communication tools such as community radio for sustainable development based on equality."
            },
            {
                "pubslist": " Women in Action (thrice a year) on special topics related to women and development, movement building and feminist advocacy in Asia and the Pacific WE! (twice a month) News from the women’s and people’s movement in Asia Pacific.  Our Website is a very important source of information on women and communication, including community radio training modules and many more.  Both publications occasionally contain information on community Radio, especially WE! publishes all about women and community radio."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "PHILIPPINES"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Radyo Sagada"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Radyo Sagada, Poblacion, Sagada Mt. Province 2619, Philippines |details| radiosagada@gmail.com +63-999-999-1047"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Mary U. Carling Station Manager- Ex-officio- Management Board +639398164485 mccarlmar@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "A non-government, non-profit media organization with a grassroots radio community assembly under the leadership of its Management Board. Radyo Sagada is Grassroots community media with community radio as main project; Engages in non-broadcast programs such as culture and art activities; Participates in other civic activities such as disaster management; environmental programs; Advocates Good Governance; women and children’s rights, Indigenous Peoples Rights; Rights and welfare of other sectors such as farmers; Environmental Protection and etc."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "The radio organization was established in February 2010 but the community radio was conceived in 2007"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "14 hours of broadcast operation (6am-8pm)"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "News and current affairs- at least I hour in a day (20 minutes newscast and 20-40 minutes news commentary; Developmental Concerns – including poverty reduction (talk show) -1-2 hours daily; Occasional 1-2 hours developmental current affairs Music- 4-6 hours of varied music Drama- special / occasional"
            },
            {
                "whours": "Most of the broadcast program hosts are women; on women topic –at least once a week on regular basis; and occasional / special topic for talk show"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Local indigenous language – Kankanaey, local language – Ilokano and English"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "The radio reaches many villages in ten Municipalities in four Provinces of the Cordillera."
            },
            {
                "popl": "More then 30,000 (conservative estimate)"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "150 watts; 104.7 FM"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "All female staff- broadcast hosts and community coordinators"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "Based on need for production of special show : 40-60% range male-female proportion"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "1 to 2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "60% female; 40 % male"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": " 10 (Female : 6 ; Male: 4 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "Mainly, the community of Sagada- various groups and institution"
            },
            {
                "donors": "Miserior- Germany;Miva- Switzerland; the community and local government of Sagada; various NGOs"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "REPUBLIC OF KOREA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Iksan Public Media Centre"
            },
            {
                "type": "Cooperative organization with interest in community broadcasting:"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "P.O. Box No. 570-974, Gemmy, Iksan Pubilc Media Center Sin-dong, Iksan, Jeonllabuk-do, South Korea |details| ismedia@gmail.com 82-10-4102-3497 82-63-833-0674 www.ismedia.or.kr"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Lee, Jin Heang Manager of Media Research Center 82-10-4102-3497 virus0406@gmail.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "A Local Public Media Center providing media education, screening, producing support, media research for citizens Publications related to community Gamnews an email letter published by community radio radio: producing group “Gamgamsosik” 4 times a year."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "field0": "COMMUNITY MULTIMEDIA CENTRE"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Multimedia Centre, Kothmale"
            },
            {
                "type": "1000 Watts"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Community Multimedia Centre, Kothmale Riverside, Mawathura VIA Gampola, Sri Lanka |details| info@kothmale.org +94-812350421, + 94-812350422 http://www.kothmale.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Sunil Wijesinghe Station Controller +94-812350421 info@kothmale.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Kothmale is a Community Multimedia Centre (CMC) that offers community access to ICTs, the internet and multimedia related training. The Kothmale Internet Listeners Club (KILC), a community-based organisation operates the telecentre with assistance from the ICTA and UNESCO. The local radio station caters to a local audience and is operated under the auspices of the state-owned Sri Lankan Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC).  Kothmale has initiated a number of innovations that seek to cater to the information needs of its rural audience including the radio-browsing format and mobile broadcasting via the etuktuk (www.etuktuk.net)."
            },
            {
                "yearest": "1989"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "10-14 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news, current affairs and musical"
            },
            {
                "whours": "1.5 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Sinhala and Tamil"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "50km (100km)"
            },
            {
                "popl": "200,000 (~500,000) people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "250 Watts (being upgraded to 1000w)"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "26 (Female =13; Male = 13)"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "19 (Female = 12; Male = 7)"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male)"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm": "A variety of programmes caters to the specific needs of different communities including children, youth, women, mothers, farmers, students, Muslims and Indian Tamils."
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNESCO, MJF Charitable Foundation."
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Srilanka Community Radio Organisation"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "252/ 1, Galabadawatha, Athurugiriya, Sri Lanka |details| srilankacomradio@yahoo.com + 94-11-2563051"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Niranjan Udumalagala General Secretary +94-11-2563051 uniranjanlk@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Popularising the concept of community radio Build up a network of individuals and community radio organisations within the country and at the international level Organising workshops about community radio for NGO’s, trade unions, university students"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sripalee Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "type": "Campus Radio"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "Campus Radio, Sri Palee Campus, University of Colombo, Wewala, Horana, Sri Lanka |details| Websites: pradeep@spc.cmb.ac.lk +94-342267267 www.campusradio.lk"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Dr. Pradeep N’ Weerasinghe Project consultant + 94- 718607797 pnweera@yahoo.com"
            },
            {
                "activity": "The Sripalee Campus of University of Colombo, Sri Lanka has established a “Campus based Community Radio Station”- Campus Radio, with a view of incorporating theory into practice and providing community service. The Campus Community Radio station is experimenting the integration with web-based forms of radio broadcasting, podcasting and FM broadcasting.  The Campus station programmes are produced primarily by volunteers who are either students or members of the community at large. The training of professional broadcasters is its primary objective. The primary role of this station is to provide a training ground for students in broadcasting courses.  The station will also provide their audience with alternative programming. Alternative programes include music, especially campus music, not generally heard on commercial stations, in- depth spoken word programming and some formal educational programming.  The radio station was"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "31 March, 2011"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": " Development- one hour per day Entertainment- two hours per day Educational- One hour per day News- One hour per day Climate change- 30 minutes per day"
            },
            {
                "whours": " 23 hours by women and six hours for women."
            },
            {
                "langs": "Sinhala and Tamil"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "5 kilometers"
            },
            {
                "popl": " 8000"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "FM 50 watts and Webcasting"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "in general 105 (Female = 85 ; Male = 20 )"
            },
            {
                "numprodstaff": "105 (Female =85; Male =20 )"
            },
            {
                "numtechstaff": "2 (Male =02 )"
            },
            {
                "numvols": "105 (Female = 85 Male = 20)"
            },
            {
                "nummgmt": "11 (Female = 05 Male =06 )"
            },
            {
                "targetcomm":"University community and farmers"
            },
            {
                "donors": "IRQE Project"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "SRI LANKA"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum"
            },
            {
                "type": "Network / Association / Federation of community radios"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "09, Dudley Senanayaka Mawatha, Cololmbo 08, Sri Lanka |details| Websites:  info@ldjf.org +94 117 547073 www.ldjf.org"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| M C Rasmin CEO/Director +94 773 66 75 30 Rasmin@ldjf.org"
            },
            {
                "activity": " Publications related to community radio by the organisation Be the collective voice of entire community media activists in Sri Lanka Conduct workshops, training and capacity building activities in the field of media for development Produce joint programmes and initiatives with respective community based media Conduct Research, consultancy, and monitoring and evaluation assignments in the related fields Involve in Advocacy and Networking Community radio in Sri Lankan: Challenges and opportunities (TAMIL) Internet platform for community broadcasting in Sri Lanka major threats and opportunities (Yet to print)"
            }
        ],
        [
            {
                "cntry": "VANUATU"
            },
            {
                "orgname": "Community Radio Association of Tafea"
            },
            {
                "type": "Community radio station"
            },
            {
                "orgadrs": "General Delivery, Isangel, Tanna Island, Vanuatu |details|  Gudfella@vanuatu.com.vu"
            },
            {
                "contact": "|details2| Nancy Joseph Station Coordinator"
            },
            {
                "activity": "Personal messaging Educational programming Local government information Sports Interviews Some music"
            },
            {
                "yearest": "2003"
            },
            {
                "bcsthours": "6 hours"
            },
            {
                "prgtype": "Developmental, entertainment, educational, news and current affairs, musical, etc."
            },
            {
                "whours": "About 2 hours"
            },
            {
                "langs": "Bislama, Lenakal, English, French and other village languages, which have priority over English and French"
            },
            {
                "cvrgarea": "20km in all directions"
            },
            {
                "popl": "15,000 people"
            },
            {
                "transpwr": "100 Watts"
            },
            {
                "numstaff": "All people are volunteers, no paid staff"
            },
            {
                "donors": "UNICEF and local sponsors"
            }
        ]
    ]
}